# SDK for Swift code examples
Code examples

The code examples in this topic show you how to use the AWS SDK for Swift with AWS.

*Basics* are code examples that show you how to perform the essential operations within a service.

*Actions* are code excerpts from larger programs and must be run in context. While actions show you how to call individual service functions, you can see actions in context in their related scenarios.

*Scenarios* are code examples that show you how to accomplish specific tasks by calling multiple functions within a service or combined with other AWS services.

Some services contain additional example categories that show how to leverage libraries or functions specific to the service.

**Topics**
+ [Amazon Bedrock](swift_bedrock_code_examples.md)
+ [Amazon Bedrock Runtime](swift_bedrock-runtime_code_examples.md)
+ [Amazon Cognito Identity](swift_cognito-identity_code_examples.md)
+ [Amazon Cognito Identity Provider](swift_cognito-identity-provider_code_examples.md)
+ [DynamoDB](swift_dynamodb_code_examples.md)
+ [Amazon EC2](swift_ec2_code_examples.md)
+ [AWS Glue](swift_glue_code_examples.md)
+ [IAM](swift_iam_code_examples.md)
+ [Lambda](swift_lambda_code_examples.md)
+ [Amazon RDS](swift_rds_code_examples.md)
+ [Amazon S3](swift_s3_code_examples.md)
+ [Amazon SNS](swift_sns_code_examples.md)
+ [Amazon SQS](swift_sqs_code_examples.md)
+ [AWS STS](swift_sts_code_examples.md)
+ [Amazon Transcribe Streaming](swift_transcribe-streaming_code_examples.md)

# Amazon Bedrock examples using SDK for Swift
Amazon Bedrock

The following code examples show you how to perform actions and implement common scenarios by using the AWS SDK for Swift with Amazon Bedrock.

*Actions* are code excerpts from larger programs and must be run in context. While actions show you how to call individual service functions, you can see actions in context in their related scenarios.

Each example includes a link to the complete source code, where you can find instructions on how to set up and run the code in context.

**Topics**
+ [Get started](#get_started)
+ [Actions](#actions)

## Get started
Get started

### Hello Amazon Bedrock
Hello Amazon Bedrock

The following code example shows how to get started using Amazon Bedrock.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/bedrock#code-examples). 

```
import ArgumentParser
import AWSClientRuntime
import Foundation

import AWSBedrock

struct ExampleCommand: ParsableCommand {
    static var configuration = CommandConfiguration(
        commandName: "ListFoundationModels",
        abstract: """
        This example demonstrates how to retrieve a list of the available
        foundation models from Amazon Bedrock.
        """,
        discussion: """
        """
    )

    /// Construct a string listing the specified modalities.
    /// 
    /// - Parameter modalities: An array of the modalities to list.
    ///
    /// - Returns: A string with a human-readable list of modalities.
    func buildModalityList(modalities: [BedrockClientTypes.ModelModality]?) -> String {
        var first = true
        var str = ""

        if modalities == nil {
            return "<none>"
        }

        for modality in modalities! {
            if !first {
                str += ", "
            }
            first = false
            str += modality.rawValue
        }

        return str
    }

    /// Construct a string listing the specified customizations.
    /// 
    /// - Parameter customizations: An array of the customizations to list.
    /// 
    /// - Returns: A string listing the customizations.
    func buildCustomizationList(customizations: [BedrockClientTypes.ModelCustomization]?) -> String {
        var first = true
        var str = ""

        if customizations == nil {
            return "<none>"
        }

        for customization in customizations! {
            if !first {
                str += ", "
            }
            first = false
            str += customization.rawValue
        }

        return str
    }

    /// Construct a string listing the specified inferences.
    /// 
    /// - Parameter inferences: An array of inferences to list.
    /// 
    /// - Returns: A string listing the specified inferences.
    func buildInferenceList(inferences: [BedrockClientTypes.InferenceType]?) -> String {
        var first = true
        var str = ""

        if inferences == nil {
            return "<none>"
        }

        for inference in inferences! {
            if !first {
                str += ", "
            }
            first = false
            str += inference.rawValue
        }

        return str
    }

    /// Called by ``main()`` to run the bulk of the example.
    func runAsync() async throws {
        // Always use the Region "us-east-1" to have access to the most models.
        let config = try await BedrockClient.BedrockClientConfiguration(region: "us-east-1")
        let bedrockClient = BedrockClient(config: config)

        let output = try await bedrockClient.listFoundationModels(
            input: ListFoundationModelsInput()
        )

        guard let summaries = output.modelSummaries else {
            print("No models returned.")
            return
        }
        
        // Output a list of the models with their details.
        for summary in summaries {
            print("==========================================")
            print(" Model ID: \(summary.modelId ?? "<unknown>")")
            print("------------------------------------------")
            print(" Name: \(summary.modelName ?? "<unknown>")")
            print(" Provider: \(summary.providerName ?? "<unknown>")")
            print(" Input modalities: \(buildModalityList(modalities: summary.inputModalities))")
            print(" Output modalities: \(buildModalityList(modalities: summary.outputModalities))")
            print(" Supported customizations: \(buildCustomizationList(customizations: summary.customizationsSupported ))")
            print(" Supported inference types: \(buildInferenceList(inferences: summary.inferenceTypesSupported))")
            print("------------------------------------------\n")
        }
        
        print("\(summaries.count) models available.")
    }
}

/// The program's asynchronous entry point.
@main
struct Main {
    static func main() async {
        let args = Array(CommandLine.arguments.dropFirst())

        do {
            let command = try ExampleCommand.parse(args)
            try await command.runAsync()
        } catch {
            ExampleCommand.exit(withError: error)
        }
    }    
}
```
+  For API details, see [ListFoundationModels](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsbedrock/latest/documentation/awsbedrock/bedrockclient/listfoundationmodels(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

## Actions
Actions

### `ListFoundationModels`
`ListFoundationModels`

The following code example shows how to use `ListFoundationModels`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/bedrock#code-examples). 

```
import AWSBedrock

        // Always use the Region "us-east-1" to have access to the most models.
        let config = try await BedrockClient.BedrockClientConfiguration(region: "us-east-1")
        let bedrockClient = BedrockClient(config: config)

        let output = try await bedrockClient.listFoundationModels(
            input: ListFoundationModelsInput()
        )

        guard let summaries = output.modelSummaries else {
            print("No models returned.")
            return
        }
        
        // Output a list of the models with their details.
        for summary in summaries {
            print("==========================================")
            print(" Model ID: \(summary.modelId ?? "<unknown>")")
            print("------------------------------------------")
            print(" Name: \(summary.modelName ?? "<unknown>")")
            print(" Provider: \(summary.providerName ?? "<unknown>")")
            print(" Input modalities: \(buildModalityList(modalities: summary.inputModalities))")
            print(" Output modalities: \(buildModalityList(modalities: summary.outputModalities))")
            print(" Supported customizations: \(buildCustomizationList(customizations: summary.customizationsSupported ))")
            print(" Supported inference types: \(buildInferenceList(inferences: summary.inferenceTypesSupported))")
            print("------------------------------------------\n")
        }
```
+  For API details, see [ListFoundationModels](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsbedrock/latest/documentation/awsbedrock/bedrockclient/listfoundationmodels(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

# Amazon Bedrock Runtime examples using SDK for Swift
Amazon Bedrock Runtime

The following code examples show you how to perform actions and implement common scenarios by using the AWS SDK for Swift with Amazon Bedrock Runtime.

Each example includes a link to the complete source code, where you can find instructions on how to set up and run the code in context.

**Topics**
+ [Amazon Nova](#amazon_nova)
+ [Amazon Nova Canvas](#amazon_nova_canvas)
+ [Amazon Nova Reel](#amazon_nova_reel)
+ [Anthropic Claude](#anthropic_claude)
+ [Meta Llama](#meta_llama)

## Amazon Nova
Amazon Nova

### Converse
Converse

The following code example shows how to send a text message to Amazon Nova, using Bedrock's Converse API.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/bedrock-runtime#code-examples). 
Send a text message to Amazon Nova, using Bedrock's Converse API.  

```
// An example demonstrating how to use the Conversation API to send 
// a text message to Amazon Nova.

import AWSBedrockRuntime

func converse(_ textPrompt: String) async throws -> String {

    // Create a Bedrock Runtime client in the AWS Region you want to use.
    let config =
        try await BedrockRuntimeClient.BedrockRuntimeClientConfiguration(
            region: "us-east-1"
        )
    let client = BedrockRuntimeClient(config: config)

    // Set the model ID.
    let modelId = "amazon.nova-micro-v1:0"

    // Start a conversation with the user message.
    let message = BedrockRuntimeClientTypes.Message(
        content: [.text(textPrompt)],
        role: .user
    )

    // Optionally use inference parameters
    let inferenceConfig =
        BedrockRuntimeClientTypes.InferenceConfiguration(
            maxTokens: 512,
            stopSequences: ["END"],
            temperature: 0.5,
            topp: 0.9
        )

    // Create the ConverseInput to send to the model
    let input = ConverseInput(
        inferenceConfig: inferenceConfig, messages: [message], modelId: modelId)

    // Send the ConverseInput to the model
    let response = try await client.converse(input: input)

    // Extract and return the response text.
    if case let .message(msg) = response.output {
        if case let .text(textResponse) = msg.content![0] {
            return textResponse
        } else {
            return "No text response found in message content"
        }
    } else {
        return "No message found in converse output"
    }
}
```
+  For API details, see [Converse](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsbedrockruntime/latest/documentation/awsbedrockruntime/bedrockruntimeclient/converse(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### ConverseStream
ConverseStream

The following code example shows how to send a text message to Amazon Nova, using Bedrock's Converse API and process the response stream in real-time.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/bedrock-runtime#code-examples). 
Send a text message to Amazon Nova, using Bedrock's Converse API and process the response stream in real-time.  

```
// An example demonstrating how to use the Conversation API to send a text message
// to Amazon Nova and print the response stream

import AWSBedrockRuntime

func printConverseStream(_ textPrompt: String) async throws {

    // Create a Bedrock Runtime client in the AWS Region you want to use.
    let config =
        try await BedrockRuntimeClient.BedrockRuntimeClientConfiguration(
            region: "us-east-1"
        )
    let client = BedrockRuntimeClient(config: config)

    // Set the model ID.
    let modelId = "amazon.nova-lite-v1:0"

    // Start a conversation with the user message.
    let message = BedrockRuntimeClientTypes.Message(
        content: [.text(textPrompt)],
        role: .user
    )

    // Optionally use inference parameters.
    let inferenceConfig =
        BedrockRuntimeClientTypes.InferenceConfiguration(
            maxTokens: 512,
            stopSequences: ["END"],
            temperature: 0.5,
            topp: 0.9
        )

    // Create the ConverseStreamInput to send to the model.
    let input = ConverseStreamInput(
        inferenceConfig: inferenceConfig, messages: [message], modelId: modelId)

    // Send the ConverseStreamInput to the model.
    let response = try await client.converseStream(input: input)

    // Extract the streaming response.
    guard let stream = response.stream else {
        print("No stream available")
        return
    }

    // Extract and print the streamed response text in real-time.
    for try await event in stream {
        switch event {
        case .messagestart(_):
            print("\nNova Lite:")

        case .contentblockdelta(let deltaEvent):
            if case .text(let text) = deltaEvent.delta {
                print(text, terminator: "")
            }

        default:
            break
        }
    }
}
```
+  For API details, see [ConverseStream](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsbedrockruntime/latest/documentation/awsbedrockruntime/bedrockruntimeclient/conversestream(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

## Amazon Nova Canvas
Amazon Nova Canvas

### InvokeModel
InvokeModel

The following code example shows how to invoke Amazon Nova Canvas on Amazon Bedrock to generate an image.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/bedrock-runtime#code-examples). 
Create an image with Amazon Nova Canvas.  

```
// Use the native inference API to create an image with Amazon Nova Canvas

import AWSBedrockRuntime
import AWSSDKIdentity
import Foundation

struct NovaImageOutput: Decodable {
    let images: [Data]
}

func generateImage(_ textPrompt: String) async throws {
    // Create a Bedrock Runtime client in the AWS Region you want to use.
    let config =
        try await BedrockRuntimeClient.BedrockRuntimeClientConfiguration(
            region: "us-east-1"
        )
    config.awsCredentialIdentityResolver = try SSOAWSCredentialIdentityResolver()

    let client = BedrockRuntimeClient(config: config)

    // Set the model ID.
    let modelId = "amazon.nova-canvas-v1:0"

    //  Format the request payload using the model's native structure.
    let input = InvokeModelInput(
        accept: "application/json",
        body: """
            {
                "textToImageParams": {
                    "text": "\(textPrompt)"
                },
                "taskType": "TEXT_IMAGE",
                "imageGenerationConfig": {
                    "seed": 42,
                    "quality": "standard",
                    "width": 512,
                    "height": 512,
                    "numberOfImages": 1
                }
            }
            """.data(using: .utf8),
        modelId: modelId
    )

    // Invoke the model with the request.
    let response = try await client.invokeModel(input: input)

    // Decode the response body.
    let output = try JSONDecoder().decode(NovaImageOutput.self, from: response.body!)

    // Extract the image data.
    guard let data = output.images.first else {
        print("No image data found")
        return
    }

    // Save the generated image to a local folder.
    let fileURL = URL.documentsDirectory.appending(path: "nova_canvas.png")
    print(fileURL)
    try data.write(to: fileURL)
    print("Image is saved at \(fileURL)")
}
```
+  For API details, see [InvokeModel](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsbedrockruntime/latest/documentation/awsbedrockruntime/bedrockruntimeclient/invokemodel(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

## Amazon Nova Reel
Amazon Nova Reel

### Text-to-video
Text-to-video

The following code example shows how to use Amazon Nova Reel to generate a video from a text prompt.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/bedrock-runtime#code-examples). 
Use Amazon Nova Reel to generate a video from a text prompt.  

```
// This example demonstrates how to use Amazon Nova Reel to generate a video from a text prompt.
// It shows how to:
// - Set up the Amazon Bedrock runtime client
// - Configure a text-to-video request
// - Submit an asynchronous job for video generation
// - Poll for job completion status
// - Access the generated video from S3

import AWSBedrockRuntime
import Foundation
import Smithy

func startTextToVideoGenerationJob(
    bedrockRuntimeClient: BedrockRuntimeClient, prompt: String, outputS3Uri: String
) async throws -> String? {
    // Specify the model ID for text-to-video generation
    let modelId = "amazon.nova-reel-v1:0"

    // Configure the video generation request with additional parameters
    let modelInputSource: [String: Any] = [
        "taskType": "TEXT_VIDEO",
        "textToVideoParams": [
            "text": "\(prompt)"
        ],
        "videoGenerationConfig": [
            "durationSeconds": 6,
            "fps": 24,
            "dimension": "1280x720",
        ],
    ]

    let modelInput = try Document.make(from: modelInputSource)

    let input = StartAsyncInvokeInput(
        modelId: modelId,
        modelInput: modelInput,
        outputDataConfig: .s3outputdataconfig(
            BedrockRuntimeClientTypes.AsyncInvokeS3OutputDataConfig(
                s3Uri: outputS3Uri
            )
        )
    )

    // Invoke the model asynchronously
    let output = try await bedrockRuntimeClient.startAsyncInvoke(input: input)
    return output.invocationArn
}

func queryJobStatus(
    bedrockRuntimeClient: BedrockRuntimeClient, 
    invocationArn: String?
) async throws -> GetAsyncInvokeOutput {
    try await bedrockRuntimeClient.getAsyncInvoke(
        input: GetAsyncInvokeInput(invocationArn: invocationArn))
}

func main() async throws {
    // Create a Bedrock Runtime client
    let config =
        try await BedrockRuntimeClient.BedrockRuntimeClientConfiguration(
            region: "us-east-1"
        )
    let client = BedrockRuntimeClient(config: config)

    // Specify the S3 location for the output video
    let bucket = "s3://REPLACE-WITH-YOUR-S3-BUCKET-NAM"

    print("Submitting video generation job...")
    let invocationArn = try await startTextToVideoGenerationJob(
        bedrockRuntimeClient: client,
        prompt: "A pomegranate juice in a railway station",
        outputS3Uri: bucket
    )
    print("Job started with invocation ARN: \(String(describing:invocationArn))")

    // Poll for job completion
    var status: BedrockRuntimeClientTypes.AsyncInvokeStatus?
    var isReady = false
    var hasFailed = false

    while !isReady && !hasFailed {
        print("\nPolling job status...")
        status = try await queryJobStatus(
            bedrockRuntimeClient: client, invocationArn: invocationArn
        ).status
        switch status {
        case .completed:
            isReady = true
            print("Video is ready\nCheck S3 bucket: \(bucket)")
        case .failed:
            hasFailed = true
            print("Something went wrong")
        case .inProgress:
            print("Job is in progress...")
            try await Task.sleep(nanoseconds: 15 * 1_000_000_000)  // 15 seconds
        default:
            isReady = true
        }
    }
}

do {
    try await main()
} catch {
    print("An error occurred: \(error)")
}
```
+ For API details, see the following topics in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*.
  + [GetAsyncInvoke](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsbedrockruntime/latest/documentation/awsbedrockruntime/bedrockruntimeclient/getasyncinvoke(input:))
  + [StartAsyncInvoke](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsbedrockruntime/latest/documentation/awsbedrockruntime/bedrockruntimeclient/startasyncinvoke(input:))

## Anthropic Claude
Anthropic Claude

### Converse
Converse

The following code example shows how to send a text message to Anthropic Claude, using Bedrock's Converse API.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/bedrock-runtime#code-examples). 
Send a text message to Anthropic Claude, using Bedrock's Converse API.  

```
// An example demonstrating how to use the Conversation API to send 
// a text message to Anthropic Claude.

import AWSBedrockRuntime

func converse(_ textPrompt: String) async throws -> String {

    // Create a Bedrock Runtime client in the AWS Region you want to use.
    let config =
        try await BedrockRuntimeClient.BedrockRuntimeClientConfiguration(
            region: "us-east-1"
        )
    let client = BedrockRuntimeClient(config: config)

    // Set the model ID.
    let modelId = "anthropic.claude-3-haiku-20240307-v1:0"

    // Start a conversation with the user message.
    let message = BedrockRuntimeClientTypes.Message(
        content: [.text(textPrompt)],
        role: .user
    )

    // Optionally use inference parameters
    let inferenceConfig =
        BedrockRuntimeClientTypes.InferenceConfiguration(
            maxTokens: 512,
            stopSequences: ["END"],
            temperature: 0.5,
            topp: 0.9
        )

    // Create the ConverseInput to send to the model
    let input = ConverseInput(
        inferenceConfig: inferenceConfig, messages: [message], modelId: modelId)

    // Send the ConverseInput to the model
    let response = try await client.converse(input: input)

    // Extract and return the response text.
    if case let .message(msg) = response.output {
        if case let .text(textResponse) = msg.content![0] {
            return textResponse
        } else {
            return "No text response found in message content"
        }
    } else {
        return "No message found in converse output"
    }
}
```
+  For API details, see [Converse](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsbedrockruntime/latest/documentation/awsbedrockruntime/bedrockruntimeclient/converse(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### ConverseStream
ConverseStream

The following code example shows how to send a text message to Anthropic Claude, using Bedrock's Converse API and process the response stream in real-time.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/bedrock-runtime#code-examples). 
Send a text message to Anthropic Claude, using Bedrock's Converse API and process the response stream in real-time.  

```
// An example demonstrating how to use the Conversation API to send a text message
// to Anthropic Claude and print the response stream

import AWSBedrockRuntime

func printConverseStream(_ textPrompt: String) async throws {

    // Create a Bedrock Runtime client in the AWS Region you want to use.
    let config =
        try await BedrockRuntimeClient.BedrockRuntimeClientConfiguration(
            region: "us-east-1"
        )
    let client = BedrockRuntimeClient(config: config)

    // Set the model ID.
    let modelId = "anthropic.claude-3-haiku-20240307-v1:0"

    // Start a conversation with the user message.
    let message = BedrockRuntimeClientTypes.Message(
        content: [.text(textPrompt)],
        role: .user
    )

    // Optionally use inference parameters.
    let inferenceConfig =
        BedrockRuntimeClientTypes.InferenceConfiguration(
            maxTokens: 512,
            stopSequences: ["END"],
            temperature: 0.5,
            topp: 0.9
        )

    // Create the ConverseStreamInput to send to the model.
    let input = ConverseStreamInput(
        inferenceConfig: inferenceConfig, messages: [message], modelId: modelId)

    // Send the ConverseStreamInput to the model.
    let response = try await client.converseStream(input: input)

    // Extract the streaming response.
    guard let stream = response.stream else {
        print("No stream available")
        return
    }

    // Extract and print the streamed response text in real-time.
    for try await event in stream {
        switch event {
        case .messagestart(_):
            print("\nAnthropic Claude:")

        case .contentblockdelta(let deltaEvent):
            if case .text(let text) = deltaEvent.delta {
                print(text, terminator: "")
            }

        default:
            break
        }
    }
}
```
+  For API details, see [ConverseStream](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsbedrockruntime/latest/documentation/awsbedrockruntime/bedrockruntimeclient/conversestream(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

## Meta Llama
Meta Llama

### Converse
Converse

The following code example shows how to send a text message to Meta Llama, using Bedrock's Converse API.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/bedrock-runtime#code-examples). 
Send a text message to Meta Llama, using Bedrock's Converse API.  

```
// An example demonstrating how to use the Conversation API to send 
// a text message to Meta Llama.

import AWSBedrockRuntime

func converse(_ textPrompt: String) async throws -> String {

    // Create a Bedrock Runtime client in the AWS Region you want to use.
    let config =
        try await BedrockRuntimeClient.BedrockRuntimeClientConfiguration(
            region: "us-east-1"
        )
    let client = BedrockRuntimeClient(config: config)

    // Set the model ID.
    let modelId = "meta.llama3-8b-instruct-v1:0"

    // Start a conversation with the user message.
    let message = BedrockRuntimeClientTypes.Message(
        content: [.text(textPrompt)],
        role: .user
    )

    // Optionally use inference parameters
    let inferenceConfig =
        BedrockRuntimeClientTypes.InferenceConfiguration(
            maxTokens: 512,
            stopSequences: ["END"],
            temperature: 0.5,
            topp: 0.9
        )

    // Create the ConverseInput to send to the model
    let input = ConverseInput(
        inferenceConfig: inferenceConfig, messages: [message], modelId: modelId)

    // Send the ConverseInput to the model
    let response = try await client.converse(input: input)

    // Extract and return the response text.
    if case let .message(msg) = response.output {
        if case let .text(textResponse) = msg.content![0] {
            return textResponse
        } else {
            return "No text response found in message content"
        }
    } else {
        return "No message found in converse output"
    }
}
```
+  For API details, see [Converse](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsbedrockruntime/latest/documentation/awsbedrockruntime/bedrockruntimeclient/converse(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### ConverseStream
ConverseStream

The following code example shows how to send a text message to Meta Llama, using Bedrock's Converse API and process the response stream in real-time.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/bedrock-runtime#code-examples). 
Send a text message to Meta Llama, using Bedrock's Converse API and process the response stream in real-time.  

```
// An example demonstrating how to use the Conversation API to send a text message
// to Meta Llama and print the response stream.

import AWSBedrockRuntime

func printConverseStream(_ textPrompt: String) async throws {

    // Create a Bedrock Runtime client in the AWS Region you want to use.
    let config =
        try await BedrockRuntimeClient.BedrockRuntimeClientConfiguration(
            region: "us-east-1"
        )
    let client = BedrockRuntimeClient(config: config)

    // Set the model ID.
    let modelId = "meta.llama3-8b-instruct-v1:0"

    // Start a conversation with the user message.
    let message = BedrockRuntimeClientTypes.Message(
        content: [.text(textPrompt)],
        role: .user
    )

    // Optionally use inference parameters.
    let inferenceConfig =
        BedrockRuntimeClientTypes.InferenceConfiguration(
            maxTokens: 512,
            stopSequences: ["END"],
            temperature: 0.5,
            topp: 0.9
        )

    // Create the ConverseStreamInput to send to the model.
    let input = ConverseStreamInput(
        inferenceConfig: inferenceConfig, messages: [message], modelId: modelId)

    // Send the ConverseStreamInput to the model.
    let response = try await client.converseStream(input: input)

    // Extract the streaming response.
    guard let stream = response.stream else {
        print("No stream available")
        return
    }

    // Extract and print the streamed response text in real-time.
    for try await event in stream {
        switch event {
        case .messagestart(_):
            print("\nMeta Llama:")

        case .contentblockdelta(let deltaEvent):
            if case .text(let text) = deltaEvent.delta {
                print(text, terminator: "")
            }

        default:
            break
        }
    }
}
```
+  For API details, see [ConverseStream](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsbedrockruntime/latest/documentation/awsbedrockruntime/bedrockruntimeclient/conversestream(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

# Amazon Cognito Identity examples using SDK for Swift
Amazon Cognito Identity

The following code examples show you how to perform actions and implement common scenarios by using the AWS SDK for Swift with Amazon Cognito Identity.

*Actions* are code excerpts from larger programs and must be run in context. While actions show you how to call individual service functions, you can see actions in context in their related scenarios.

Each example includes a link to the complete source code, where you can find instructions on how to set up and run the code in context.

**Topics**
+ [Actions](#actions)

## Actions
Actions

### `CreateIdentityPool`
`CreateIdentityPool`

The following code example shows how to use `CreateIdentityPool`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/cognito-identity/FindOrCreateIdentityPool#code-examples). 

```
import AWSCognitoIdentity


    /// Create a new identity pool and return its ID.
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///     - name: The name to give the new identity pool.
    ///
    /// - Returns: A string containing the newly created pool's ID, or `nil`
    ///   if an error occurred.
    ///
    func createIdentityPool(name: String) async throws -> String? {
        do {
            let cognitoInputCall = CreateIdentityPoolInput(developerProviderName: "com.exampleco.CognitoIdentityDemo",
                                                           identityPoolName: name)
            
            let result = try await cognitoIdentityClient.createIdentityPool(input: cognitoInputCall)
            guard let poolId = result.identityPoolId else {
                return nil
            }
            
            return poolId
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: createIdentityPool:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
    }
```
+  For more information, see [AWS SDK for Swift developer guide](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-swift/latest/developer-guide/getting-started.html). 
+  For API details, see [CreateIdentityPool](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awscognitoidentity/latest/documentation/awscognitoidentity/cognitoidentityclient/createidentitypool(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `DeleteIdentityPool`
`DeleteIdentityPool`

The following code example shows how to use `DeleteIdentityPool`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/cognito-identity/FindOrCreateIdentityPool#code-examples). 

```
import AWSCognitoIdentity


    /// Delete the specified identity pool.
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - id: The ID of the identity pool to delete.
    ///
    func deleteIdentityPool(id: String) async throws {
        do {
            let input = DeleteIdentityPoolInput(
                identityPoolId: id
            )
            
            _ = try await cognitoIdentityClient.deleteIdentityPool(input: input)
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: deleteIdentityPool:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
    }
```
+  For more information, see [AWS SDK for Swift developer guide](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-swift/latest/developer-guide/getting-started.html). 
+  For API details, see [DeleteIdentityPool](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awscognitoidentity/latest/documentation/awscognitoidentity/cognitoidentityclient/deleteidentitypool(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `ListIdentityPools`
`ListIdentityPools`

The following code example shows how to use `ListIdentityPools`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/cognito-identity/FindOrCreateIdentityPool#code-examples). 

```
import AWSCognitoIdentity


    /// Return the ID of the identity pool with the specified name.
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - name: The name of the identity pool whose ID should be returned.
    ///
    /// - Returns: A string containing the ID of the specified identity pool
    ///   or `nil` on error or if not found.
    ///
    func getIdentityPoolID(name: String) async throws -> String? {
        let listPoolsInput = ListIdentityPoolsInput(maxResults: 25)
        // Use "Paginated" to get all the objects.
        // This lets the SDK handle the 'nextToken' field in "ListIdentityPoolsOutput".
        let pages = cognitoIdentityClient.listIdentityPoolsPaginated(input: listPoolsInput)

        do {
            for try await page in pages {
                guard let identityPools = page.identityPools else {
                    print("ERROR: listIdentityPoolsPaginated returned nil contents.")
                    continue
                }
                
                /// Read pages of identity pools from Cognito until one is found
                /// whose name matches the one specified in the `name` parameter.
                /// Return the matching pool's ID.

                for pool in identityPools {
                    if pool.identityPoolName == name {
                        return pool.identityPoolId!
                    }
                }
            }
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: getIdentityPoolID:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
        
        return nil
    }
```
Get the ID of an existing identity pool or create it if it doesn't already exist.  

```
import AWSCognitoIdentity


    /// Return the ID of the identity pool with the specified name.
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - name: The name of the identity pool whose ID should be returned
    ///
    /// - Returns: A string containing the ID of the specified identity pool.
    ///   Returns `nil` if there's an error or if the pool isn't found.
    ///
    public func getOrCreateIdentityPoolID(name: String) async throws -> String? {
        // See if the pool already exists. If it doesn't, create it.
        
        do {
            guard let poolId = try await getIdentityPoolID(name: name) else {
                return try await createIdentityPool(name: name)
            }
            
            return poolId
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: getOrCreateIdentityPoolID:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
    }
```
+  For more information, see [AWS SDK for Swift developer guide](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-swift/latest/developer-guide/getting-started.html). 
+  For API details, see [ListIdentityPools](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awscognitoidentity/latest/documentation/awscognitoidentity/cognitoidentityclient/listidentitypools(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

# Amazon Cognito Identity Provider examples using SDK for Swift
Amazon Cognito Identity Provider

The following code examples show you how to perform actions and implement common scenarios by using the AWS SDK for Swift with Amazon Cognito Identity Provider.

*Actions* are code excerpts from larger programs and must be run in context. While actions show you how to call individual service functions, you can see actions in context in their related scenarios.

*Scenarios* are code examples that show you how to accomplish specific tasks by calling multiple functions within a service or combined with other AWS services.

Each example includes a link to the complete source code, where you can find instructions on how to set up and run the code in context.

**Topics**
+ [Actions](#actions)
+ [Scenarios](#scenarios)

## Actions
Actions

### `AdminGetUser`
`AdminGetUser`

The following code example shows how to use `AdminGetUser`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/cognito-identity-provider#code-examples). 

```
import AWSClientRuntime
import AWSCognitoIdentityProvider

    /// Get information about a specific user in a user pool.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - cipClient: The Amazon Cognito Identity Provider client to use.
    ///   - userName: The user to retrieve information about.
    ///   - userPoolId: The user pool to search for the specified user.
    ///
    /// - Returns: `true` if the user's information was successfully
    ///   retrieved. Otherwise returns `false`.
    func adminGetUser(cipClient: CognitoIdentityProviderClient, userName: String,
                      userPoolId: String) async -> Bool {
        do {
            let output = try await cipClient.adminGetUser(
                input: AdminGetUserInput(
                    userPoolId: userPoolId,
                    username: userName
                )
            )

            guard let userStatus = output.userStatus else {
                print("*** Unable to get the user's status.")
                return false
            }

            print("User status: \(userStatus)")
            return true
        } catch {
            return false
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [AdminGetUser](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awscognitoidentityprovider/latest/documentation/awscognitoidentityprovider/cognitoidentityproviderclient/admingetuser(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `AdminInitiateAuth`
`AdminInitiateAuth`

The following code example shows how to use `AdminInitiateAuth`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/cognito-identity-provider#code-examples). 

```
import AWSClientRuntime
import AWSCognitoIdentityProvider

    /// Begin an authentication session.
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - cipClient: The `CongitoIdentityProviderClient` to use.
    ///   - clientId: The app client ID to use.
    ///   - userName: The username to check.
    ///   - password: The user's password.
    ///   - userPoolId: The user pool to use.
    ///
    /// - Returns: The session token associated with this authentication
    ///   session.
    func initiateAuth(cipClient: CognitoIdentityProviderClient, clientId: String,
                         userName: String, password: String,
                         userPoolId: String) async -> String? {
        var authParams: [String: String] = [:]

        authParams["USERNAME"] = userName
        authParams["PASSWORD"] = password

        do {
            let output = try await cipClient.adminInitiateAuth(
                input: AdminInitiateAuthInput(
                    authFlow: CognitoIdentityProviderClientTypes.AuthFlowType.adminUserPasswordAuth,
                    authParameters: authParams,
                    clientId: clientId,
                    userPoolId: userPoolId
                )
            )

            guard let challengeName = output.challengeName else {
                print("*** Invalid response from the auth service.")
                return nil
            }

            print("=====> Response challenge is \(challengeName)")

            return output.session
        } catch _ as UserNotFoundException {
            print("*** The specified username, \(userName), doesn't exist.")
            return nil
        } catch _ as UserNotConfirmedException {
            print("*** The user \(userName) has not been confirmed.")
            return nil
        } catch {
            print("*** An unexpected error occurred.")
            return nil
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [AdminInitiateAuth](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awscognitoidentityprovider/latest/documentation/awscognitoidentityprovider/cognitoidentityproviderclient/admininitiateauth(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `AdminRespondToAuthChallenge`
`AdminRespondToAuthChallenge`

The following code example shows how to use `AdminRespondToAuthChallenge`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/cognito-identity-provider#code-examples). 

```
import AWSClientRuntime
import AWSCognitoIdentityProvider

    /// Respond to the authentication challenge received from Cognito after
    /// initiating an authentication session. This involves sending a current
    /// MFA code to the service.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - cipClient: The `CognitoIdentityProviderClient` to use.
    ///   - userName: The user's username.
    ///   - clientId: The app client ID.
    ///   - userPoolId: The user pool to sign into.
    ///   - mfaCode: The 6-digit MFA code currently displayed by the user's
    ///     authenticator.
    ///   - session: The authentication session to continue processing.
    func adminRespondToAuthChallenge(cipClient: CognitoIdentityProviderClient, userName: String,
                                     clientId: String, userPoolId: String, mfaCode: String,
                                     session: String) async {
        print("=====> SOFTWARE_TOKEN_MFA challenge is generated...")

        var challengeResponsesOb: [String: String] = [:]
        challengeResponsesOb["USERNAME"] = userName
        challengeResponsesOb["SOFTWARE_TOKEN_MFA_CODE"] = mfaCode

        do {
            let output = try await cipClient.adminRespondToAuthChallenge(
                input: AdminRespondToAuthChallengeInput(
                    challengeName: CognitoIdentityProviderClientTypes.ChallengeNameType.softwareTokenMfa,
                    challengeResponses: challengeResponsesOb,
                    clientId: clientId,
                    session: session,
                    userPoolId: userPoolId
                )
            )

            guard let authenticationResult = output.authenticationResult else {
                print("*** Unable to get authentication result.")
                return
            }

            print("=====> Authentication result (JWTs are redacted):")
            print(authenticationResult)
        } catch _ as SoftwareTokenMFANotFoundException {
            print("*** The specified user pool isn't configured for MFA.")
            return
        } catch _ as CodeMismatchException {
            print("*** The specified MFA code doesn't match the expected value.")
            return
        } catch _ as UserNotFoundException {
            print("*** The specified username, \(userName), doesn't exist.")
            return
        } catch _ as UserNotConfirmedException {
            print("*** The user \(userName) has not been confirmed.")
            return
        } catch let error as NotAuthorizedException {
            print("*** Unauthorized access. Reason: \(error.properties.message ?? "<unknown>")")
        } catch {
            print("*** Error responding to the MFA challenge.")
            return
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [AdminRespondToAuthChallenge](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awscognitoidentityprovider/latest/documentation/awscognitoidentityprovider/cognitoidentityproviderclient/adminrespondtoauthchallenge(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `AssociateSoftwareToken`
`AssociateSoftwareToken`

The following code example shows how to use `AssociateSoftwareToken`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/cognito-identity-provider#code-examples). 

```
import AWSClientRuntime
import AWSCognitoIdentityProvider

    /// Request and display an MFA secret token that the user should enter
    /// into their authenticator to set it up for the user account.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - cipClient: The `CognitoIdentityProviderClient` to use.
    ///   - authSession: The authentication session to request an MFA secret
    ///     for.
    ///
    /// - Returns: A string containing the MFA secret token that should be
    ///   entered into the authenticator software.
    func getSecretForAppMFA(cipClient: CognitoIdentityProviderClient, authSession: String?) async -> String? {
        do {
            let output = try await cipClient.associateSoftwareToken(
                input: AssociateSoftwareTokenInput(
                    session: authSession
                )
            )

            guard let secretCode = output.secretCode else {
                print("*** Unable to get the secret code")
                return nil
            }

            print("=====> Enter this token into Google Authenticator: \(secretCode)")
            return output.session
        } catch _ as SoftwareTokenMFANotFoundException {
            print("*** The specified user pool isn't configured for MFA.")
            return nil
        } catch {
            print("*** An unexpected error occurred getting the secret for the app's MFA.")
            return nil
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [AssociateSoftwareToken](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awscognitoidentityprovider/latest/documentation/awscognitoidentityprovider/cognitoidentityproviderclient/associatesoftwaretoken(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `ConfirmSignUp`
`ConfirmSignUp`

The following code example shows how to use `ConfirmSignUp`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/cognito-identity-provider#code-examples). 

```
import AWSClientRuntime
import AWSCognitoIdentityProvider

    /// Submit a confirmation code for the specified user. This is the code as
    /// entered by the user after they've received it by email or text
    /// message.
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - cipClient: The `CognitoIdentityProviderClient` to use.
    ///   - clientId: The app client ID the user is signing up for.
    ///   - userName: The username of the user whose code is being sent.
    ///   - code: The user's confirmation code.
    /// 
    /// - Returns: `true` if the code was successfully confirmed; otherwise `false`.
    func confirmSignUp(cipClient: CognitoIdentityProviderClient, clientId: String,
                       userName: String, code: String) async -> Bool {
        do {
            _ = try await cipClient.confirmSignUp(
                input: ConfirmSignUpInput(
                    clientId: clientId,
                    confirmationCode: code,
                    username: userName
                )
            )

            print("=====> \(userName) has been confirmed.")
            return true
        } catch {
            print("=====> \(userName)'s code was entered incorrectly.")
            return false
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [ConfirmSignUp](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awscognitoidentityprovider/latest/documentation/awscognitoidentityprovider/cognitoidentityproviderclient/confirmsignup(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `ListUsers`
`ListUsers`

The following code example shows how to use `ListUsers`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/cognito-identity-provider#code-examples). 

```
        do {
            let output = try await cognitoClient.listUsers(
                input: ListUsersInput(
                    userPoolId: poolId
                )
            )
            
            guard let users = output.users else {
                print("No users found.")
                return
            }

            print("\(users.count) user(s) found.")
            for user in users {
                print("  \(user.username ?? "<unknown>")")
            }
        } catch _ as NotAuthorizedException {
            print("*** Please authenticate with AWS before using this command.")
            return
        } catch _ as ResourceNotFoundException {
            print("*** The specified User Pool was not found.")
            return
        } catch {
            print("*** An unexpected type of error occurred.")
            return
        }
```
+  For API details, see [ListUsers](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awscognitoidentityprovider/latest/documentation/awscognitoidentityprovider/cognitoidentityproviderclient/listusers(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `ResendConfirmationCode`
`ResendConfirmationCode`

The following code example shows how to use `ResendConfirmationCode`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/cognito-identity-provider#code-examples). 

```
import AWSClientRuntime
import AWSCognitoIdentityProvider

    /// Requests a new confirmation code be sent to the given user's contact
    /// method.
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - cipClient: The `CognitoIdentityProviderClient` to use.
    ///   - clientId: The application client ID.
    ///   - userName: The user to resend a code for.
    ///
    /// - Returns: `true` if a new code was sent successfully, otherwise
    ///   `false`.
    func resendConfirmationCode(cipClient: CognitoIdentityProviderClient, clientId: String,
                                userName: String) async -> Bool {
        do {
            let output = try await cipClient.resendConfirmationCode(
                input: ResendConfirmationCodeInput(
                    clientId: clientId,
                    username: userName
                )
            )

            guard let deliveryMedium = output.codeDeliveryDetails?.deliveryMedium else {
                print("*** Unable to get the delivery method for the resent code.")
                return false
            }

            print("=====> A new code has been sent by \(deliveryMedium)")
            return true
        } catch {
            print("*** Unable to resend the confirmation code to user \(userName).")
            return false
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [ResendConfirmationCode](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awscognitoidentityprovider/latest/documentation/awscognitoidentityprovider/cognitoidentityproviderclient/resendconfirmationcode(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `SignUp`
`SignUp`

The following code example shows how to use `SignUp`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/cognito-identity-provider#code-examples). 

```
import AWSClientRuntime
import AWSCognitoIdentityProvider

    /// Create a new user in a user pool.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - cipClient: The `CognitoIdentityProviderClient` to use.
    ///   - clientId: The ID of the app client to create a user for.
    ///   - userName: The username for the new user.
    ///   - password: The new user's password.
    ///   - email: The new user's email address.
    ///
    /// - Returns: `true` if successful; otherwise `false`.
    func signUp(cipClient: CognitoIdentityProviderClient, clientId: String, userName: String, password: String, email: String) async -> Bool {
        let emailAttr = CognitoIdentityProviderClientTypes.AttributeType(
            name: "email",
            value: email
        )

        let userAttrsList = [emailAttr]

        do {
            _ = try await cipClient.signUp(
                input: SignUpInput(
                    clientId: clientId,
                    password: password,
                    userAttributes: userAttrsList,
                    username: userName
                )

            )

            print("=====> User \(userName) signed up.")
        } catch _ as AWSCognitoIdentityProvider.UsernameExistsException {
            print("*** The username \(userName) already exists. Please use a different one.")
            return false
        } catch let error as AWSCognitoIdentityProvider.InvalidPasswordException {
            print("*** Error: The specified password is invalid. Reason: \(error.properties.message ?? "<none available>").")
            return false
        } catch _ as AWSCognitoIdentityProvider.ResourceNotFoundException {
            print("*** Error: The specified client ID (\(clientId)) doesn't exist.")
            return false
        } catch {
            print("*** Unexpected error: \(error)")
            return false
        }

        return true
    }
```
+  For API details, see [SignUp](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awscognitoidentityprovider/latest/documentation/awscognitoidentityprovider/cognitoidentityproviderclient/signup(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `VerifySoftwareToken`
`VerifySoftwareToken`

The following code example shows how to use `VerifySoftwareToken`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/cognito-identity-provider#code-examples). 

```
import AWSClientRuntime
import AWSCognitoIdentityProvider

    /// Confirm that the user's TOTP authenticator is configured correctly by
    /// sending a code to it to check that it matches successfully.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - cipClient: The `CongnitoIdentityProviderClient` to use.
    ///   - session: An authentication session previously returned by an
    ///     `associateSoftwareToken()` call.
    ///   - mfaCode: The 6-digit code currently displayed by the user's
    ///     authenticator, as provided by the user.
    func verifyTOTP(cipClient: CognitoIdentityProviderClient, session: String?, mfaCode: String?) async {
        do {
            let output = try await cipClient.verifySoftwareToken(
                input: VerifySoftwareTokenInput(
                    session: session,
                    userCode: mfaCode
                )
            )

            guard let tokenStatus = output.status else {
                print("*** Unable to get the token's status.")
                return
            }
            print("=====> The token's status is: \(tokenStatus)")
        } catch _ as SoftwareTokenMFANotFoundException {
            print("*** The specified user pool isn't configured for MFA.")
            return
        } catch _ as CodeMismatchException {
            print("*** The specified MFA code doesn't match the expected value.")
            return
        } catch _ as UserNotFoundException {
            print("*** The specified username doesn't exist.")
            return
        } catch _ as UserNotConfirmedException {
            print("*** The user has not been confirmed.")
            return
        } catch {
            print("*** Error verifying the MFA token!")
            return
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [VerifySoftwareToken](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awscognitoidentityprovider/latest/documentation/awscognitoidentityprovider/cognitoidentityproviderclient/verifysoftwaretoken(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

## Scenarios
Scenarios

### Sign up a user with a user pool that requires MFA
Sign up a user with a user pool that requires MFA

The following code example shows how to:
+ Sign up and confirm a user with a username, password, and email address.
+ Set up multi-factor authentication by associating an MFA application with the user.
+ Sign in by using a password and an MFA code.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/cognito-identity-provider#code-examples). 
The `Package.swift` file.  

```
// swift-tools-version: 5.9
//
// The swift-tools-version declares the minimum version of Swift required to
// build this package.

import PackageDescription

let package = Package(
    name: "cognito-scenario",
    // Let Xcode know the minimum Apple platforms supported.
    platforms: [
        .macOS(.v13),
        .iOS(.v15)
    ],
    dependencies: [
        // Dependencies declare other packages that this package depends on.
        .package(
            url: "https://github.com/awslabs/aws-sdk-swift",
            from: "1.0.0"),
        .package(
            url: "https://github.com/apple/swift-argument-parser.git",
            branch: "main"
        )
    ],
    targets: [
        // Targets are the basic building blocks of a package, defining a module or a test suite.
        // Targets can depend on other targets in this package and products
        // from dependencies.
        .executableTarget(
            name: "cognito-scenario",
            dependencies: [
                .product(name: "AWSCognitoIdentityProvider", package: "aws-sdk-swift"),
                .product(name: "ArgumentParser", package: "swift-argument-parser")
            ],
            path: "Sources")

    ]
)
```
The Swift code file.  

```
// An example demonstrating various features of Amazon Cognito. Before running
// this Swift code example, set up your development environment, including
// your credentials.
//
// For more information, see the following documentation:
// https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-kotlin/latest/developer-guide/setup.html
//
// TIP: To set up the required user pool, run the AWS Cloud Development Kit
// (AWS CDK) script provided in this GitHub repo at
// resources/cdk/cognito_scenario_user_pool_with_mfa.
//
// This example performs the following functions:
//
// 1. Invokes the signUp method to sign up a user.
// 2. Invokes the adminGetUser method to get the user's confirmation status.
// 3. Invokes the ResendConfirmationCode method if the user requested another
//    code.
// 4. Invokes the confirmSignUp method.
// 5. Invokes the initiateAuth to sign in. This results in being prompted to
//    set up TOTP (time-based one-time password). (The response is
//    “ChallengeName”: “MFA_SETUP”).
// 6. Invokes the AssociateSoftwareToken method to generate a TOTP MFA private
//    key. This can be used with Google Authenticator.
// 7. Invokes the VerifySoftwareToken method to verify the TOTP and register
//    for MFA.
// 8. Invokes the AdminInitiateAuth to sign in again. This results in being
//    prompted to submit a TOTP (Response: “ChallengeName”:
//    “SOFTWARE_TOKEN_MFA”).
// 9. Invokes the AdminRespondToAuthChallenge to get back a token.

import ArgumentParser
import Foundation

import AWSClientRuntime
import AWSCognitoIdentityProvider

struct ExampleCommand: ParsableCommand {
    @Argument(help: "The application clientId.")
    var clientId: String
    @Argument(help: "The user pool ID to use.")
    var poolId: String
    @Option(help: "Name of the Amazon Region to use")
    var region = "us-east-1"

    static var configuration = CommandConfiguration(
        commandName: "cognito-scenario",
        abstract: """
        Demonstrates various features of Amazon Cognito.
        """,
        discussion: """
        """
    )

    /// Prompt for an input string of at least a minimum length.  
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - prompt: The prompt string to display.
    ///   - minLength: The minimum number of characters to allow in the
    ///     response. Default value is 0.
    ///
    /// - Returns: The entered string.
    func stringRequest(_ prompt: String, minLength: Int = 1) -> String {
        while true {
            print(prompt, terminator: "")
            let str = readLine()

            guard let str else {
                continue
            }
            if str.count >= minLength {
                return str
            } else {
                print("*** Response must be at least \(minLength) character(s) long.")
            }
        }
    }

    /// Ask a yes/no question.
    /// 
    /// - Parameter prompt: A prompt string to print.
    ///
    /// - Returns: `true` if the user answered "Y", otherwise `false`.
    func yesNoRequest(_ prompt: String) -> Bool {
        while true {
            let answer = stringRequest(prompt).lowercased()
            if answer == "y" || answer == "n" {
                return answer == "y"
            }
        }
    }

    /// Get information about a specific user in a user pool.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - cipClient: The Amazon Cognito Identity Provider client to use.
    ///   - userName: The user to retrieve information about.
    ///   - userPoolId: The user pool to search for the specified user.
    ///
    /// - Returns: `true` if the user's information was successfully
    ///   retrieved. Otherwise returns `false`.
    func adminGetUser(cipClient: CognitoIdentityProviderClient, userName: String,
                      userPoolId: String) async -> Bool {
        do {
            let output = try await cipClient.adminGetUser(
                input: AdminGetUserInput(
                    userPoolId: userPoolId,
                    username: userName
                )
            )

            guard let userStatus = output.userStatus else {
                print("*** Unable to get the user's status.")
                return false
            }

            print("User status: \(userStatus)")
            return true
        } catch {
            return false
        }
    }

    /// Create a new user in a user pool.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - cipClient: The `CognitoIdentityProviderClient` to use.
    ///   - clientId: The ID of the app client to create a user for.
    ///   - userName: The username for the new user.
    ///   - password: The new user's password.
    ///   - email: The new user's email address.
    ///
    /// - Returns: `true` if successful; otherwise `false`.
    func signUp(cipClient: CognitoIdentityProviderClient, clientId: String, userName: String, password: String, email: String) async -> Bool {
        let emailAttr = CognitoIdentityProviderClientTypes.AttributeType(
            name: "email",
            value: email
        )

        let userAttrsList = [emailAttr]

        do {
            _ = try await cipClient.signUp(
                input: SignUpInput(
                    clientId: clientId,
                    password: password,
                    userAttributes: userAttrsList,
                    username: userName
                )

            )

            print("=====> User \(userName) signed up.")
        } catch _ as AWSCognitoIdentityProvider.UsernameExistsException {
            print("*** The username \(userName) already exists. Please use a different one.")
            return false
        } catch let error as AWSCognitoIdentityProvider.InvalidPasswordException {
            print("*** Error: The specified password is invalid. Reason: \(error.properties.message ?? "<none available>").")
            return false
        } catch _ as AWSCognitoIdentityProvider.ResourceNotFoundException {
            print("*** Error: The specified client ID (\(clientId)) doesn't exist.")
            return false
        } catch {
            print("*** Unexpected error: \(error)")
            return false
        }

        return true
    }

    /// Requests a new confirmation code be sent to the given user's contact
    /// method.
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - cipClient: The `CognitoIdentityProviderClient` to use.
    ///   - clientId: The application client ID.
    ///   - userName: The user to resend a code for.
    ///
    /// - Returns: `true` if a new code was sent successfully, otherwise
    ///   `false`.
    func resendConfirmationCode(cipClient: CognitoIdentityProviderClient, clientId: String,
                                userName: String) async -> Bool {
        do {
            let output = try await cipClient.resendConfirmationCode(
                input: ResendConfirmationCodeInput(
                    clientId: clientId,
                    username: userName
                )
            )

            guard let deliveryMedium = output.codeDeliveryDetails?.deliveryMedium else {
                print("*** Unable to get the delivery method for the resent code.")
                return false
            }

            print("=====> A new code has been sent by \(deliveryMedium)")
            return true
        } catch {
            print("*** Unable to resend the confirmation code to user \(userName).")
            return false
        }
    }

    /// Submit a confirmation code for the specified user. This is the code as
    /// entered by the user after they've received it by email or text
    /// message.
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - cipClient: The `CognitoIdentityProviderClient` to use.
    ///   - clientId: The app client ID the user is signing up for.
    ///   - userName: The username of the user whose code is being sent.
    ///   - code: The user's confirmation code.
    /// 
    /// - Returns: `true` if the code was successfully confirmed; otherwise `false`.
    func confirmSignUp(cipClient: CognitoIdentityProviderClient, clientId: String,
                       userName: String, code: String) async -> Bool {
        do {
            _ = try await cipClient.confirmSignUp(
                input: ConfirmSignUpInput(
                    clientId: clientId,
                    confirmationCode: code,
                    username: userName
                )
            )

            print("=====> \(userName) has been confirmed.")
            return true
        } catch {
            print("=====> \(userName)'s code was entered incorrectly.")
            return false
        }
    }

    /// Begin an authentication session.
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - cipClient: The `CongitoIdentityProviderClient` to use.
    ///   - clientId: The app client ID to use.
    ///   - userName: The username to check.
    ///   - password: The user's password.
    ///   - userPoolId: The user pool to use.
    ///
    /// - Returns: The session token associated with this authentication
    ///   session.
    func initiateAuth(cipClient: CognitoIdentityProviderClient, clientId: String,
                         userName: String, password: String,
                         userPoolId: String) async -> String? {
        var authParams: [String: String] = [:]

        authParams["USERNAME"] = userName
        authParams["PASSWORD"] = password

        do {
            let output = try await cipClient.adminInitiateAuth(
                input: AdminInitiateAuthInput(
                    authFlow: CognitoIdentityProviderClientTypes.AuthFlowType.adminUserPasswordAuth,
                    authParameters: authParams,
                    clientId: clientId,
                    userPoolId: userPoolId
                )
            )

            guard let challengeName = output.challengeName else {
                print("*** Invalid response from the auth service.")
                return nil
            }

            print("=====> Response challenge is \(challengeName)")

            return output.session
        } catch _ as UserNotFoundException {
            print("*** The specified username, \(userName), doesn't exist.")
            return nil
        } catch _ as UserNotConfirmedException {
            print("*** The user \(userName) has not been confirmed.")
            return nil
        } catch {
            print("*** An unexpected error occurred.")
            return nil
        }
    }

    /// Request and display an MFA secret token that the user should enter
    /// into their authenticator to set it up for the user account.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - cipClient: The `CognitoIdentityProviderClient` to use.
    ///   - authSession: The authentication session to request an MFA secret
    ///     for.
    ///
    /// - Returns: A string containing the MFA secret token that should be
    ///   entered into the authenticator software.
    func getSecretForAppMFA(cipClient: CognitoIdentityProviderClient, authSession: String?) async -> String? {
        do {
            let output = try await cipClient.associateSoftwareToken(
                input: AssociateSoftwareTokenInput(
                    session: authSession
                )
            )

            guard let secretCode = output.secretCode else {
                print("*** Unable to get the secret code")
                return nil
            }

            print("=====> Enter this token into Google Authenticator: \(secretCode)")
            return output.session
        } catch _ as SoftwareTokenMFANotFoundException {
            print("*** The specified user pool isn't configured for MFA.")
            return nil
        } catch {
            print("*** An unexpected error occurred getting the secret for the app's MFA.")
            return nil
        }
    }

    /// Confirm that the user's TOTP authenticator is configured correctly by
    /// sending a code to it to check that it matches successfully.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - cipClient: The `CongnitoIdentityProviderClient` to use.
    ///   - session: An authentication session previously returned by an
    ///     `associateSoftwareToken()` call.
    ///   - mfaCode: The 6-digit code currently displayed by the user's
    ///     authenticator, as provided by the user.
    func verifyTOTP(cipClient: CognitoIdentityProviderClient, session: String?, mfaCode: String?) async {
        do {
            let output = try await cipClient.verifySoftwareToken(
                input: VerifySoftwareTokenInput(
                    session: session,
                    userCode: mfaCode
                )
            )

            guard let tokenStatus = output.status else {
                print("*** Unable to get the token's status.")
                return
            }
            print("=====> The token's status is: \(tokenStatus)")
        } catch _ as SoftwareTokenMFANotFoundException {
            print("*** The specified user pool isn't configured for MFA.")
            return
        } catch _ as CodeMismatchException {
            print("*** The specified MFA code doesn't match the expected value.")
            return
        } catch _ as UserNotFoundException {
            print("*** The specified username doesn't exist.")
            return
        } catch _ as UserNotConfirmedException {
            print("*** The user has not been confirmed.")
            return
        } catch {
            print("*** Error verifying the MFA token!")
            return
        }
    }

    /// Respond to the authentication challenge received from Cognito after
    /// initiating an authentication session. This involves sending a current
    /// MFA code to the service.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - cipClient: The `CognitoIdentityProviderClient` to use.
    ///   - userName: The user's username.
    ///   - clientId: The app client ID.
    ///   - userPoolId: The user pool to sign into.
    ///   - mfaCode: The 6-digit MFA code currently displayed by the user's
    ///     authenticator.
    ///   - session: The authentication session to continue processing.
    func adminRespondToAuthChallenge(cipClient: CognitoIdentityProviderClient, userName: String,
                                     clientId: String, userPoolId: String, mfaCode: String,
                                     session: String) async {
        print("=====> SOFTWARE_TOKEN_MFA challenge is generated...")

        var challengeResponsesOb: [String: String] = [:]
        challengeResponsesOb["USERNAME"] = userName
        challengeResponsesOb["SOFTWARE_TOKEN_MFA_CODE"] = mfaCode

        do {
            let output = try await cipClient.adminRespondToAuthChallenge(
                input: AdminRespondToAuthChallengeInput(
                    challengeName: CognitoIdentityProviderClientTypes.ChallengeNameType.softwareTokenMfa,
                    challengeResponses: challengeResponsesOb,
                    clientId: clientId,
                    session: session,
                    userPoolId: userPoolId
                )
            )

            guard let authenticationResult = output.authenticationResult else {
                print("*** Unable to get authentication result.")
                return
            }

            print("=====> Authentication result (JWTs are redacted):")
            print(authenticationResult)
        } catch _ as SoftwareTokenMFANotFoundException {
            print("*** The specified user pool isn't configured for MFA.")
            return
        } catch _ as CodeMismatchException {
            print("*** The specified MFA code doesn't match the expected value.")
            return
        } catch _ as UserNotFoundException {
            print("*** The specified username, \(userName), doesn't exist.")
            return
        } catch _ as UserNotConfirmedException {
            print("*** The user \(userName) has not been confirmed.")
            return
        } catch let error as NotAuthorizedException {
            print("*** Unauthorized access. Reason: \(error.properties.message ?? "<unknown>")")
        } catch {
            print("*** Error responding to the MFA challenge.")
            return
        }
    }

    /// Called by ``main()`` to run the bulk of the example.
    func runAsync() async throws {
        let config = try await CognitoIdentityProviderClient.CognitoIdentityProviderClientConfiguration(region: region)
        let cipClient = CognitoIdentityProviderClient(config: config)

        print("""
              This example collects information about a user, then creates that user in the
              specified user pool. Then, it enables Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) for that
              user by associating an authenticator application (such as Google Authenticator
              or a password manager that supports TOTP). Then, the user uses a code from their
              authenticator application to sign in.

              """)

        let userName = stringRequest("Please enter a new username: ")
        let password = stringRequest("Enter a password: ")
        let email = stringRequest("Enter your email address: ", minLength: 5)

        // Submit the sign-up request to AWS.

        print("==> Signing up user \(userName)...")
        if await signUp(cipClient: cipClient, clientId: clientId,
                        userName: userName, password: password,
                        email: email) == false {
            return
        }

        // Check the user's status. This time, it should come back "unconfirmed".

        print("==> Getting the status of user \(userName) from the user pool (should be 'unconfirmed')...")
        if await adminGetUser(cipClient: cipClient, userName: userName, userPoolId: poolId) == false {
            return
        }

        // Ask the user if they want a replacement code sent, such as if the
        // code hasn't arrived yet. If the user responds with a "yes," send a
        // new code.

        if yesNoRequest("==> A confirmation code was sent to \(userName). Would you like to send a new code (Y/N)? ") {
            print("==> Sending a new confirmation code...")
            if await resendConfirmationCode(cipClient: cipClient, clientId: clientId, userName: userName) == false {
                return
            }
        }

        // Ask the user to enter the confirmation code, then send it to Amazon
        // Cognito to verify it.

        let code = stringRequest("==> Enter the confirmation code sent to \(userName): ")
        if await confirmSignUp(cipClient: cipClient, clientId: clientId, userName: userName, code: code) == false {
            // The code didn't match. Your application may wish to offer to
            // re-send the confirmation code here and try again.
            return
        }

        // Check the user's status again. This time it should come back
        // "confirmed".

        print("==> Rechecking status of user \(userName) in the user pool (should be 'confirmed')...")
        if await adminGetUser(cipClient: cipClient, userName: userName, userPoolId: poolId) == false {
            return
        }
        // Check the challenge mode. Here, it should be "mfaSetup", indicating
        // that the user needs to add MFA before using it. This returns a
        // session that can be used to register MFA, or nil if an error occurs.

        let authSession = await initiateAuth(cipClient: cipClient, clientId: clientId,
                                                userName: userName, password: password,
                                                userPoolId: poolId)
        if authSession == nil {
            return
        }

        // Ask Cognito for an MFA secret token that the user should enter into
        // their authenticator software (such as Google Authenticator) or
        // password manager to configure it for this user account. This
        // returns a new session that should be used for the new stage of the
        // authentication process.

        let newSession = await getSecretForAppMFA(cipClient: cipClient, authSession: authSession)
        if newSession == nil {
            return
        }

        // Ask the user to enter the current 6-digit code displayed by their
        // authenticator. Then verify that it matches the value expected for
        // the session.

        let mfaCode1 = stringRequest("==> Enter the 6-digit code displayed in your authenticator: ",
                                    minLength: 6)
        await verifyTOTP(cipClient: cipClient, session: newSession, mfaCode: mfaCode1)

        // Ask the user to authenticate now that the authenticator has been
        // configured. This creates a new session using the user's username
        // and password as already entered.

        print("\nNow starting the sign-in process for user \(userName)...\n")
        
        let session2 = await initiateAuth(cipClient: cipClient, clientId: clientId,
                                    userName: userName, password: password, userPoolId: poolId)
        guard let session2 else {
            return
        }

        // Now that we have a new auth session, `session2`, ask the user for a
        // new 6-digit code from their authenticator, and send it to the auth
        // session.

        let mfaCode2 = stringRequest("==> Wait for your authenticator to show a new 6-digit code, then enter it: ",
                                    minLength: 6)
        await adminRespondToAuthChallenge(cipClient: cipClient, userName: userName,
                                          clientId: clientId, userPoolId: poolId,
                                          mfaCode: mfaCode2, session: session2)
    }
}

/// The program's asynchronous entry point.
@main
struct Main {
    static func main() async {
        let args = Array(CommandLine.arguments.dropFirst())

        do {
            let command = try ExampleCommand.parse(args)
            try await command.runAsync()
        } catch {
            ExampleCommand.exit(withError: error)
        }
    }    
}
```
+ For API details, see the following topics in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*.
  + [AdminGetUser](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awscognitoidentityprovider/latest/documentation/awscognitoidentityprovider/cognitoidentityproviderclient/admingetuser(input:))
  + [AdminInitiateAuth](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awscognitoidentityprovider/latest/documentation/awscognitoidentityprovider/cognitoidentityproviderclient/admininitiateauth(input:))
  + [AdminRespondToAuthChallenge](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awscognitoidentityprovider/latest/documentation/awscognitoidentityprovider/cognitoidentityproviderclient/adminrespondtoauthchallenge(input:))
  + [AssociateSoftwareToken](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awscognitoidentityprovider/latest/documentation/awscognitoidentityprovider/cognitoidentityproviderclient/associatesoftwaretoken(input:))
  + [ConfirmDevice](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awscognitoidentityprovider/latest/documentation/awscognitoidentityprovider/cognitoidentityproviderclient/confirmdevice(input:))
  + [ConfirmSignUp](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awscognitoidentityprovider/latest/documentation/awscognitoidentityprovider/cognitoidentityproviderclient/confirmsignup(input:))
  + [InitiateAuth](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awscognitoidentityprovider/latest/documentation/awscognitoidentityprovider/cognitoidentityproviderclient/initiateauth(input:))
  + [ListUsers](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awscognitoidentityprovider/latest/documentation/awscognitoidentityprovider/cognitoidentityproviderclient/listusers(input:))
  + [ResendConfirmationCode](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awscognitoidentityprovider/latest/documentation/awscognitoidentityprovider/cognitoidentityproviderclient/resendconfirmationcode(input:))
  + [RespondToAuthChallenge](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awscognitoidentityprovider/latest/documentation/awscognitoidentityprovider/cognitoidentityproviderclient/respondtoauthchallenge(input:))
  + [SignUp](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awscognitoidentityprovider/latest/documentation/awscognitoidentityprovider/cognitoidentityproviderclient/signup(input:))
  + [VerifySoftwareToken](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awscognitoidentityprovider/latest/documentation/awscognitoidentityprovider/cognitoidentityproviderclient/verifysoftwaretoken(input:))

# DynamoDB examples using SDK for Swift
DynamoDB

The following code examples show you how to perform actions and implement common scenarios by using the AWS SDK for Swift with DynamoDB.

*Basics* are code examples that show you how to perform the essential operations within a service.

*Actions* are code excerpts from larger programs and must be run in context. While actions show you how to call individual service functions, you can see actions in context in their related scenarios.

Each example includes a link to the complete source code, where you can find instructions on how to set up and run the code in context.

**Topics**
+ [Basics](#basics)
+ [Actions](#actions)

## Basics
Basics

### Learn the basics
Learn the basics

The following code example shows how to:
+ Create a table that can hold movie data.
+ Put, get, and update a single movie in the table.
+ Write movie data to the table from a sample JSON file.
+ Query for movies that were released in a given year.
+ Scan for movies that were released in a range of years.
+ Delete a movie from the table, then delete the table.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/dynamodb#code-examples). 
A Swift class that handles DynamoDB calls to the SDK for Swift.  

```
import AWSDynamoDB
import Foundation

/// An enumeration of error codes representing issues that can arise when using
/// the `MovieTable` class.
enum MoviesError: Error {
    /// The specified table wasn't found or couldn't be created.
    case TableNotFound
    /// The specified item wasn't found or couldn't be created.
    case ItemNotFound
    /// The Amazon DynamoDB client is not properly initialized.
    case UninitializedClient
    /// The table status reported by Amazon DynamoDB is not recognized.
    case StatusUnknown
    /// One or more specified attribute values are invalid or missing.
    case InvalidAttributes
}

/// A class representing an Amazon DynamoDB table containing movie
/// information.
public class MovieTable {
    var ddbClient: DynamoDBClient?
    let tableName: String

    /// Create an object representing a movie table in an Amazon DynamoDB
    /// database.
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - region: The optional Amazon Region to create the database in.
    ///   - tableName: The name to assign to the table. If not specified, a
    ///     random table name is generated automatically.
    ///
    /// > Note: The table is not necessarily available when this function
    /// returns. Use `tableExists()` to check for its availability, or
    /// `awaitTableActive()` to wait until the table's status is reported as
    /// ready to use by Amazon DynamoDB.
    ///
    init(region: String? = nil, tableName: String) async throws {
        do {
            let config = try await DynamoDBClient.DynamoDBClientConfiguration()
            if let region = region {
                config.region = region
            }

            self.ddbClient = DynamoDBClient(config: config)
            self.tableName = tableName

            try await self.createTable()
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: ", dump(error, name: "Initializing Amazon DynamoDBClient client"))
            throw error
        }
    }

    ///
    /// Create a movie table in the Amazon DynamoDB data store.
    ///
    private func createTable() async throws {
        do {
            guard let client = self.ddbClient else {
                throw MoviesError.UninitializedClient
            }

            let input = CreateTableInput(
                attributeDefinitions: [
                    DynamoDBClientTypes.AttributeDefinition(attributeName: "year", attributeType: .n),
                    DynamoDBClientTypes.AttributeDefinition(attributeName: "title", attributeType: .s)
                ],
                billingMode: DynamoDBClientTypes.BillingMode.payPerRequest,
                keySchema: [
                    DynamoDBClientTypes.KeySchemaElement(attributeName: "year", keyType: .hash),
                    DynamoDBClientTypes.KeySchemaElement(attributeName: "title", keyType: .range)
                ],
                tableName: self.tableName
            )
            let output = try await client.createTable(input: input)
            if output.tableDescription == nil {
                throw MoviesError.TableNotFound
            }
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: createTable:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
    }


    /// Check to see if the table exists online yet.
    ///
    /// - Returns: `true` if the table exists, or `false` if not.
    ///
    func tableExists() async throws -> Bool {
        do {
            guard let client = self.ddbClient else {
                throw MoviesError.UninitializedClient
            }

            let input = DescribeTableInput(
                tableName: tableName
            )
            let output = try await client.describeTable(input: input)
            guard let description = output.table else {
                throw MoviesError.TableNotFound
            }

            return description.tableName == self.tableName
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: tableExists:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
    }


    ///
    /// Waits for the table to exist and for its status to be active.
    ///
    func awaitTableActive() async throws {
        while try (await self.tableExists() == false) {
            do {
                let duration = UInt64(0.25 * 1_000_000_000) // Convert .25 seconds to nanoseconds.
                try await Task.sleep(nanoseconds: duration)
            } catch {
                print("Sleep error:", dump(error))
            }
        }

        while try (await self.getTableStatus() != .active) {
            do {
                let duration = UInt64(0.25 * 1_000_000_000) // Convert .25 seconds to nanoseconds.
                try await Task.sleep(nanoseconds: duration)
            } catch {
                print("Sleep error:", dump(error))
            }
        }
    }


    ///
    /// Deletes the table from Amazon DynamoDB.
    ///
    func deleteTable() async throws {
        do {
            guard let client = self.ddbClient else {
                throw MoviesError.UninitializedClient
            }

            let input = DeleteTableInput(
                tableName: self.tableName
            )
            _ = try await client.deleteTable(input: input)
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: deleteTable:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
    }


    /// Get the table's status.
    ///
    /// - Returns: The table status, as defined by the
    ///   `DynamoDBClientTypes.TableStatus` enum.
    ///
    func getTableStatus() async throws -> DynamoDBClientTypes.TableStatus {
        do {
            guard let client = self.ddbClient else {
                throw MoviesError.UninitializedClient
            }

            let input = DescribeTableInput(
                tableName: self.tableName
            )
            let output = try await client.describeTable(input: input)
            guard let description = output.table else {
                throw MoviesError.TableNotFound
            }
            guard let status = description.tableStatus else {
                throw MoviesError.StatusUnknown
            }
            return status
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: getTableStatus:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
    }


    /// Populate the movie database from the specified JSON file.
    ///
    /// - Parameter jsonPath: Path to a JSON file containing movie data.
    ///
    func populate(jsonPath: String) async throws {
        do {
            guard let client = self.ddbClient else {
                throw MoviesError.UninitializedClient
            }

            // Create a Swift `URL` and use it to load the file into a `Data`
            // object. Then decode the JSON into an array of `Movie` objects.

            let fileUrl = URL(fileURLWithPath: jsonPath)
            let jsonData = try Data(contentsOf: fileUrl)

            var movieList = try JSONDecoder().decode([Movie].self, from: jsonData)

            // Truncate the list to the first 200 entries or so for this example.

            if movieList.count > 200 {
                movieList = Array(movieList[...199])
            }

            // Before sending records to the database, break the movie list into
            // 25-entry chunks, which is the maximum size of a batch item request.

            let count = movieList.count
            let chunks = stride(from: 0, to: count, by: 25).map {
                Array(movieList[$0 ..< Swift.min($0 + 25, count)])
            }

            // For each chunk, create a list of write request records and populate
            // them with `PutRequest` requests, each specifying one movie from the
            // chunk. Once the chunk's items are all in the `PutRequest` list,
            // send them to Amazon DynamoDB using the
            // `DynamoDBClient.batchWriteItem()` function.

            for chunk in chunks {
                var requestList: [DynamoDBClientTypes.WriteRequest] = []

                for movie in chunk {
                    let item = try await movie.getAsItem()
                    let request = DynamoDBClientTypes.WriteRequest(
                        putRequest: .init(
                            item: item
                        )
                    )
                    requestList.append(request)
                }

                let input = BatchWriteItemInput(requestItems: [tableName: requestList])
                _ = try await client.batchWriteItem(input: input)
            }
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: populate:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
    }


    /// Add a movie specified as a `Movie` structure to the Amazon DynamoDB
    /// table.
    ///
    /// - Parameter movie: The `Movie` to add to the table.
    ///
    func add(movie: Movie) async throws {
        do {
            guard let client = self.ddbClient else {
                throw MoviesError.UninitializedClient
            }

            // Get a DynamoDB item containing the movie data.
            let item = try await movie.getAsItem()

            // Send the `PutItem` request to Amazon DynamoDB.

            let input = PutItemInput(
                item: item,
                tableName: self.tableName
            )
            _ = try await client.putItem(input: input)
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: add movie:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
    }


    /// Given a movie's details, add a movie to the Amazon DynamoDB table.
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - title: The movie's title as a `String`.
    ///   - year: The release year of the movie (`Int`).
    ///   - rating: The movie's rating if available (`Double`; default is
    ///     `nil`).
    ///   - plot: A summary of the movie's plot (`String`; default is `nil`,
    ///     indicating no plot summary is available).
    ///
    func add(title: String, year: Int, rating: Double? = nil,
             plot: String? = nil) async throws
    {
        do {
            let movie = Movie(title: title, year: year, rating: rating, plot: plot)
            try await self.add(movie: movie)
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: add with fields:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
    }


    /// Return a `Movie` record describing the specified movie from the Amazon
    /// DynamoDB table.
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - title: The movie's title (`String`).
    ///   - year: The movie's release year (`Int`).
    ///
    /// - Throws: `MoviesError.ItemNotFound` if the movie isn't in the table.
    ///
    /// - Returns: A `Movie` record with the movie's details.
    func get(title: String, year: Int) async throws -> Movie {
        do {
            guard let client = self.ddbClient else {
                throw MoviesError.UninitializedClient
            }

            let input = GetItemInput(
                key: [
                    "year": .n(String(year)),
                    "title": .s(title)
                ],
                tableName: self.tableName
            )
            let output = try await client.getItem(input: input)
            guard let item = output.item else {
                throw MoviesError.ItemNotFound
            }

            let movie = try Movie(withItem: item)
            return movie
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: get:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
    }


    /// Get all the movies released in the specified year.
    ///
    /// - Parameter year: The release year of the movies to return.
    ///
    /// - Returns: An array of `Movie` objects describing each matching movie.
    ///
    func getMovies(fromYear year: Int) async throws -> [Movie] {
        do {
            guard let client = self.ddbClient else {
                throw MoviesError.UninitializedClient
            }

            let input = QueryInput(
                expressionAttributeNames: [
                    "#y": "year"
                ],
                expressionAttributeValues: [
                    ":y": .n(String(year))
                ],
                keyConditionExpression: "#y = :y",
                tableName: self.tableName
            )
            // Use "Paginated" to get all the movies.
            // This lets the SDK handle the 'lastEvaluatedKey' property in "QueryOutput".

            let pages = client.queryPaginated(input: input)

            var movieList: [Movie] = []
            for try await page in pages {
                guard let items = page.items else {
                    print("Error: no items returned.")
                    continue
                }

                // Convert the found movies into `Movie` objects and return an array
                // of them.

                for item in items {
                    let movie = try Movie(withItem: item)
                    movieList.append(movie)
                }
            }
            return movieList
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: getMovies:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
    }


    /// Return an array of `Movie` objects released in the specified range of
    /// years.
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - firstYear: The first year of movies to return.
    ///   - lastYear: The last year of movies to return.
    ///   - startKey: A starting point to resume processing; always use `nil`.
    ///
    /// - Returns: An array of `Movie` objects describing the matching movies.
    ///
    /// > Note: The `startKey` parameter is used by this function when
    ///   recursively calling itself, and should always be `nil` when calling
    ///   directly.
    ///
    func getMovies(firstYear: Int, lastYear: Int,
                   startKey: [Swift.String: DynamoDBClientTypes.AttributeValue]? = nil)
        async throws -> [Movie]
    {
        do {
            var movieList: [Movie] = []

            guard let client = self.ddbClient else {
                throw MoviesError.UninitializedClient
            }

            let input = ScanInput(
                consistentRead: true,
                exclusiveStartKey: startKey,
                expressionAttributeNames: [
                    "#y": "year" // `year` is a reserved word, so use `#y` instead.
                ],
                expressionAttributeValues: [
                    ":y1": .n(String(firstYear)),
                    ":y2": .n(String(lastYear))
                ],
                filterExpression: "#y BETWEEN :y1 AND :y2",
                tableName: self.tableName
            )

            let pages = client.scanPaginated(input: input)

            for try await page in pages {
                guard let items = page.items else {
                    print("Error: no items returned.")
                    continue
                }

                // Build an array of `Movie` objects for the returned items.

                for item in items {
                    let movie = try Movie(withItem: item)
                    movieList.append(movie)
                }
            }
            return movieList

        } catch {
            print("ERROR: getMovies with scan:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
    }


    /// Update the specified movie with new `rating` and `plot` information.
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - title: The title of the movie to update.
    ///   - year: The release year of the movie to update.
    ///   - rating: The new rating for the movie.
    ///   - plot: The new plot summary string for the movie.
    ///
    /// - Returns: An array of mappings of attribute names to their new
    ///   listing each item actually changed. Items that didn't need to change
    ///   aren't included in this list. `nil` if no changes were made.
    ///
    func update(title: String, year: Int, rating: Double? = nil, plot: String? = nil) async throws
        -> [Swift.String: DynamoDBClientTypes.AttributeValue]?
    {
        do {
            guard let client = self.ddbClient else {
                throw MoviesError.UninitializedClient
            }

            // Build the update expression and the list of expression attribute
            // values. Include only the information that's changed.

            var expressionParts: [String] = []
            var attrValues: [Swift.String: DynamoDBClientTypes.AttributeValue] = [:]

            if rating != nil {
                expressionParts.append("info.rating=:r")
                attrValues[":r"] = .n(String(rating!))
            }
            if plot != nil {
                expressionParts.append("info.plot=:p")
                attrValues[":p"] = .s(plot!)
            }
            let expression = "set \(expressionParts.joined(separator: ", "))"

            let input = UpdateItemInput(
                // Create substitution tokens for the attribute values, to ensure
                // no conflicts in expression syntax.
                expressionAttributeValues: attrValues,
                // The key identifying the movie to update consists of the release
                // year and title.
                key: [
                    "year": .n(String(year)),
                    "title": .s(title)
                ],
                returnValues: .updatedNew,
                tableName: self.tableName,
                updateExpression: expression
            )
            let output = try await client.updateItem(input: input)

            guard let attributes: [Swift.String: DynamoDBClientTypes.AttributeValue] = output.attributes else {
                throw MoviesError.InvalidAttributes
            }
            return attributes
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: update:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
    }


    /// Delete a movie, given its title and release year.
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - title: The movie's title.
    ///   - year: The movie's release year.
    ///
    func delete(title: String, year: Int) async throws {
        do {
            guard let client = self.ddbClient else {
                throw MoviesError.UninitializedClient
            }

            let input = DeleteItemInput(
                key: [
                    "year": .n(String(year)),
                    "title": .s(title)
                ],
                tableName: self.tableName
            )
            _ = try await client.deleteItem(input: input)
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: delete:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
    }
}
```
The structures used by the MovieTable class to represent movies.  

```
import Foundation
import AWSDynamoDB

/// The optional details about a movie.
public struct Details: Codable {
    /// The movie's rating, if available.
    var rating: Double?
    /// The movie's plot, if available.
    var plot: String?
}

/// A structure describing a movie. The `year` and `title` properties are
/// required and are used as the key for Amazon DynamoDB operations. The
/// `info` sub-structure's two properties, `rating` and `plot`, are optional.
public struct Movie: Codable {
    /// The year in which the movie was released.
    var year: Int
    /// The movie's title.
    var title: String
    /// A `Details` object providing the optional movie rating and plot
    /// information.
    var info: Details

    /// Create a `Movie` object representing a movie, given the movie's
    /// details.
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - title: The movie's title (`String`).
    ///   - year: The year in which the movie was released (`Int`).
    ///   - rating: The movie's rating (optional `Double`).
    ///   - plot: The movie's plot (optional `String`)
    init(title: String, year: Int, rating: Double? = nil, plot: String? = nil) {
        self.title = title
        self.year = year

        self.info = Details(rating: rating, plot: plot)
    }

    /// Create a `Movie` object representing a movie, given the movie's
    /// details.
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - title: The movie's title (`String`).
    ///   - year: The year in which the movie was released (`Int`).
    ///   - info: The optional rating and plot information for the movie in a
    ///     `Details` object.
    init(title: String, year: Int, info: Details?){
        self.title = title
        self.year = year

        if info != nil {
            self.info = info!
        } else {
            self.info = Details(rating: nil, plot: nil)
        }
    }

    ///
    /// Return a new `MovieTable` object, given an array mapping string to Amazon
    /// DynamoDB attribute values.
    /// 
    /// - Parameter item: The item information provided to the form used by
    ///   DynamoDB. This is an array of strings mapped to
    ///   `DynamoDBClientTypes.AttributeValue` values.
    init(withItem item: [Swift.String:DynamoDBClientTypes.AttributeValue]) throws  {
        // Read the attributes.

        guard let titleAttr = item["title"],
              let yearAttr = item["year"] else {
            throw MoviesError.ItemNotFound
        }
        let infoAttr = item["info"] ?? nil

        // Extract the values of the title and year attributes.

        if case .s(let titleVal) = titleAttr {
            self.title = titleVal
        } else {
            throw MoviesError.InvalidAttributes
        }

        if case .n(let yearVal) = yearAttr {
            self.year = Int(yearVal)!
        } else {
            throw MoviesError.InvalidAttributes
        }

        // Extract the rating and/or plot from the `info` attribute, if
        // they're present.

        var rating: Double? = nil
        var plot: String? = nil

        if infoAttr != nil, case .m(let infoVal) = infoAttr {
            let ratingAttr = infoVal["rating"] ?? nil
            let plotAttr = infoVal["plot"] ?? nil

            if ratingAttr != nil, case .n(let ratingVal) = ratingAttr {
                rating = Double(ratingVal) ?? nil
            }
            if plotAttr != nil, case .s(let plotVal) = plotAttr {
                plot = plotVal
            }
        }

        self.info = Details(rating: rating, plot: plot)
    }

    ///
    /// Return an array mapping attribute names to Amazon DynamoDB attribute
    /// values, representing the contents of the `Movie` record as a DynamoDB
    /// item.
    ///
    /// - Returns: The movie item as an array of type
    ///   `[Swift.String:DynamoDBClientTypes.AttributeValue]`.
    ///
    func getAsItem() async throws -> [Swift.String:DynamoDBClientTypes.AttributeValue]  {
        // Build the item record, starting with the year and title, which are
        // always present.

        var item: [Swift.String:DynamoDBClientTypes.AttributeValue] = [
            "year": .n(String(self.year)),
            "title": .s(self.title)
        ]

        // Add the `info` field with the rating and/or plot if they're
        // available.

        var details: [Swift.String:DynamoDBClientTypes.AttributeValue] = [:]
        if (self.info.rating != nil || self.info.plot != nil) {
            if self.info.rating != nil {
                details["rating"] = .n(String(self.info.rating!))
            }
            if self.info.plot != nil {
                details["plot"] = .s(self.info.plot!)
            }
        }
        item["info"] = .m(details)

        return item
    }
 }
```
A program that uses the MovieTable class to access a DynamoDB database.  

```
import ArgumentParser
import ClientRuntime
import Foundation

import AWSDynamoDB


@testable import MovieList

extension String {
    // Get the directory if the string is a file path.
    func directory() -> String {
        guard let lastIndex = lastIndex(of: "/") else {
            print("Error: String directory separator not found.")
            return ""
        }
        return String(self[...lastIndex])
    }
}

struct ExampleCommand: ParsableCommand {
    @Argument(help: "The path of the sample movie data JSON file.")
    var jsonPath: String = #file.directory() + "../../../../../resources/sample_files/movies.json"

    @Option(help: "The AWS Region to run AWS API calls in.")
    var awsRegion: String?

    @Option(
        help: ArgumentHelp("The level of logging for the Swift SDK to perform."),
        completion: .list([
            "critical",
            "debug",
            "error",
            "info",
            "notice",
            "trace",
            "warning"
        ])
    )
    var logLevel: String = "error"

    /// Configuration details for the command.
    static var configuration = CommandConfiguration(
        commandName: "basics",
        abstract: "A basic scenario demonstrating the usage of Amazon DynamoDB.",
        discussion: """
        An example showing how to use Amazon DynamoDB to perform a series of
        common database activities on a simple movie database.
        """
    )

    /// Called by ``main()`` to asynchronously run the AWS example.
    func runAsync() async throws {
        print("Welcome to the AWS SDK for Swift basic scenario for Amazon DynamoDB!")

        //=====================================================================
        // 1. Create the table. The Amazon DynamoDB table is represented by
        //    the `MovieTable` class.
        //=====================================================================

        let tableName = "ddb-movies-sample-\(Int.random(in: 1 ... Int.max))"

        print("Creating table \"\(tableName)\"...")

        let movieDatabase = try await MovieTable(region: awsRegion,
                                                 tableName: tableName)

        print("\nWaiting for table to be ready to use...")
        try await movieDatabase.awaitTableActive()

        //=====================================================================
        // 2. Add a movie to the table.
        //=====================================================================

        print("\nAdding a movie...")
        try await movieDatabase.add(title: "Avatar: The Way of Water", year: 2022)
        try await movieDatabase.add(title: "Not a Real Movie", year: 2023)

        //=====================================================================
        // 3. Update the plot and rating of the movie using an update
        //    expression.
        //=====================================================================

        print("\nAdding details to the added movie...")
        _ = try await movieDatabase.update(title: "Avatar: The Way of Water", year: 2022,
                                           rating: 9.2, plot: "It's a sequel.")

        //=====================================================================
        // 4. Populate the table from the JSON file.
        //=====================================================================

        print("\nPopulating the movie database from JSON...")
        try await movieDatabase.populate(jsonPath: jsonPath)

        //=====================================================================
        // 5. Get a specific movie by key. In this example, the key is a
        //    combination of `title` and `year`.
        //=====================================================================

        print("\nLooking for a movie in the table...")
        let gotMovie = try await movieDatabase.get(title: "This Is the End", year: 2013)

        print("Found the movie \"\(gotMovie.title)\", released in \(gotMovie.year).")
        print("Rating: \(gotMovie.info.rating ?? 0.0).")
        print("Plot summary: \(gotMovie.info.plot ?? "None.")")

        //=====================================================================
        // 6. Delete a movie.
        //=====================================================================

        print("\nDeleting the added movie...")
        try await movieDatabase.delete(title: "Avatar: The Way of Water", year: 2022)

        //=====================================================================
        // 7. Use a query with a key condition expression to return all movies
        //    released in a given year.
        //=====================================================================

        print("\nGetting movies released in 1994...")
        let movieList = try await movieDatabase.getMovies(fromYear: 1994)
        for movie in movieList {
            print("    \(movie.title)")
        }

        //=====================================================================
        // 8. Use `scan()` to return movies released in a range of years.
        //=====================================================================

        print("\nGetting movies released between 1993 and 1997...")
        let scannedMovies = try await movieDatabase.getMovies(firstYear: 1993, lastYear: 1997)
        for movie in scannedMovies {
            print("    \(movie.title) (\(movie.year))")
        }

        //=====================================================================
        // 9. Delete the table.
        //=====================================================================

        print("\nDeleting the table...")
        try await movieDatabase.deleteTable()
    }
}

@main
struct Main {
    static func main() async {
        let args = Array(CommandLine.arguments.dropFirst())

        do {
            let command = try ExampleCommand.parse(args)
            try await command.runAsync()
        } catch {
            ExampleCommand.exit(withError: error)
        }
    }
}
```
+ For API details, see the following topics in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*.
  + [BatchWriteItem](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsdynamodb/latest/documentation/awsdynamodb/dynamodbclient/batchwriteitem(input:))
  + [CreateTable](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsdynamodb/latest/documentation/awsdynamodb/dynamodbclient/createtable(input:))
  + [DeleteItem](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsdynamodb/latest/documentation/awsdynamodb/dynamodbclient/deleteitem(input:))
  + [DeleteTable](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsdynamodb/latest/documentation/awsdynamodb/dynamodbclient/deletetable(input:))
  + [DescribeTable](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsdynamodb/latest/documentation/awsdynamodb/dynamodbclient/describetable(input:))
  + [GetItem](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsdynamodb/latest/documentation/awsdynamodb/dynamodbclient/getitem(input:))
  + [PutItem](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsdynamodb/latest/documentation/awsdynamodb/dynamodbclient/putitem(input:))
  + [Query](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsdynamodb/latest/documentation/awsdynamodb/dynamodbclient/query(input:))
  + [Scan](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsdynamodb/latest/documentation/awsdynamodb/dynamodbclient/scan(input:))
  + [UpdateItem](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsdynamodb/latest/documentation/awsdynamodb/dynamodbclient/updateitem(input:))

## Actions
Actions

### `BatchGetItem`
`BatchGetItem`

The following code example shows how to use `BatchGetItem`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/dynamodb#code-examples). 

```
import AWSDynamoDB


    /// Gets an array of `Movie` objects describing all the movies in the
    /// specified list. Any movies that aren't found in the list have no
    /// corresponding entry in the resulting array.
    ///
    /// - Parameters
    ///     - keys: An array of tuples, each of which specifies the title and
    ///       release year of a movie to fetch from the table.
    ///
    /// - Returns:
    ///     - An array of `Movie` objects describing each match found in the
    ///     table.
    ///
    /// - Throws:
    ///     - `MovieError.ClientUninitialized` if the DynamoDB client has not
    ///     been initialized.
    ///     - DynamoDB errors are thrown without change.
    func batchGet(keys: [(title: String, year: Int)]) async throws -> [Movie] {
        do {
            guard let client = self.ddbClient else {
                throw MovieError.ClientUninitialized
            }
            
            var movieList: [Movie] = []
            var keyItems: [[Swift.String: DynamoDBClientTypes.AttributeValue]] = []
            
            // Convert the list of keys into the form used by DynamoDB.
            
            for key in keys {
                let item: [Swift.String: DynamoDBClientTypes.AttributeValue] = [
                    "title": .s(key.title),
                    "year": .n(String(key.year))
                ]
                keyItems.append(item)
            }
            
            // Create the input record for `batchGetItem()`. The list of requested
            // items is in the `requestItems` property. This array contains one
            // entry for each table from which items are to be fetched. In this
            // example, there's only one table containing the movie data.
            //
            // If we wanted this program to also support searching for matches
            // in a table of book data, we could add a second `requestItem`
            // mapping the name of the book table to the list of items we want to
            // find in it.
            let input = BatchGetItemInput(
                requestItems: [
                    self.tableName: .init(
                        consistentRead: true,
                        keys: keyItems
                    )
                ]
            )
            
            // Fetch the matching movies from the table.
            
            let output = try await client.batchGetItem(input: input)
            
            // Get the set of responses. If there aren't any, return the empty
            // movie list.
            
            guard let responses = output.responses else {
                return movieList
            }
            
            // Get the list of matching items for the table with the name
            // `tableName`.
            
            guard let responseList = responses[self.tableName] else {
                return movieList
            }
            
            // Create `Movie` items for each of the matching movies in the table
            // and add them to the `MovieList` array.
            
            for response in responseList {
                try movieList.append(Movie(withItem: response))
            }
            
            return movieList
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: batchGet", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [BatchGetItem](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsdynamodb/latest/documentation/awsdynamodb/dynamodbclient/batchgetitem(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `BatchWriteItem`
`BatchWriteItem`

The following code example shows how to use `BatchWriteItem`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/dynamodb/#code-examples). 

```
import AWSDynamoDB


    /// Populate the movie database from the specified JSON file.
    ///
    /// - Parameter jsonPath: Path to a JSON file containing movie data.
    ///
    func populate(jsonPath: String) async throws {
        do {
            guard let client = self.ddbClient else {
                throw MoviesError.UninitializedClient
            }

            // Create a Swift `URL` and use it to load the file into a `Data`
            // object. Then decode the JSON into an array of `Movie` objects.

            let fileUrl = URL(fileURLWithPath: jsonPath)
            let jsonData = try Data(contentsOf: fileUrl)

            var movieList = try JSONDecoder().decode([Movie].self, from: jsonData)

            // Truncate the list to the first 200 entries or so for this example.

            if movieList.count > 200 {
                movieList = Array(movieList[...199])
            }

            // Before sending records to the database, break the movie list into
            // 25-entry chunks, which is the maximum size of a batch item request.

            let count = movieList.count
            let chunks = stride(from: 0, to: count, by: 25).map {
                Array(movieList[$0 ..< Swift.min($0 + 25, count)])
            }

            // For each chunk, create a list of write request records and populate
            // them with `PutRequest` requests, each specifying one movie from the
            // chunk. Once the chunk's items are all in the `PutRequest` list,
            // send them to Amazon DynamoDB using the
            // `DynamoDBClient.batchWriteItem()` function.

            for chunk in chunks {
                var requestList: [DynamoDBClientTypes.WriteRequest] = []

                for movie in chunk {
                    let item = try await movie.getAsItem()
                    let request = DynamoDBClientTypes.WriteRequest(
                        putRequest: .init(
                            item: item
                        )
                    )
                    requestList.append(request)
                }

                let input = BatchWriteItemInput(requestItems: [tableName: requestList])
                _ = try await client.batchWriteItem(input: input)
            }
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: populate:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [BatchWriteItem](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsdynamodb/latest/documentation/awsdynamodb/dynamodbclient/batchwriteitem(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `CreateTable`
`CreateTable`

The following code example shows how to use `CreateTable`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/dynamodb#code-examples). 

```
import AWSDynamoDB


    ///
    /// Create a movie table in the Amazon DynamoDB data store.
    ///
    private func createTable() async throws {
        do {
            guard let client = self.ddbClient else {
                throw MoviesError.UninitializedClient
            }

            let input = CreateTableInput(
                attributeDefinitions: [
                    DynamoDBClientTypes.AttributeDefinition(attributeName: "year", attributeType: .n),
                    DynamoDBClientTypes.AttributeDefinition(attributeName: "title", attributeType: .s)
                ],
                billingMode: DynamoDBClientTypes.BillingMode.payPerRequest,
                keySchema: [
                    DynamoDBClientTypes.KeySchemaElement(attributeName: "year", keyType: .hash),
                    DynamoDBClientTypes.KeySchemaElement(attributeName: "title", keyType: .range)
                ],
                tableName: self.tableName
            )
            let output = try await client.createTable(input: input)
            if output.tableDescription == nil {
                throw MoviesError.TableNotFound
            }
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: createTable:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [CreateTable](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsdynamodb/latest/documentation/awsdynamodb/dynamodbclient/createtable(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `DeleteItem`
`DeleteItem`

The following code example shows how to use `DeleteItem`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/dynamodb#code-examples). 

```
import AWSDynamoDB


    /// Delete a movie, given its title and release year.
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - title: The movie's title.
    ///   - year: The movie's release year.
    ///
    func delete(title: String, year: Int) async throws {
        do {
            guard let client = self.ddbClient else {
                throw MoviesError.UninitializedClient
            }

            let input = DeleteItemInput(
                key: [
                    "year": .n(String(year)),
                    "title": .s(title)
                ],
                tableName: self.tableName
            )
            _ = try await client.deleteItem(input: input)
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: delete:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [DeleteItem](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsdynamodb/latest/documentation/awsdynamodb/dynamodbclient/deleteitem(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `DeleteTable`
`DeleteTable`

The following code example shows how to use `DeleteTable`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/dynamodb#code-examples). 

```
import AWSDynamoDB


    ///
    /// Deletes the table from Amazon DynamoDB.
    ///
    func deleteTable() async throws {
        do {
            guard let client = self.ddbClient else {
                throw MoviesError.UninitializedClient
            }

            let input = DeleteTableInput(
                tableName: self.tableName
            )
            _ = try await client.deleteTable(input: input)
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: deleteTable:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [DeleteTable](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsdynamodb/latest/documentation/awsdynamodb/dynamodbclient/deletetable(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `GetItem`
`GetItem`

The following code example shows how to use `GetItem`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/dynamodb#code-examples). 

```
import AWSDynamoDB


    /// Return a `Movie` record describing the specified movie from the Amazon
    /// DynamoDB table.
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - title: The movie's title (`String`).
    ///   - year: The movie's release year (`Int`).
    ///
    /// - Throws: `MoviesError.ItemNotFound` if the movie isn't in the table.
    ///
    /// - Returns: A `Movie` record with the movie's details.
    func get(title: String, year: Int) async throws -> Movie {
        do {
            guard let client = self.ddbClient else {
                throw MoviesError.UninitializedClient
            }

            let input = GetItemInput(
                key: [
                    "year": .n(String(year)),
                    "title": .s(title)
                ],
                tableName: self.tableName
            )
            let output = try await client.getItem(input: input)
            guard let item = output.item else {
                throw MoviesError.ItemNotFound
            }

            let movie = try Movie(withItem: item)
            return movie
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: get:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [GetItem](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsdynamodb/latest/documentation/awsdynamodb/dynamodbclient/getitem(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `ListTables`
`ListTables`

The following code example shows how to use `ListTables`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/dynamodb#code-examples). 

```
import AWSDynamoDB


    /// Get a list of the DynamoDB tables available in the specified Region.
    ///
    /// - Returns: An array of strings listing all of the tables available
    ///   in the Region specified when the session was created.
    public func getTableList() async throws -> [String] {
        let input = ListTablesInput(
        )
        return try await session.listTables(input: input)
    }
```
+  For API details, see [ListTables](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsdynamodb/latest/documentation/awsdynamodb/dynamodbclient/listtables(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `PutItem`
`PutItem`

The following code example shows how to use `PutItem`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/dynamodb#code-examples). 

```
import AWSDynamoDB


    /// Add a movie specified as a `Movie` structure to the Amazon DynamoDB
    /// table.
    ///
    /// - Parameter movie: The `Movie` to add to the table.
    ///
    func add(movie: Movie) async throws {
        do {
            guard let client = self.ddbClient else {
                throw MoviesError.UninitializedClient
            }

            // Get a DynamoDB item containing the movie data.
            let item = try await movie.getAsItem()

            // Send the `PutItem` request to Amazon DynamoDB.

            let input = PutItemInput(
                item: item,
                tableName: self.tableName
            )
            _ = try await client.putItem(input: input)
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: add movie:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
    }


    ///
    /// Return an array mapping attribute names to Amazon DynamoDB attribute
    /// values, representing the contents of the `Movie` record as a DynamoDB
    /// item.
    ///
    /// - Returns: The movie item as an array of type
    ///   `[Swift.String:DynamoDBClientTypes.AttributeValue]`.
    ///
    func getAsItem() async throws -> [Swift.String:DynamoDBClientTypes.AttributeValue]  {
        // Build the item record, starting with the year and title, which are
        // always present.

        var item: [Swift.String:DynamoDBClientTypes.AttributeValue] = [
            "year": .n(String(self.year)),
            "title": .s(self.title)
        ]

        // Add the `info` field with the rating and/or plot if they're
        // available.

        var details: [Swift.String:DynamoDBClientTypes.AttributeValue] = [:]
        if (self.info.rating != nil || self.info.plot != nil) {
            if self.info.rating != nil {
                details["rating"] = .n(String(self.info.rating!))
            }
            if self.info.plot != nil {
                details["plot"] = .s(self.info.plot!)
            }
        }
        item["info"] = .m(details)

        return item
    }
```
+  For API details, see [PutItem](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsdynamodb/latest/documentation/awsdynamodb/dynamodbclient/putitem(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `Query`
`Query`

The following code example shows how to use `Query`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/dynamodb#code-examples). 

```
import AWSDynamoDB


    /// Get all the movies released in the specified year.
    ///
    /// - Parameter year: The release year of the movies to return.
    ///
    /// - Returns: An array of `Movie` objects describing each matching movie.
    ///
    func getMovies(fromYear year: Int) async throws -> [Movie] {
        do {
            guard let client = self.ddbClient else {
                throw MoviesError.UninitializedClient
            }

            let input = QueryInput(
                expressionAttributeNames: [
                    "#y": "year"
                ],
                expressionAttributeValues: [
                    ":y": .n(String(year))
                ],
                keyConditionExpression: "#y = :y",
                tableName: self.tableName
            )
            // Use "Paginated" to get all the movies.
            // This lets the SDK handle the 'lastEvaluatedKey' property in "QueryOutput".

            let pages = client.queryPaginated(input: input)

            var movieList: [Movie] = []
            for try await page in pages {
                guard let items = page.items else {
                    print("Error: no items returned.")
                    continue
                }

                // Convert the found movies into `Movie` objects and return an array
                // of them.

                for item in items {
                    let movie = try Movie(withItem: item)
                    movieList.append(movie)
                }
            }
            return movieList
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: getMovies:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [Query](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsdynamodb/latest/documentation/awsdynamodb/dynamodbclient/query(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `Scan`
`Scan`

The following code example shows how to use `Scan`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/dynamodb#code-examples). 

```
import AWSDynamoDB


    /// Return an array of `Movie` objects released in the specified range of
    /// years.
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - firstYear: The first year of movies to return.
    ///   - lastYear: The last year of movies to return.
    ///   - startKey: A starting point to resume processing; always use `nil`.
    ///
    /// - Returns: An array of `Movie` objects describing the matching movies.
    ///
    /// > Note: The `startKey` parameter is used by this function when
    ///   recursively calling itself, and should always be `nil` when calling
    ///   directly.
    ///
    func getMovies(firstYear: Int, lastYear: Int,
                   startKey: [Swift.String: DynamoDBClientTypes.AttributeValue]? = nil)
        async throws -> [Movie]
    {
        do {
            var movieList: [Movie] = []

            guard let client = self.ddbClient else {
                throw MoviesError.UninitializedClient
            }

            let input = ScanInput(
                consistentRead: true,
                exclusiveStartKey: startKey,
                expressionAttributeNames: [
                    "#y": "year" // `year` is a reserved word, so use `#y` instead.
                ],
                expressionAttributeValues: [
                    ":y1": .n(String(firstYear)),
                    ":y2": .n(String(lastYear))
                ],
                filterExpression: "#y BETWEEN :y1 AND :y2",
                tableName: self.tableName
            )

            let pages = client.scanPaginated(input: input)

            for try await page in pages {
                guard let items = page.items else {
                    print("Error: no items returned.")
                    continue
                }

                // Build an array of `Movie` objects for the returned items.

                for item in items {
                    let movie = try Movie(withItem: item)
                    movieList.append(movie)
                }
            }
            return movieList

        } catch {
            print("ERROR: getMovies with scan:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [Scan](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsdynamodb/latest/documentation/awsdynamodb/dynamodbclient/scan(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `UpdateItem`
`UpdateItem`

The following code example shows how to use `UpdateItem`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/dynamodb#code-examples). 

```
import AWSDynamoDB


    /// Update the specified movie with new `rating` and `plot` information.
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - title: The title of the movie to update.
    ///   - year: The release year of the movie to update.
    ///   - rating: The new rating for the movie.
    ///   - plot: The new plot summary string for the movie.
    ///
    /// - Returns: An array of mappings of attribute names to their new
    ///   listing each item actually changed. Items that didn't need to change
    ///   aren't included in this list. `nil` if no changes were made.
    ///
    func update(title: String, year: Int, rating: Double? = nil, plot: String? = nil) async throws
        -> [Swift.String: DynamoDBClientTypes.AttributeValue]?
    {
        do {
            guard let client = self.ddbClient else {
                throw MoviesError.UninitializedClient
            }

            // Build the update expression and the list of expression attribute
            // values. Include only the information that's changed.

            var expressionParts: [String] = []
            var attrValues: [Swift.String: DynamoDBClientTypes.AttributeValue] = [:]

            if rating != nil {
                expressionParts.append("info.rating=:r")
                attrValues[":r"] = .n(String(rating!))
            }
            if plot != nil {
                expressionParts.append("info.plot=:p")
                attrValues[":p"] = .s(plot!)
            }
            let expression = "set \(expressionParts.joined(separator: ", "))"

            let input = UpdateItemInput(
                // Create substitution tokens for the attribute values, to ensure
                // no conflicts in expression syntax.
                expressionAttributeValues: attrValues,
                // The key identifying the movie to update consists of the release
                // year and title.
                key: [
                    "year": .n(String(year)),
                    "title": .s(title)
                ],
                returnValues: .updatedNew,
                tableName: self.tableName,
                updateExpression: expression
            )
            let output = try await client.updateItem(input: input)

            guard let attributes: [Swift.String: DynamoDBClientTypes.AttributeValue] = output.attributes else {
                throw MoviesError.InvalidAttributes
            }
            return attributes
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: update:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [UpdateItem](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsdynamodb/latest/documentation/awsdynamodb/dynamodbclient/updateitem(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

# Amazon EC2 examples using SDK for Swift
Amazon EC2

The following code examples show you how to perform actions and implement common scenarios by using the AWS SDK for Swift with Amazon EC2.

*Basics* are code examples that show you how to perform the essential operations within a service.

*Actions* are code excerpts from larger programs and must be run in context. While actions show you how to call individual service functions, you can see actions in context in their related scenarios.

Each example includes a link to the complete source code, where you can find instructions on how to set up and run the code in context.

**Topics**
+ [Get started](#get_started)
+ [Basics](#basics)
+ [Actions](#actions)

## Get started
Get started

### Hello Amazon EC2
Hello Amazon EC2

The following code example shows how to get started using Amazon EC2.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/ec2#code-examples). 
The `Package.swift` file.  

```
// swift-tools-version: 5.9
//
// The swift-tools-version declares the minimum version of Swift required to
// build this package.

import PackageDescription

let package = Package(
    name: "hello-ec2",
    // Let Xcode know the minimum Apple platforms supported.
    platforms: [
        .macOS(.v13),
        .iOS(.v15)
    ],
    dependencies: [
        // Dependencies declare other packages that this package depends on.
        .package(
            url: "https://github.com/awslabs/aws-sdk-swift",
            from: "1.0.0"),
        .package(
            url: "https://github.com/apple/swift-argument-parser.git",
            branch: "main"
        )
    ],
    targets: [
        // Targets are the basic building blocks of a package, defining a module or a test suite.
        // Targets can depend on other targets in this package and products
        // from dependencies.
        .executableTarget(
            name: "hello-ec2",
            dependencies: [
                .product(name: "AWSEC2", package: "aws-sdk-swift"),
                .product(name: "ArgumentParser", package: "swift-argument-parser")
            ],
            path: "Sources")

    ]
)
```
The `entry.swift` file.  

```
// An example that shows how to use the AWS SDK for Swift to perform a simple
// operation using Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2).
//

import ArgumentParser
import Foundation

import AWSEC2

struct ExampleCommand: ParsableCommand {
    @Option(help: "The AWS Region to run AWS API calls in.")
    var awsRegion = "us-east-1"

    @Option(
        help: ArgumentHelp("The level of logging for the Swift SDK to perform."),
        completion: .list([
            "critical",
            "debug",
            "error",
            "info",
            "notice",
            "trace",
            "warning"
        ])
    )
    var logLevel: String = "error"

    static var configuration = CommandConfiguration(
        commandName: "hello-ec2",
        abstract: """
        Demonstrates a simple operation using Amazon EC2.
        """,
        discussion: """
        An example showing how to make a call to Amazon EC2 using the AWS SDK for Swift.
        """
    )

    /// Return an array of strings giving the names of every security group
    /// the user is a member of.
    ///
    /// - Parameter ec2Client: The `EC2Client` to use when calling
    ///   `describeSecurityGroupsPaginated()`.
    ///
    /// - Returns: An array of strings giving the names of every security
    ///   group the user is a member of.
    func getSecurityGroupNames(ec2Client: EC2Client) async -> [String] {
        let pages = ec2Client.describeSecurityGroupsPaginated(
            input: DescribeSecurityGroupsInput()
        )

        var groupNames: [String] = []

        do {
            for try await page in pages {
                guard let groups = page.securityGroups else {
                    print("*** Error: No groups returned.")
                    continue
                }

                for group in groups {
                    groupNames.append(group.groupName ?? "<unknown>")
                }
            }
        } catch {
            print("*** Error: \(error.localizedDescription)")
        }

        return groupNames
    }

    /// Called by ``main()`` to run the bulk of the example.
    func runAsync() async throws {
        let ec2Config = try await EC2Client.EC2ClientConfiguration(region: awsRegion)
        let ec2Client = EC2Client(config: ec2Config)

        let groupNames = await getSecurityGroupNames(ec2Client: ec2Client)

        print("Found \(groupNames.count) security group(s):")

        for group in groupNames {
            print("    \(group)")
        }
    }
}

/// The program's asynchronous entry point.
@main
struct Main {
    static func main() async {
        let args = Array(CommandLine.arguments.dropFirst())

        do {
            let command = try ExampleCommand.parse(args)
            try await command.runAsync()
        } catch {
            ExampleCommand.exit(withError: error)
        }
    }    
}
```
+  For API details, see [DescribeSecurityGroups](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsec2/latest/documentation/awsec2/ec2client/describesecuritygroups(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

## Basics
Basics

### Learn the basics
Learn the basics

The following code example shows how to:
+ Create a key pair and security group.
+ Select an Amazon Machine Image (AMI) and compatible instance type, then create an instance.
+ Stop and restart the instance.
+ Associate an Elastic IP address with your instance.
+ Connect to your instance with SSH, then clean up resources.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/ec2#code-examples). 
The `Package.swift` file.  

```
// swift-tools-version: 5.9
//
// The swift-tools-version declares the minimum version of Swift required to
// build this package.

import PackageDescription

let package = Package(
    name: "ec2-scenario",
    // Let Xcode know the minimum Apple platforms supported.
    platforms: [
        .macOS(.v13),
        .iOS(.v15)
    ],
    dependencies: [
        // Dependencies declare other packages that this package depends on.
        .package(
            url: "https://github.com/awslabs/aws-sdk-swift",
            from: "1.4.0"),
        .package(
            url: "https://github.com/apple/swift-argument-parser.git",
            branch: "main"
        )
    ],
    targets: [
        // Targets are the basic building blocks of a package, defining a module or a test suite.
        // Targets can depend on other targets in this package and products
        // from dependencies.
        .executableTarget(
            name: "ec2-scenario",
            dependencies: [
                .product(name: "AWSEC2", package: "aws-sdk-swift"),
                .product(name: "AWSSSM", package: "aws-sdk-swift"),
                .product(name: "ArgumentParser", package: "swift-argument-parser")
            ],
            path: "Sources")

    ]
)
```
The `entry.swift` file.  

```
// An example that shows how to use the AWS SDK for Swift to perform a variety
// of operations using Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2).
//

import ArgumentParser
import Foundation
import AWSEC2

// Allow waiters to be used.

import class SmithyWaitersAPI.Waiter
import struct SmithyWaitersAPI.WaiterOptions

import AWSSSM

struct ExampleCommand: ParsableCommand {
    @Option(help: "The AWS Region to run AWS API calls in.")
    var awsRegion = "us-east-1"

    @Option(
        help: ArgumentHelp("The level of logging for the Swift SDK to perform."),
        completion: .list([
            "critical",
            "debug",
            "error",
            "info",
            "notice",
            "trace",
            "warning"
        ])
    )
    var logLevel: String = "error"

    static var configuration = CommandConfiguration(
        commandName: "ec2-scenario",
        abstract: """
        Performs various operations to demonstrate the use of Amazon EC2 using the
        AWS SDK for Swift.
        """,
        discussion: """
        """
    )

    /// Called by ``main()`` to run the bulk of the example.
    func runAsync() async throws {
        let ssmConfig = try await SSMClient.SSMClientConfiguration(region: awsRegion)
        let ssmClient = SSMClient(config: ssmConfig)

        let ec2Config = try await EC2Client.EC2ClientConfiguration(region: awsRegion)
        let ec2Client = EC2Client(config: ec2Config)

        let example = Example(ec2Client: ec2Client, ssmClient: ssmClient)

        await example.run()
    }
}

class Example {
    let ec2Client: EC2Client
    let ssmClient: SSMClient

    // Storage for AWS EC2 properties.

    var keyName: String? = nil
    var securityGroupId: String? = nil
    var instanceId: String? = nil
    var allocationId: String? = nil
    var associationId: String? = nil

    init(ec2Client: EC2Client, ssmClient: SSMClient) {
        self.ec2Client = ec2Client
        self.ssmClient = ssmClient
    }

    /// The example's main body.
    func run() async {
        //=====================================================================
        // 1. Create an RSA key pair, saving the private key as a `.pem` file.
        //    Create a `defer` block that will delete the private key when the
        //    program exits.
        //=====================================================================

        print("Creating an RSA key pair...")

        keyName = self.tempName(prefix: "ExampleKeyName")
        let keyUrl = await self.createKeyPair(name: keyName!)

        guard let keyUrl else {
            print("*** Failed to create the key pair!")
            return
        }

        print("Created the private key at: \(keyUrl.absoluteString)")

        // Schedule deleting the private key file to occur automatically when
        // the program exits, no matter how it exits.

        defer {
            do {
                try FileManager.default.removeItem(at: keyUrl)
            } catch {
                print("*** Failed to delete the private key at \(keyUrl.absoluteString)")
            }
        }

        //=====================================================================
        // 2. List the key pairs by calling `DescribeKeyPairs`.
        //=====================================================================

        print("Describing available key pairs...")
        await self.describeKeyPairs()

        //=====================================================================
        // 3. Create a security group for the default VPC, and add an inbound
        //    rule to allow SSH from the current computer's public IPv4
        //    address.
        //=====================================================================

        print("Creating the security group...")

        let secGroupName = self.tempName(prefix: "ExampleSecurityGroup")
        let ipAddress = self.getMyIPAddress()

        guard let ipAddress else {
            print("*** Unable to get the device's IP address.")
            return
        }

        print("IP address is: \(ipAddress)")

        securityGroupId = await self.createSecurityGroup(
            name: secGroupName,
            description: "An example security group created using the AWS SDK for Swift"
        )

        if securityGroupId == nil {
            await cleanUp()
            return
        }

        print("Created security group: \(securityGroupId ?? "<unknown>")")

        if !(await self.authorizeSecurityGroupIngress(groupId: securityGroupId!, ipAddress: ipAddress)) {
            await cleanUp()
            return
        }

        //=====================================================================
        // 4. Display security group information for the new security group
        //    using DescribeSecurityGroups.
        //=====================================================================

        if !(await self.describeSecurityGroups(groupId: securityGroupId!)) {
            await cleanUp()
            return
        }

        //=====================================================================
        // 5. Get a list of Amazon Linux 2023 AMIs and pick one (SSM is the
        //    best practice), using path and then filter the list after the
        //    fact to include "al2023" in the Name field
        //    (ssm.GetParametersByPath). Paginate to get all images.
        //=====================================================================

        print("Searching available images for Amazon Linux 2023 images...")

        let options = await self.findAMIsMatchingFilter("al2023")

        //=====================================================================
        // 6. The information in the AMI options isn't great, so make a list
        //    of the image IDs (the "Value" field in the AMI options) and get
        //    more information about them from EC2. Display the Description
        //    field and select one of them (DescribeImages with ImageIds
        //    filter).
        //=====================================================================

        print("Images matching Amazon Linux 2023:")

        var imageIds: [String] = []
        for option in options {
            guard let id = option.value else {
                continue
            }
            imageIds.append(id)
        }
        
        let images = await self.describeImages(imageIds)

        // This is where you would normally let the user choose which AMI to
        // use. However, for this example, we're just going to use the first
        // one, whatever it is.

        let chosenImage = images[0]

        //=====================================================================
        // 7. Get a list of instance types that are compatible with the
        //    selected AMI's architecture (such as "x86_64") and are either
        //    small or micro. Select one (DescribeInstanceTypes).
        //=====================================================================

        print("Getting the instance types compatible with the selected image...")

        guard let arch = chosenImage.architecture else {
            print("*** The selected image doesn't have a valid architecture.")
            await cleanUp()
            return
        }

        let imageTypes = await self.getMatchingInstanceTypes(architecture: arch)

        for type in imageTypes {
            guard let instanceType = type.instanceType else {
                continue
            }
            print("    \(instanceType.rawValue)")
        }

        // This example selects the first returned instance type. A real-world
        // application would probably ask the user to select one here.

        let chosenInstanceType = imageTypes[0]

        //=====================================================================
        // 8. Create an instance with the key pair, security group, AMI, and
        //    instance type (RunInstances).
        //=====================================================================

        print("Creating an instance...")

        guard let imageId = chosenImage.imageId else {
            print("*** Cannot start image without a valid image ID.")
            await cleanUp()
            return
        }
        guard let instanceType = chosenInstanceType.instanceType else {
            print("*** Unable to start image without a valid image type.")
            await cleanUp()
            return
        }

        let instance = await self.runInstance(
            imageId: imageId,
            instanceType: instanceType,
            keyPairName: keyName!,
            securityGroups: [securityGroupId!]
        )

        guard let instance else {
            await cleanUp()
            return
        }

        instanceId = instance.instanceId
        if instanceId == nil {
            print("*** Instance is missing an ID. Canceling.")
            await cleanUp()
            return
        }

        //=====================================================================
        // 9. Wait for the instance to be ready and then display its
        //    information (DescribeInstances).
        //=====================================================================

        print("Waiting a few seconds to let the instance come up...")
        
        do {
            try await Task.sleep(for: .seconds(20))
        } catch {
            print("*** Error pausing the task.")
        }
        print("Success! Your new instance is ready:")

        //=====================================================================
        // 10. Display SSH connection info for the instance.
        //=====================================================================

        var runningInstance = await self.describeInstance(instanceId: instanceId!)

        if (runningInstance != nil) && (runningInstance!.publicIpAddress != nil) {
            print("\nYou can SSH to this instance using the following command:")
            print("ssh -i \(keyUrl.path) ec2-user@\(runningInstance!.publicIpAddress!)")
        }

        //=====================================================================
        // 11. Stop the instance and wait for it to stop (StopInstances).
        //=====================================================================

        print("Stopping the instance...")

        if !(await self.stopInstance(instanceId: instanceId!, waitUntilStopped: true)) {
            await cleanUp()
            return
        }

        //=====================================================================
        // 12. Start the instance and wait for it to start (StartInstances).
        //=====================================================================

        print("Starting the instance again...")

        if !(await self.startInstance(instanceId: instanceId!, waitUntilStarted: true)) {
            await cleanUp()
            return
        }

        //=====================================================================
        // 13. Display SSH connection info for the instance. Note that it's
        //     changed.
        //=====================================================================

        runningInstance = await self.describeInstance(instanceId: instanceId!)
        if (runningInstance != nil) && (runningInstance!.publicIpAddress != nil) {
            print("\nYou can SSH to this instance using the following command.")
            print("This is probably different from when the instance was running before.")
            print("ssh -i \(keyUrl.path) ec2-user@\(runningInstance!.publicIpAddress!)")
        }

        //=====================================================================
        // 14. Allocate an elastic IP and associate it with the instance
        //     (AllocateAddress and AssociateAddress).
        //=====================================================================

        allocationId = await self.allocateAddress()

        if allocationId == nil {
            await cleanUp()
            return
        }

        associationId = await self.associateAddress(instanceId: instanceId!, allocationId: allocationId)

        if associationId == nil {
            await cleanUp()
            return
        }

        //=====================================================================
        // 15. Display SSH connection info for the connection. Note that the
        //     public IP is now the Elastic IP, which stays constant.
        //=====================================================================

        runningInstance = await self.describeInstance(instanceId: instanceId!)
        if (runningInstance != nil) && (runningInstance!.publicIpAddress != nil) {
            print("\nYou can SSH to this instance using the following command.")
            print("This has changed again, and is now the Elastic IP.")
            print("ssh -i \(keyUrl.path) ec2-user@\(runningInstance!.publicIpAddress!)")
        }

        //=====================================================================
        // Handle all cleanup tasks
        //=====================================================================

        await cleanUp()
    }

    /// Clean up by discarding and closing down all allocated EC2 items:
    /// 
    /// * Elastic IP allocation and association
    /// * Terminate the instance
    /// * Delete the security group
    /// * Delete the key pair
    func cleanUp() async {
        //=====================================================================
        // 16. Disassociate and delete the Elastic IP (DisassociateAddress and
        //     ReleaseAddress).
        //=====================================================================

        if associationId != nil {
            await self.disassociateAddress(associationId: associationId!)
        }

        if allocationId != nil {
            await self.releaseAddress(allocationId: allocationId!)
        }

        //=====================================================================
        // 17. Terminate the instance and wait for it to terminate
        //     (TerminateInstances).
        //=====================================================================

        if instanceId != nil {
            print("Terminating the instance...")
            _ = await self.terminateInstance(instanceId: instanceId!, waitUntilTerminated: true)
        }

        //=====================================================================
        // 18. Delete the security group (DeleteSecurityGroup).
        //=====================================================================

        if securityGroupId != nil {
            print("Deleting the security group...")
            _ = await self.deleteSecurityGroup(groupId: securityGroupId!)
        }

        //=====================================================================
        // 19. Delete the key pair (DeleteKeyPair).
        //=====================================================================

        if keyName != nil {
            print("Deleting the key pair...")
            _ = await self.deleteKeyPair(keyPair: keyName!)
        }
    }

    /// Create a new RSA key pair and save the private key to a randomly-named
    /// file in the temporary directory.
    ///
    /// - Parameter name: The name of the key pair to create.
    ///
    /// - Returns: The URL of the newly created `.pem` file or `nil` if unable
    ///   to create the key pair.
    func createKeyPair(name: String) async -> URL? {
        do {
            let output = try await ec2Client.createKeyPair(
                input: CreateKeyPairInput(
                    keyName: name
                )
            )

            guard let keyMaterial = output.keyMaterial else {
                return nil
            }

            // Build the URL of the temporary private key file.

            let fileURL = URL.temporaryDirectory
                                  .appendingPathComponent(name)
                                  .appendingPathExtension("pem")

            do {
                try keyMaterial.write(to: fileURL, atomically: true, encoding: String.Encoding.utf8)
                return fileURL
            } catch {
                print("*** Failed to write the private key.")
                return nil
            }
        } catch {
            print("*** Unable to create the key pair.")
            return nil
        }
    }

    /// Describe the key pairs associated with the user by outputting each key
    /// pair's name and fingerprint.
    func describeKeyPairs() async {
        do {
            let output = try await ec2Client.describeKeyPairs(
                input: DescribeKeyPairsInput()
            )

            guard let keyPairs = output.keyPairs else {
                print("*** No key pairs list available.")
                return
            }

            for keyPair in keyPairs {
                print(keyPair.keyName ?? "<unknown>", ":", keyPair.keyFingerprint ?? "<unknown>")
            }
        } catch {
            print("*** Error: Unable to obtain a key pair list.")
        }
    }

    /// Delete an EC2 key pair.
    /// 
    /// - Parameter keyPair: The name of the key pair to delete.
    /// 
    /// - Returns: `true` if the key pair is deleted successfully; otherwise
    ///   `false`.
    func deleteKeyPair(keyPair: String) async -> Bool {
        do {
            _ = try await ec2Client.deleteKeyPair(
                input: DeleteKeyPairInput(
                    keyName: keyPair
                )
            )

            return true
        } catch {
            print("*** Error deleting the key pair: \(error.localizedDescription)")
            return false
        }
    }

    /// Return a list of AMI names that contain the specified string.
    /// 
    /// - Parameter filter: A string that must be contained in all returned
    ///   AMI names.
    ///
    /// - Returns: An array of the parameters matching the specified substring.
    func findAMIsMatchingFilter(_ filter: String) async -> [SSMClientTypes.Parameter] {
        var parameterList: [SSMClientTypes.Parameter] = []
        var matchingAMIs: [SSMClientTypes.Parameter] = []

        do {
            let pages = ssmClient.getParametersByPathPaginated(
                input: GetParametersByPathInput(
                    path: "/aws/service/ami-amazon-linux-latest"
                )
            )

            for try await page in pages {
                guard let parameters = page.parameters else {
                    return matchingAMIs
                }

                for parameter in parameters {
                    parameterList.append(parameter)
                }
            }

            print("Found \(parameterList.count) images total:")
            for parameter in parameterList {
                guard let name = parameter.name else {
                    continue
                }
                print("    \(name)")

                if name.contains(filter) {
                    matchingAMIs.append(parameter)
                }
            }
        } catch {
            return matchingAMIs
        }

        return matchingAMIs
    }

    /// Return a list of instance types matching the specified architecture
    /// and instance sizes.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - architecture: The architecture of the instance types to return, as
    ///     a member of `EC2ClientTypes.ArchitectureValues`.
    ///   - sizes: An array of one or more strings identifying sizes of
    ///     instance type to accept.
    /// 
    /// - Returns: An array of `EC2ClientTypes.InstanceTypeInfo` records
    ///   describing the instance types matching the given requirements.
    func getMatchingInstanceTypes(architecture: EC2ClientTypes.ArchitectureValues = EC2ClientTypes.ArchitectureValues.x8664,
                          sizes: [String] = ["*.micro", "*.small"]) async
                          -> [EC2ClientTypes.InstanceTypeInfo] {
        var instanceTypes: [EC2ClientTypes.InstanceTypeInfo] = []    

        let archFilter = EC2ClientTypes.Filter(
            name: "processor-info.supported-architecture",
            values: [architecture.rawValue]
        )
        let sizeFilter = EC2ClientTypes.Filter(
            name: "instance-type",
            values: sizes
        )

        do {
            let pages = ec2Client.describeInstanceTypesPaginated(
                input: DescribeInstanceTypesInput(
                    filters: [archFilter, sizeFilter]
                )
            )

            for try await page in pages {
                guard let types = page.instanceTypes else {
                    return []
                }

                instanceTypes += types
            }
        } catch {
            print("*** Error getting image types: \(error.localizedDescription)")
            return []
        }

        return instanceTypes
    }

    /// Get the latest information about the specified instance and output it
    /// to the screen, returning the instance details to the caller.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - instanceId: The ID of the instance to provide details about.
    ///   - stateFilter: The state to require the instance to be in.
    ///
    /// - Returns: The instance's details as an `EC2ClientTypes.Instance` object.
    func describeInstance(instanceId: String,
                          stateFilter: EC2ClientTypes.InstanceStateName? = EC2ClientTypes.InstanceStateName.running) async
                          -> EC2ClientTypes.Instance? {
        do {
            let pages = ec2Client.describeInstancesPaginated(
                input: DescribeInstancesInput(
                    instanceIds: [instanceId]
                )
            )

            for try await page in pages {
                guard let reservations = page.reservations else {
                    continue
                }

                for reservation in reservations {
                    guard let instances = reservation.instances else {
                        continue
                    }

                    for instance in instances {
                        guard let state = instance.state else {
                            print("*** Instance is missing its state...")
                            continue
                        }
                        let instanceState = state.name

                        if stateFilter != nil && (instanceState != stateFilter) {
                            continue
                        }

                        let instanceTypeName: String
                        if instance.instanceType == nil {
                            instanceTypeName = "<N/A>"
                        } else {
                            instanceTypeName = instance.instanceType?.rawValue ?? "<N/A>"
                        }

                        let instanceStateName: String
                        if instanceState == nil {
                            instanceStateName = "<N/A>"
                        } else {
                            instanceStateName = instanceState?.rawValue ?? "<N/A>"
                        }

                        print("""
                        Instance: \(instance.instanceId ?? "<N/A>")
                                • Image ID: \(instance.imageId ?? "<N/A>")
                                • Instance type: \(instanceTypeName)
                                • Key name: \(instance.keyName ?? "<N/A>")
                                • VPC ID: \(instance.vpcId ?? "<N/A>")
                                • Public IP: \(instance.publicIpAddress ?? "N/A")
                                • State: \(instanceStateName)
                        """)

                        return instance
                    }
                }
            }
        } catch {
            print("*** Error retrieving instance information to display: \(error.localizedDescription)")
            return nil
        }

        return nil
    }

    /// Stop the specified instance.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - instanceId: The ID of the instance to stop.
    ///   - waitUntilStopped: If `true`, execution waits until the instance
    ///     has stopped. Otherwise, execution continues and the instance stops
    ///     asynchronously.
    ///
    /// - Returns: `true` if the image is successfully stopped (or is left to
    ///   stop asynchronously). `false` if the instance doesn't stop.
    func stopInstance(instanceId: String, waitUntilStopped: Bool = false) async -> Bool {
        let instanceList = [instanceId]

        do {
            _ = try await ec2Client.stopInstances(
                input: StopInstancesInput(
                    instanceIds: instanceList
                )
            )

            if waitUntilStopped {
                print("Waiting for the instance to stop. Please be patient!")

                let waitOptions = WaiterOptions(maxWaitTime: 600)
                let output = try await ec2Client.waitUntilInstanceStopped(
                    options: waitOptions,
                    input: DescribeInstancesInput(
                        instanceIds: instanceList
                    )
                )

                switch output.result {
                case .success:
                    return true
                case .failure:
                    return false
                }
            } else {
                return true
            }
        } catch {
            print("*** Unable to stop the instance: \(error.localizedDescription)")
            return false
        }
    }

    /// Start the specified instance.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - instanceId: The ID of the instance to start.
    ///   - waitUntilStarted: If `true`, execution waits until the instance
    ///     has started. Otherwise, execution continues and the instance starts
    ///     asynchronously.
    ///
    /// - Returns: `true` if the image is successfully started (or is left to
    ///   start asynchronously). `false` if the instance doesn't start.
    func startInstance(instanceId: String, waitUntilStarted: Bool = false) async -> Bool {
        let instanceList = [instanceId]

        do {
            _ = try await ec2Client.startInstances(
                input: StartInstancesInput(
                    instanceIds: instanceList
                )
            )

            if waitUntilStarted {
                print("Waiting for the instance to start...")

                let waitOptions = WaiterOptions(maxWaitTime: 60.0)
                let output = try await ec2Client.waitUntilInstanceRunning(
                    options: waitOptions,
                    input: DescribeInstancesInput(
                        instanceIds: instanceList
                    )
                )
                switch output.result {
                case .success:
                    return true
                case .failure:
                    return false
                }
            } else {
                return true
            }
        } catch {
            print("*** Unable to start the instance: \(error.localizedDescription)")
            return false
        }
    }

    /// Terminate the specified instance.
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - instanceId: The instance to terminate.
    ///   - waitUntilTerminated: Whether or not to wait until the instance is
    ///     terminated before returning.
    /// 
    /// - Returns: `true` if terminated successfully. `false` if not or if an
    ///   error occurs.
    func terminateInstance(instanceId: String, waitUntilTerminated: Bool = false) async -> Bool {
        let instanceList = [instanceId]

        do {
            _ = try await ec2Client.terminateInstances(
                input: TerminateInstancesInput(
                    instanceIds: instanceList
                )
            )

            if waitUntilTerminated {
                print("Waiting for the instance to terminate...")

                let waitOptions = WaiterOptions(maxWaitTime: 600.0)
                let output = try await ec2Client.waitUntilInstanceTerminated(
                    options: waitOptions,
                    input: DescribeInstancesInput(
                        instanceIds: instanceList
                    )
                )

                switch output.result {
                case .success:
                    return true
                case .failure:
                    return false
                }
            } else {
                return true
            }
        } catch {
            print("*** Unable to terminate the instance: \(error.localizedDescription)")
            return false
        }
    }

    /// Return an array of `EC2ClientTypes.Image` objects describing all of
    /// the images in the specified array.
    /// 
    /// - Parameter idList: A list of image ID strings indicating the images
    ///   to return details about.
    ///
    /// - Returns: An array of the images.
    func describeImages(_ idList: [String]) async -> [EC2ClientTypes.Image] {
        do {
            let output = try await ec2Client.describeImages(
                input: DescribeImagesInput(
                    imageIds: idList
                )
            )

            guard let images = output.images else {
                print("*** No images found.")
                return []
            }

            for image in images {
                guard let id = image.imageId else {
                    continue
                }
                print("   \(id): \(image.description ?? "<no description>")")
            }

            return images
        } catch {
            print("*** Error getting image descriptions: \(error.localizedDescription)")
            return []
        }
    }

    /// Create and return a new EC2 instance.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - imageId: The image ID of the AMI to use when creating the instance.
    ///   - instanceType: The type of instance to create.
    ///   - keyPairName: The RSA key pair's name to use to secure the instance.
    ///   - securityGroups: The security group or groups to add the instance
    ///     to.
    ///
    /// - Returns: The EC2 instance as an `EC2ClientTypes.Instance` object.
    func runInstance(imageId: String, instanceType: EC2ClientTypes.InstanceType,
                        keyPairName: String, securityGroups: [String]?) async -> EC2ClientTypes.Instance? {
        do {
            let output = try await ec2Client.runInstances(
                input: RunInstancesInput(
                    imageId: imageId,
                    instanceType: instanceType,
                    keyName: keyPairName,
                    maxCount: 1,
                    minCount: 1,
                    securityGroupIds: securityGroups
                )
            )

            guard let instances = output.instances else {
                print("*** Unable to create the instance.")
                return nil
            }

            return instances[0]
        } catch {
            print("*** Error creating the instance: \(error.localizedDescription)")
            return nil
        }
    }

    /// Return the device's external IP address.
    /// 
    /// - Returns: A string containing the device's IP address.
    func getMyIPAddress() -> String? {
        guard let url = URL(string: "http://checkip.amazonaws.com") else {
            print("Couldn't create the URL")
            return nil
        }

        do {
            print("Getting the IP address...")
            return try String(contentsOf: url, encoding: String.Encoding.utf8).trim()
        } catch {
            print("*** Unable to get your public IP address.")
            return nil
        }
    }

    /// Create a new security group.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - groupName: The name of the group to create.
    ///   - groupDescription: A description of the new security group.
    ///
    /// - Returns: The ID string of the new security group.
    func createSecurityGroup(name groupName: String, description groupDescription: String) async -> String? {
        do {
            let output = try await ec2Client.createSecurityGroup(
                input: CreateSecurityGroupInput(
                    description: groupDescription,
                    groupName: groupName
                )
            )

            return output.groupId
        } catch {
            print("*** Error creating the security group: \(error.localizedDescription)")
            return nil
        }
    }

    /// Authorize ingress of connections for the security group.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - groupId: The group ID of the security group to authorize access for.
    ///   - ipAddress: The IP address of the device to grant access to.
    ///
    /// - Returns: `true` if access is successfully granted; otherwise `false`.
    func authorizeSecurityGroupIngress(groupId: String, ipAddress: String) async -> Bool {
        let ipRange = EC2ClientTypes.IpRange(cidrIp: "\(ipAddress)/0")
        let httpPermission = EC2ClientTypes.IpPermission(
            fromPort: 80,
            ipProtocol: "tcp",
            ipRanges: [ipRange],
            toPort: 80
        )

        let sshPermission = EC2ClientTypes.IpPermission(
            fromPort: 22,
            ipProtocol: "tcp",
            ipRanges: [ipRange],
            toPort: 22
        )

        do {
            _ = try await ec2Client.authorizeSecurityGroupIngress(
                input: AuthorizeSecurityGroupIngressInput(
                    groupId: groupId,
                    ipPermissions: [httpPermission, sshPermission]
                )
            )

            return true
        } catch {
            print("*** Error authorizing ingress for the security group: \(error.localizedDescription)")
            return false
        }
    }

    func describeSecurityGroups(groupId: String) async -> Bool {
        do {
            let output = try await ec2Client.describeSecurityGroups(
                input: DescribeSecurityGroupsInput(
                    groupIds: [groupId]
                )
            )

            guard let securityGroups = output.securityGroups else {
                print("No security groups found.")
                return true
            }

            for group in securityGroups {
                print("Group \(group.groupId ?? "<unknown>") found with VPC \(group.vpcId ?? "<unknown>")")
            }
            return true
        } catch {
            print("*** Error getting security group details: \(error.localizedDescription)")
            return false
        }
    }

    /// Delete a security group.
    /// 
    /// - Parameter groupId: The ID of the security group to delete.
    /// 
    /// - Returns: `true` on successful deletion; `false` on error.
    func deleteSecurityGroup(groupId: String) async -> Bool {
        do {
            _ = try await ec2Client.deleteSecurityGroup(
                input: DeleteSecurityGroupInput(
                    groupId: groupId
                )
            )

            return true
        } catch {
            print("*** Error deleting the security group: \(error.localizedDescription)")
            return false
        }
    }

    /// Allocate an Elastic IP address.
    ///
    /// - Returns: A string containing the ID of the Elastic IP.
    func allocateAddress() async -> String? {
        do {
            let output = try await ec2Client.allocateAddress(
                input: AllocateAddressInput(
                    domain: EC2ClientTypes.DomainType.vpc
                )
            )

            guard let allocationId = output.allocationId else {
                return nil
            }

            return allocationId
        } catch {
            print("*** Unable to allocate the IP address: \(error.localizedDescription)")
            return nil
        }
    }

    /// Associate the specified allocated Elastic IP to a given instance.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - instanceId: The instance to associate the Elastic IP with.
    ///   - allocationId: The ID of the allocated Elastic IP to associate with
    ///     the instance.
    ///
    /// - Returns: The association ID of the association.
    func associateAddress(instanceId: String?, allocationId: String?) async -> String? {
        do {
            let output = try await ec2Client.associateAddress(
                input: AssociateAddressInput(
                    allocationId: allocationId,
                    instanceId: instanceId
                )
            )

            return output.associationId
        } catch {
            print("*** Unable to associate the IP address: \(error.localizedDescription)")
            return nil
        }
    }

    /// Disassociate an Elastic IP.
    /// 
    /// - Parameter associationId: The ID of the association to end.
    func disassociateAddress(associationId: String?) async {
        do {
            _ = try await ec2Client.disassociateAddress(
                input: DisassociateAddressInput(
                    associationId: associationId
                )
            )
        } catch {
            print("*** Unable to disassociate the IP address: \(error.localizedDescription)")
        }
    }

    /// Release an allocated Elastic IP.
    /// 
    /// - Parameter allocationId: The allocation ID of the Elastic IP to
    ///   release.
    func releaseAddress(allocationId: String?) async {
        do {
            _ = try await ec2Client.releaseAddress(
                input: ReleaseAddressInput(
                    allocationId: allocationId
                )
            )
        } catch {
            print("*** Unable to release the IP address: \(error.localizedDescription)")
        }
    }

    /// Generate and return a unique file name that begins with the specified
    /// string.
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - prefix: Text to use at the beginning of the returned name.
    ///
    /// - Returns: A string containing a unique filename that begins with the
    ///   specified `prefix`.
    ///
    /// The returned name uses a random number between 1 million and 1 billion to
    /// provide reasonable certainty of uniqueness for the purposes of this
    /// example.
    func tempName(prefix: String) -> String {
        return "\(prefix)-\(Int.random(in: 1000000..<1000000000))"
    }
}

/// The program's asynchronous entry point.
@main
struct Main {
    static func main() async {
        let args = Array(CommandLine.arguments.dropFirst())

        do {
            let command = try ExampleCommand.parse(args)
            try await command.runAsync()
        } catch {
            ExampleCommand.exit(withError: error)
        }
    }    
}
```
+ For API details, see the following topics in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*.
  + [AllocateAddress](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsec2/latest/documentation/awsec2/ec2client/allocateaddress(input:))
  + [AssociateAddress](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsec2/latest/documentation/awsec2/ec2client/associateaddress(input:))
  + [AuthorizeSecurityGroupIngress](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsec2/latest/documentation/awsec2/ec2client/authorizesecuritygroupingress(input:))
  + [CreateKeyPair](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsec2/latest/documentation/awsec2/ec2client/createkeypair(input:))
  + [CreateSecurityGroup](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsec2/latest/documentation/awsec2/ec2client/createsecuritygroup(input:))
  + [DeleteKeyPair](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsec2/latest/documentation/awsec2/ec2client/deletekeypair(input:))
  + [DeleteSecurityGroup](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsec2/latest/documentation/awsec2/ec2client/deletesecuritygroup(input:))
  + [DescribeImages](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsec2/latest/documentation/awsec2/ec2client/describeimages(input:))
  + [DescribeInstanceTypes](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsec2/latest/documentation/awsec2/ec2client/describeinstancetypes(input:))
  + [DescribeInstances](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsec2/latest/documentation/awsec2/ec2client/describeinstances(input:))
  + [DescribeKeyPairs](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsec2/latest/documentation/awsec2/ec2client/describekeypairs(input:))
  + [DescribeSecurityGroups](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsec2/latest/documentation/awsec2/ec2client/describesecuritygroups(input:))
  + [DisassociateAddress](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsec2/latest/documentation/awsec2/ec2client/disassociateaddress(input:))
  + [ReleaseAddress](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsec2/latest/documentation/awsec2/ec2client/releaseaddress(input:))
  + [RunInstances](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsec2/latest/documentation/awsec2/ec2client/runinstances(input:))
  + [StartInstances](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsec2/latest/documentation/awsec2/ec2client/startinstances(input:))
  + [StopInstances](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsec2/latest/documentation/awsec2/ec2client/stopinstances(input:))
  + [TerminateInstances](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsec2/latest/documentation/awsec2/ec2client/terminateinstances(input:))
  + [UnmonitorInstances](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsec2/latest/documentation/awsec2/ec2client/unmonitorinstances(input:))

## Actions
Actions

### `AllocateAddress`
`AllocateAddress`

The following code example shows how to use `AllocateAddress`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/ec2#code-examples). 

```
import AWSEC2

    /// Allocate an Elastic IP address.
    ///
    /// - Returns: A string containing the ID of the Elastic IP.
    func allocateAddress() async -> String? {
        do {
            let output = try await ec2Client.allocateAddress(
                input: AllocateAddressInput(
                    domain: EC2ClientTypes.DomainType.vpc
                )
            )

            guard let allocationId = output.allocationId else {
                return nil
            }

            return allocationId
        } catch {
            print("*** Unable to allocate the IP address: \(error.localizedDescription)")
            return nil
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [AllocateAddress](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsec2/latest/documentation/awsec2/ec2client/allocateaddress(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `AssociateAddress`
`AssociateAddress`

The following code example shows how to use `AssociateAddress`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/ec2#code-examples). 

```
import AWSEC2

    /// Associate the specified allocated Elastic IP to a given instance.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - instanceId: The instance to associate the Elastic IP with.
    ///   - allocationId: The ID of the allocated Elastic IP to associate with
    ///     the instance.
    ///
    /// - Returns: The association ID of the association.
    func associateAddress(instanceId: String?, allocationId: String?) async -> String? {
        do {
            let output = try await ec2Client.associateAddress(
                input: AssociateAddressInput(
                    allocationId: allocationId,
                    instanceId: instanceId
                )
            )

            return output.associationId
        } catch {
            print("*** Unable to associate the IP address: \(error.localizedDescription)")
            return nil
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [AssociateAddress](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsec2/latest/documentation/awsec2/ec2client/associateaddress(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `AuthorizeSecurityGroupIngress`
`AuthorizeSecurityGroupIngress`

The following code example shows how to use `AuthorizeSecurityGroupIngress`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/ec2#code-examples). 

```
import AWSEC2

    /// Authorize ingress of connections for the security group.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - groupId: The group ID of the security group to authorize access for.
    ///   - ipAddress: The IP address of the device to grant access to.
    ///
    /// - Returns: `true` if access is successfully granted; otherwise `false`.
    func authorizeSecurityGroupIngress(groupId: String, ipAddress: String) async -> Bool {
        let ipRange = EC2ClientTypes.IpRange(cidrIp: "\(ipAddress)/0")
        let httpPermission = EC2ClientTypes.IpPermission(
            fromPort: 80,
            ipProtocol: "tcp",
            ipRanges: [ipRange],
            toPort: 80
        )

        let sshPermission = EC2ClientTypes.IpPermission(
            fromPort: 22,
            ipProtocol: "tcp",
            ipRanges: [ipRange],
            toPort: 22
        )

        do {
            _ = try await ec2Client.authorizeSecurityGroupIngress(
                input: AuthorizeSecurityGroupIngressInput(
                    groupId: groupId,
                    ipPermissions: [httpPermission, sshPermission]
                )
            )

            return true
        } catch {
            print("*** Error authorizing ingress for the security group: \(error.localizedDescription)")
            return false
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [AuthorizeSecurityGroupIngress](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsec2/latest/documentation/awsec2/ec2client/authorizesecuritygroupingress(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `CreateKeyPair`
`CreateKeyPair`

The following code example shows how to use `CreateKeyPair`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/ec2#code-examples). 

```
import AWSEC2

    /// Create a new RSA key pair and save the private key to a randomly-named
    /// file in the temporary directory.
    ///
    /// - Parameter name: The name of the key pair to create.
    ///
    /// - Returns: The URL of the newly created `.pem` file or `nil` if unable
    ///   to create the key pair.
    func createKeyPair(name: String) async -> URL? {
        do {
            let output = try await ec2Client.createKeyPair(
                input: CreateKeyPairInput(
                    keyName: name
                )
            )

            guard let keyMaterial = output.keyMaterial else {
                return nil
            }

            // Build the URL of the temporary private key file.

            let fileURL = URL.temporaryDirectory
                                  .appendingPathComponent(name)
                                  .appendingPathExtension("pem")

            do {
                try keyMaterial.write(to: fileURL, atomically: true, encoding: String.Encoding.utf8)
                return fileURL
            } catch {
                print("*** Failed to write the private key.")
                return nil
            }
        } catch {
            print("*** Unable to create the key pair.")
            return nil
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [CreateKeyPair](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsec2/latest/documentation/awsec2/ec2client/createkeypair(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `CreateSecurityGroup`
`CreateSecurityGroup`

The following code example shows how to use `CreateSecurityGroup`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/ec2#code-examples). 

```
import AWSEC2

    /// Create a new security group.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - groupName: The name of the group to create.
    ///   - groupDescription: A description of the new security group.
    ///
    /// - Returns: The ID string of the new security group.
    func createSecurityGroup(name groupName: String, description groupDescription: String) async -> String? {
        do {
            let output = try await ec2Client.createSecurityGroup(
                input: CreateSecurityGroupInput(
                    description: groupDescription,
                    groupName: groupName
                )
            )

            return output.groupId
        } catch {
            print("*** Error creating the security group: \(error.localizedDescription)")
            return nil
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [CreateSecurityGroup](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsec2/latest/documentation/awsec2/ec2client/createsecuritygroup(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `DeleteKeyPair`
`DeleteKeyPair`

The following code example shows how to use `DeleteKeyPair`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/ec2#code-examples). 

```
import AWSEC2

    /// Delete an EC2 key pair.
    /// 
    /// - Parameter keyPair: The name of the key pair to delete.
    /// 
    /// - Returns: `true` if the key pair is deleted successfully; otherwise
    ///   `false`.
    func deleteKeyPair(keyPair: String) async -> Bool {
        do {
            _ = try await ec2Client.deleteKeyPair(
                input: DeleteKeyPairInput(
                    keyName: keyPair
                )
            )

            return true
        } catch {
            print("*** Error deleting the key pair: \(error.localizedDescription)")
            return false
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [DeleteKeyPair](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsec2/latest/documentation/awsec2/ec2client/deletekeypair(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `DeleteSecurityGroup`
`DeleteSecurityGroup`

The following code example shows how to use `DeleteSecurityGroup`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/ec2#code-examples). 

```
import AWSEC2

    /// Delete a security group.
    /// 
    /// - Parameter groupId: The ID of the security group to delete.
    /// 
    /// - Returns: `true` on successful deletion; `false` on error.
    func deleteSecurityGroup(groupId: String) async -> Bool {
        do {
            _ = try await ec2Client.deleteSecurityGroup(
                input: DeleteSecurityGroupInput(
                    groupId: groupId
                )
            )

            return true
        } catch {
            print("*** Error deleting the security group: \(error.localizedDescription)")
            return false
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [DeleteSecurityGroup](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsec2/latest/documentation/awsec2/ec2client/deletesecuritygroup(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `DescribeImages`
`DescribeImages`

The following code example shows how to use `DescribeImages`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/ec2#code-examples). 

```
import AWSEC2

    /// Return an array of `EC2ClientTypes.Image` objects describing all of
    /// the images in the specified array.
    /// 
    /// - Parameter idList: A list of image ID strings indicating the images
    ///   to return details about.
    ///
    /// - Returns: An array of the images.
    func describeImages(_ idList: [String]) async -> [EC2ClientTypes.Image] {
        do {
            let output = try await ec2Client.describeImages(
                input: DescribeImagesInput(
                    imageIds: idList
                )
            )

            guard let images = output.images else {
                print("*** No images found.")
                return []
            }

            for image in images {
                guard let id = image.imageId else {
                    continue
                }
                print("   \(id): \(image.description ?? "<no description>")")
            }

            return images
        } catch {
            print("*** Error getting image descriptions: \(error.localizedDescription)")
            return []
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [DescribeImages](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsec2/latest/documentation/awsec2/ec2client/describeimages(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `DescribeInstanceTypes`
`DescribeInstanceTypes`

The following code example shows how to use `DescribeInstanceTypes`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/ec2#code-examples). 

```
import AWSEC2

    /// Return a list of instance types matching the specified architecture
    /// and instance sizes.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - architecture: The architecture of the instance types to return, as
    ///     a member of `EC2ClientTypes.ArchitectureValues`.
    ///   - sizes: An array of one or more strings identifying sizes of
    ///     instance type to accept.
    /// 
    /// - Returns: An array of `EC2ClientTypes.InstanceTypeInfo` records
    ///   describing the instance types matching the given requirements.
    func getMatchingInstanceTypes(architecture: EC2ClientTypes.ArchitectureValues = EC2ClientTypes.ArchitectureValues.x8664,
                          sizes: [String] = ["*.micro", "*.small"]) async
                          -> [EC2ClientTypes.InstanceTypeInfo] {
        var instanceTypes: [EC2ClientTypes.InstanceTypeInfo] = []    

        let archFilter = EC2ClientTypes.Filter(
            name: "processor-info.supported-architecture",
            values: [architecture.rawValue]
        )
        let sizeFilter = EC2ClientTypes.Filter(
            name: "instance-type",
            values: sizes
        )

        do {
            let pages = ec2Client.describeInstanceTypesPaginated(
                input: DescribeInstanceTypesInput(
                    filters: [archFilter, sizeFilter]
                )
            )

            for try await page in pages {
                guard let types = page.instanceTypes else {
                    return []
                }

                instanceTypes += types
            }
        } catch {
            print("*** Error getting image types: \(error.localizedDescription)")
            return []
        }

        return instanceTypes
    }
```
+  For API details, see [DescribeInstanceTypes](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsec2/latest/documentation/awsec2/ec2client/describeinstancetypes(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `DescribeKeyPairs`
`DescribeKeyPairs`

The following code example shows how to use `DescribeKeyPairs`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/ec2#code-examples). 

```
import AWSEC2

    /// Describe the key pairs associated with the user by outputting each key
    /// pair's name and fingerprint.
    func describeKeyPairs() async {
        do {
            let output = try await ec2Client.describeKeyPairs(
                input: DescribeKeyPairsInput()
            )

            guard let keyPairs = output.keyPairs else {
                print("*** No key pairs list available.")
                return
            }

            for keyPair in keyPairs {
                print(keyPair.keyName ?? "<unknown>", ":", keyPair.keyFingerprint ?? "<unknown>")
            }
        } catch {
            print("*** Error: Unable to obtain a key pair list.")
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [DescribeKeyPairs](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsec2/latest/documentation/awsec2/ec2client/describekeypairs(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `DescribeSecurityGroups`
`DescribeSecurityGroups`

The following code example shows how to use `DescribeSecurityGroups`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/ec2#code-examples). 
Using pagination with `describeSecurityGroupsPaginated()`.  

```
import AWSEC2

    /// Return an array of strings giving the names of every security group
    /// the user is a member of.
    ///
    /// - Parameter ec2Client: The `EC2Client` to use when calling
    ///   `describeSecurityGroupsPaginated()`.
    ///
    /// - Returns: An array of strings giving the names of every security
    ///   group the user is a member of.
    func getSecurityGroupNames(ec2Client: EC2Client) async -> [String] {
        let pages = ec2Client.describeSecurityGroupsPaginated(
            input: DescribeSecurityGroupsInput()
        )

        var groupNames: [String] = []

        do {
            for try await page in pages {
                guard let groups = page.securityGroups else {
                    print("*** Error: No groups returned.")
                    continue
                }

                for group in groups {
                    groupNames.append(group.groupName ?? "<unknown>")
                }
            }
        } catch {
            print("*** Error: \(error.localizedDescription)")
        }

        return groupNames
    }
```
Without pagination.  

```
import AWSEC2

    func describeSecurityGroups(groupId: String) async -> Bool {
        do {
            let output = try await ec2Client.describeSecurityGroups(
                input: DescribeSecurityGroupsInput(
                    groupIds: [groupId]
                )
            )

            guard let securityGroups = output.securityGroups else {
                print("No security groups found.")
                return true
            }

            for group in securityGroups {
                print("Group \(group.groupId ?? "<unknown>") found with VPC \(group.vpcId ?? "<unknown>")")
            }
            return true
        } catch {
            print("*** Error getting security group details: \(error.localizedDescription)")
            return false
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [DescribeSecurityGroups](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsec2/latest/documentation/awsec2/ec2client/describesecuritygroups(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `DisassociateAddress`
`DisassociateAddress`

The following code example shows how to use `DisassociateAddress`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/ec2#code-examples). 

```
import AWSEC2

    /// Disassociate an Elastic IP.
    /// 
    /// - Parameter associationId: The ID of the association to end.
    func disassociateAddress(associationId: String?) async {
        do {
            _ = try await ec2Client.disassociateAddress(
                input: DisassociateAddressInput(
                    associationId: associationId
                )
            )
        } catch {
            print("*** Unable to disassociate the IP address: \(error.localizedDescription)")
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [DisassociateAddress](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsec2/latest/documentation/awsec2/ec2client/disassociateaddress(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `ReleaseAddress`
`ReleaseAddress`

The following code example shows how to use `ReleaseAddress`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/ec2#code-examples). 

```
import AWSEC2

    /// Release an allocated Elastic IP.
    /// 
    /// - Parameter allocationId: The allocation ID of the Elastic IP to
    ///   release.
    func releaseAddress(allocationId: String?) async {
        do {
            _ = try await ec2Client.releaseAddress(
                input: ReleaseAddressInput(
                    allocationId: allocationId
                )
            )
        } catch {
            print("*** Unable to release the IP address: \(error.localizedDescription)")
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [ReleaseAddress](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsec2/latest/documentation/awsec2/ec2client/releaseaddress(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `RunInstances`
`RunInstances`

The following code example shows how to use `RunInstances`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/ec2#code-examples). 

```
import AWSEC2

    /// Create and return a new EC2 instance.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - imageId: The image ID of the AMI to use when creating the instance.
    ///   - instanceType: The type of instance to create.
    ///   - keyPairName: The RSA key pair's name to use to secure the instance.
    ///   - securityGroups: The security group or groups to add the instance
    ///     to.
    ///
    /// - Returns: The EC2 instance as an `EC2ClientTypes.Instance` object.
    func runInstance(imageId: String, instanceType: EC2ClientTypes.InstanceType,
                        keyPairName: String, securityGroups: [String]?) async -> EC2ClientTypes.Instance? {
        do {
            let output = try await ec2Client.runInstances(
                input: RunInstancesInput(
                    imageId: imageId,
                    instanceType: instanceType,
                    keyName: keyPairName,
                    maxCount: 1,
                    minCount: 1,
                    securityGroupIds: securityGroups
                )
            )

            guard let instances = output.instances else {
                print("*** Unable to create the instance.")
                return nil
            }

            return instances[0]
        } catch {
            print("*** Error creating the instance: \(error.localizedDescription)")
            return nil
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [RunInstances](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsec2/latest/documentation/awsec2/ec2client/runinstances(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `StartInstances`
`StartInstances`

The following code example shows how to use `StartInstances`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/ec2#code-examples). 

```
import AWSEC2

    /// Start the specified instance.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - instanceId: The ID of the instance to start.
    ///   - waitUntilStarted: If `true`, execution waits until the instance
    ///     has started. Otherwise, execution continues and the instance starts
    ///     asynchronously.
    ///
    /// - Returns: `true` if the image is successfully started (or is left to
    ///   start asynchronously). `false` if the instance doesn't start.
    func startInstance(instanceId: String, waitUntilStarted: Bool = false) async -> Bool {
        let instanceList = [instanceId]

        do {
            _ = try await ec2Client.startInstances(
                input: StartInstancesInput(
                    instanceIds: instanceList
                )
            )

            if waitUntilStarted {
                print("Waiting for the instance to start...")

                let waitOptions = WaiterOptions(maxWaitTime: 60.0)
                let output = try await ec2Client.waitUntilInstanceRunning(
                    options: waitOptions,
                    input: DescribeInstancesInput(
                        instanceIds: instanceList
                    )
                )
                switch output.result {
                case .success:
                    return true
                case .failure:
                    return false
                }
            } else {
                return true
            }
        } catch {
            print("*** Unable to start the instance: \(error.localizedDescription)")
            return false
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [StartInstances](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsec2/latest/documentation/awsec2/ec2client/startinstances(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `StopInstances`
`StopInstances`

The following code example shows how to use `StopInstances`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/ec2#code-examples). 

```
import AWSEC2

    /// Stop the specified instance.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - instanceId: The ID of the instance to stop.
    ///   - waitUntilStopped: If `true`, execution waits until the instance
    ///     has stopped. Otherwise, execution continues and the instance stops
    ///     asynchronously.
    ///
    /// - Returns: `true` if the image is successfully stopped (or is left to
    ///   stop asynchronously). `false` if the instance doesn't stop.
    func stopInstance(instanceId: String, waitUntilStopped: Bool = false) async -> Bool {
        let instanceList = [instanceId]

        do {
            _ = try await ec2Client.stopInstances(
                input: StopInstancesInput(
                    instanceIds: instanceList
                )
            )

            if waitUntilStopped {
                print("Waiting for the instance to stop. Please be patient!")

                let waitOptions = WaiterOptions(maxWaitTime: 600)
                let output = try await ec2Client.waitUntilInstanceStopped(
                    options: waitOptions,
                    input: DescribeInstancesInput(
                        instanceIds: instanceList
                    )
                )

                switch output.result {
                case .success:
                    return true
                case .failure:
                    return false
                }
            } else {
                return true
            }
        } catch {
            print("*** Unable to stop the instance: \(error.localizedDescription)")
            return false
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [StopInstances](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsec2/latest/documentation/awsec2/ec2client/stopinstances(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `TerminateInstances`
`TerminateInstances`

The following code example shows how to use `TerminateInstances`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/ec2#code-examples). 

```
import AWSEC2

    /// Terminate the specified instance.
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - instanceId: The instance to terminate.
    ///   - waitUntilTerminated: Whether or not to wait until the instance is
    ///     terminated before returning.
    /// 
    /// - Returns: `true` if terminated successfully. `false` if not or if an
    ///   error occurs.
    func terminateInstance(instanceId: String, waitUntilTerminated: Bool = false) async -> Bool {
        let instanceList = [instanceId]

        do {
            _ = try await ec2Client.terminateInstances(
                input: TerminateInstancesInput(
                    instanceIds: instanceList
                )
            )

            if waitUntilTerminated {
                print("Waiting for the instance to terminate...")

                let waitOptions = WaiterOptions(maxWaitTime: 600.0)
                let output = try await ec2Client.waitUntilInstanceTerminated(
                    options: waitOptions,
                    input: DescribeInstancesInput(
                        instanceIds: instanceList
                    )
                )

                switch output.result {
                case .success:
                    return true
                case .failure:
                    return false
                }
            } else {
                return true
            }
        } catch {
            print("*** Unable to terminate the instance: \(error.localizedDescription)")
            return false
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [TerminateInstances](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsec2/latest/documentation/awsec2/ec2client/terminateinstances(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

# AWS Glue examples using SDK for Swift
AWS Glue

The following code examples show you how to perform actions and implement common scenarios by using the AWS SDK for Swift with AWS Glue.

*Basics* are code examples that show you how to perform the essential operations within a service.

*Actions* are code excerpts from larger programs and must be run in context. While actions show you how to call individual service functions, you can see actions in context in their related scenarios.

Each example includes a link to the complete source code, where you can find instructions on how to set up and run the code in context.

**Topics**
+ [Basics](#basics)
+ [Actions](#actions)

## Basics
Basics

### Learn the basics
Learn the basics

The following code example shows how to:
+ Create a crawler that crawls a public Amazon S3 bucket and generates a database of CSV-formatted metadata.
+ List information about databases and tables in your AWS Glue Data Catalog.
+ Create a job to extract CSV data from the S3 bucket, transform the data, and load JSON-formatted output into another S3 bucket.
+ List information about job runs, view transformed data, and clean up resources.

For more information, see [Tutorial: Getting started with AWS Glue Studio](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/glue/latest/ug/tutorial-create-job.html).

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/glue#code-examples). 
The `Package.swift` file.  

```
// swift-tools-version: 5.9
//
// The swift-tools-version declares the minimum version of Swift required to
// build this package.

import PackageDescription

let package = Package(
    name: "glue-scenario",
    // Let Xcode know the minimum Apple platforms supported.
    platforms: [
        .macOS(.v13),
        .iOS(.v15)
    ],
    dependencies: [
        // Dependencies declare other packages that this package depends on.
        .package(
            url: "https://github.com/awslabs/aws-sdk-swift",
            from: "1.0.0"),
        .package(
            url: "https://github.com/apple/swift-argument-parser.git",
            branch: "main"
        )
    ],
    targets: [
        // Targets are the basic building blocks of a package, defining a module or a test suite.
        // Targets can depend on other targets in this package and products
        // from dependencies.
        .executableTarget(
            name: "glue-scenario",
            dependencies: [
                .product(name: "AWSGlue", package: "aws-sdk-swift"),
                .product(name: "AWSS3", package: "aws-sdk-swift"),
                .product(name: "ArgumentParser", package: "swift-argument-parser")
            ],
            path: "Sources")

    ]
)
```
The Swift code file, `entry.swift`.  

```
// An example that shows how to use the AWS SDK for Swift to demonstrate
// creating and using crawlers and jobs using AWS Glue.
//
// 0. Upload the Python job script to Amazon S3 so it can be used when
//    calling `startJobRun()` later.
// 1. Create a crawler, pass it the IAM role and the URL of the public Amazon
//    S3 bucket that contains the source data:
//    s3://crawler-public-us-east-1/flight/2016/csv.
// 2. Start the crawler. This takes time, so after starting it, use a loop
//    that calls `getCrawler()` until the state is "READY".
// 3. Get the database created by the crawler, and the tables in the
//    database. Display them to the user.
// 4. Create a job. Pass it the IAM role and the URL to a Python ETL script
//    previously uploaded to the user's S3 bucket.
// 5. Start a job run, passing the following custom arguments. These are
//    expected by the ETL script, so must exactly match.
//    * `--input_database: <name of the database created by the crawler>`
//    * `--input_table: <name of the table created by the crawler>`
//    * `--output_bucket_url: <URL to the scaffold bucket created for the
//      user>`
// 6. Loop and get the job run until it returns one of the following states:
//    "SUCCEEDED", "STOPPED", "FAILED", or "TIMEOUT".
// 7. Output data is stored in a group of files in the user's S3 bucket.
//    Either direct the user to their location or download a file and display
//    the results inline.
// 8. List the jobs for the user's account.
// 9. Get job run details for a job run.
// 10. Delete the demo job.
// 11. Delete the database and tables created by the example.
// 12. Delete the crawler created by the example.

import ArgumentParser
import AWSS3
import Foundation
import Smithy

import AWSClientRuntime
import AWSGlue

struct ExampleCommand: ParsableCommand {
    @Option(help: "The AWS IAM role to use for AWS Glue calls.")
    var role: String

    @Option(help: "The Amazon S3 bucket to use for this example.")
    var bucket: String

    @Option(help: "The Amazon S3 URL of the data to crawl.")
    var s3url: String = "s3://crawler-public-us-east-1/flight/2016/csv"

    @Option(help: "The Python script to run as a job with AWS Glue.")
    var script: String = "./flight_etl_job_script.py"

    @Option(help: "The AWS Region to run AWS API calls in.")
    var awsRegion = "us-east-1"

    @Option(help: "A prefix string to use when naming tables.")
    var tablePrefix = "swift-glue-basics-table"

    @Option(
        help: ArgumentHelp("The level of logging for the Swift SDK to perform."),
        completion: .list([
            "critical",
            "debug",
            "error",
            "info",
            "notice",
            "trace",
            "warning"
        ])
    )
    var logLevel: String = "error"

    static var configuration = CommandConfiguration(
        commandName: "glue-scenario",
        abstract: """
        Demonstrates various features of AWS Glue.
        """,
        discussion: """
        An example showing how to use AWS Glue to create, run, and monitor
        crawlers and jobs.
        """
    )

    /// Generate and return a unique file name that begins with the specified
    /// string.
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - prefix: Text to use at the beginning of the returned name.
    ///
    /// - Returns: A string containing a unique filename that begins with the
    ///   specified `prefix`.
    ///
    /// The returned name uses a random number between 1 million and 1 billion to
    /// provide reasonable certainty of uniqueness for the purposes of this
    /// example.
    func tempName(prefix: String) -> String {
        return "\(prefix)-\(Int.random(in: 1000000..<1000000000))"
    }

    /// Upload a file to an Amazon S3 bucket.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - s3Client: The S3 client to use when uploading the file.
    ///   - path: The local path of the source file to upload.
    ///   - toBucket: The name of the S3 bucket into which to upload the file.
    ///   - key: The key (name) to give the file in the S3 bucket.
    ///
    /// - Returns: `true` if the file is uploaded successfully, otherwise `false`.
    func uploadFile(s3Client: S3Client, path: String, toBucket: String, key: String) async -> Bool {
        do {
            let fileData: Data = try Data(contentsOf: URL(fileURLWithPath: path))
            let dataStream = ByteStream.data(fileData)
            _ = try await s3Client.putObject(
                input: PutObjectInput(
                    body: dataStream,
                    bucket: toBucket,
                    key: key
                )
            )
        } catch {
            print("*** An unexpected error occurred uploading the script to the Amazon S3 bucket \"\(bucket)\".")
            return false
        }

        return true
    }

    /// Create a new AWS Glue crawler.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - glueClient: An AWS Glue client to use for the crawler.
    ///   - crawlerName: A name for the new crawler.
    ///   - iamRole: The name of an Amazon IAM role for the crawler to use.
    ///   - s3Path: The path of an Amazon S3 folder to use as a target location.
    ///   - cronSchedule: A `cron` schedule indicating when to run the crawler.
    ///   - databaseName: The name of an AWS Glue database to operate on.
    ///
    /// - Returns: `true` if the crawler is created successfully, otherwise `false`.
    func createCrawler(glueClient: GlueClient, crawlerName: String, iamRole: String,
                       s3Path: String, cronSchedule: String, databaseName: String) async -> Bool {
        let s3Target = GlueClientTypes.S3Target(path: s3url)
        let targetList = GlueClientTypes.CrawlerTargets(s3Targets: [s3Target])

        do {
            _ = try await glueClient.createCrawler(
                input: CreateCrawlerInput(
                    databaseName: databaseName,
                    description: "Created by the AWS SDK for Swift Scenario Example for AWS Glue.",
                    name: crawlerName,
                    role: iamRole,
                    schedule: cronSchedule,
                    tablePrefix: tablePrefix,
                    targets: targetList
                )
            )
        } catch _ as AlreadyExistsException {
            print("*** A crawler named \"\(crawlerName)\" already exists.")
            return false
        } catch _ as OperationTimeoutException {
            print("*** The attempt to create the AWS Glue crawler timed out.")
            return false
        } catch {
            print("*** An unexpected error occurred creating the AWS Glue crawler: \(error.localizedDescription)")
            return false
        }

        return true
    }

    /// Delete an AWS Glue crawler.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - glueClient: The AWS Glue client to use.
    ///   - name: The name of the crawler to delete.
    ///
    /// - Returns: `true` if successful, otherwise `false`.
    func deleteCrawler(glueClient: GlueClient, name: String) async -> Bool {
        do {
            _ = try await glueClient.deleteCrawler(
                input: DeleteCrawlerInput(name: name)
            )
        } catch {
            return false
        }
        return true
    }

    /// Start running an AWS Glue crawler.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - glueClient: The AWS Glue client to use when starting the crawler.
    ///   - name: The name of the crawler to start running.
    ///
    /// - Returns: `true` if the crawler is started successfully, otherwise `false`.
    func startCrawler(glueClient: GlueClient, name: String) async -> Bool {
        do {
            _ = try await glueClient.startCrawler(
                input: StartCrawlerInput(name: name)
            )
        } catch {
            print("*** An unexpected error occurred starting the crawler.")
            return false
        }

        return true
    }

    /// Get the state of the specified AWS Glue crawler.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - glueClient: The AWS Glue client to use.
    ///   - name: The name of the crawler whose state should be returned.
    ///
    /// - Returns: A `GlueClientTypes.CrawlerState` value describing the
    ///   state of the crawler.
    func getCrawlerState(glueClient: GlueClient, name: String) async -> GlueClientTypes.CrawlerState {
        do {
            let output = try await glueClient.getCrawler(
                input: GetCrawlerInput(name: name)
            )

            // If the crawler or its state is `nil`, report that the crawler
            // is stopping. This may not be what you want for your
            // application but it works for this one!
            
            guard let crawler = output.crawler else {
                return GlueClientTypes.CrawlerState.stopping
            }
            guard let state = crawler.state else {
                return GlueClientTypes.CrawlerState.stopping            
            }
            return state
        } catch {
            return GlueClientTypes.CrawlerState.stopping
        }
    }

    /// Wait until the specified crawler is ready to run.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - glueClient: The AWS Glue client to use.
    ///   - name: The name of the crawler to wait for.
    ///
    /// - Returns: `true` if the crawler is ready, `false` if the client is
    ///   stopping (and will therefore never be ready).
    func waitUntilCrawlerReady(glueClient: GlueClient, name: String) async -> Bool {
        while true {
            let state = await getCrawlerState(glueClient: glueClient, name: name)

            if state == .ready {
                return true
            } else if state == .stopping {
                return false
            }
            
            // Wait four seconds before trying again.

            do {
                try await Task.sleep(for: .seconds(4))
            } catch {
                print("*** Error pausing the task.")
            }
        }
    }

    /// Create a new AWS Glue job.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - glueClient: The AWS Glue client to use.
    ///   - jobName: The name to give the new job.
    ///   - role: The IAM role for the job to use when accessing AWS services.
    ///   - scriptLocation: The AWS S3 URI of the script to be run by the job.
    /// 
    /// - Returns: `true` if the job is created successfully, otherwise `false`.
    func createJob(glueClient: GlueClient, name jobName: String, role: String,
                   scriptLocation: String) async -> Bool {
        let command = GlueClientTypes.JobCommand(
            name: "glueetl",
            pythonVersion: "3",
            scriptLocation: scriptLocation
        )

        do {
            _ = try await glueClient.createJob(
                input: CreateJobInput(
                    command: command,
                    description: "Created by the AWS SDK for Swift Glue basic scenario example.",
                    glueVersion: "3.0",
                    name: jobName,
                    numberOfWorkers: 10,
                    role: role,
                    workerType: .g1x
                )
            )
        } catch {
            return false
        }
        return true
    }

    /// Return a list of the AWS Glue jobs listed on the user's account.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - glueClient: The AWS Glue client to use.
    ///   - maxJobs: The maximum number of jobs to return (default: 100).
    /// 
    /// - Returns: An array of strings listing the names of all available AWS
    ///   Glue jobs.
    func listJobs(glueClient: GlueClient, maxJobs: Int = 100) async -> [String] {
        var jobList: [String] = []
        var nextToken: String?

        repeat {
            do {
                let output = try await glueClient.listJobs(
                    input: ListJobsInput(
                        maxResults: maxJobs,
                        nextToken: nextToken
                    )
                )

                guard let jobs = output.jobNames else {
                    return jobList
                }

                jobList = jobList + jobs
                nextToken = output.nextToken
            } catch {
                return jobList
            }
        } while (nextToken != nil)

        return jobList
    }

    /// Delete an AWS Glue job.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - glueClient: The AWS Glue client to use.
    ///   - jobName: The name of the job to delete.
    ///
    /// - Returns: `true` if the job is successfully deleted, otherwise `false`.
    func deleteJob(glueClient: GlueClient, name jobName: String) async -> Bool {
        do {
            _ = try await glueClient.deleteJob(
                input: DeleteJobInput(jobName: jobName)
            )
        } catch {
            return false
        }
        return true
    }

    /// Create an AWS Glue database.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - glueClient: The AWS Glue client to use.
    ///   - databaseName: The name to give the new database.
    ///   - location: The URL of the source data to use with AWS Glue.
    ///
    /// - Returns: `true` if the database is created successfully, otherwise `false`.
    func createDatabase(glueClient: GlueClient, name databaseName: String, location: String) async -> Bool {
        let databaseInput = GlueClientTypes.DatabaseInput(
            description: "Created by the AWS SDK for Swift Glue basic scenario example.",
            locationUri: location,
            name: databaseName
        )

        do {
            _ = try await glueClient.createDatabase(
                input: CreateDatabaseInput(
                    databaseInput: databaseInput
                )
            )
        } catch {
            return false
        }

        return true
    }

    /// Get the AWS Glue database with the specified name.
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - glueClient: The AWS Glue client to use.
    ///   - name: The name of the database to return.
    ///
    /// - Returns: The `GlueClientTypes.Database` object describing the
    ///   specified database, or `nil` if an error occurs or the database
    ///   isn't found.
    func getDatabase(glueClient: GlueClient, name: String) async -> GlueClientTypes.Database? {
        do {
            let output = try await glueClient.getDatabase(
                input: GetDatabaseInput(name: name)
            )

            return output.database
        } catch {
            return nil
        }
    }

    /// Returns a list of the tables in the specified database.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - glueClient: The AWS Glue client to use.
    ///   - databaseName: The name of the database whose tables are to be
    ///     returned.
    ///
    /// - Returns: An array of `GlueClientTypes.Table` objects, each
    ///   describing one table in the named database. An empty array indicates
    ///   that there are either no tables in the database, or an error
    ///   occurred before any tables could be found.
    func getTablesInDatabase(glueClient: GlueClient, databaseName: String) async -> [GlueClientTypes.Table] {
        var tables: [GlueClientTypes.Table] = []
        var nextToken: String?

        repeat {
            do {
                let output = try await glueClient.getTables(
                    input: GetTablesInput(
                        databaseName: databaseName,
                        nextToken: nextToken
                    )
                )

                guard let tableList = output.tableList else {
                    return tables
                }

                tables = tables + tableList
                nextToken = output.nextToken
            } catch {
                return tables
            }
        } while nextToken != nil

        return tables
    }

    /// Delete the specified database.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - glueClient: The AWS Glue client to use.
    ///   - databaseName: The name of the database to delete.
    ///   - deleteTables: A Bool indicating whether or not to delete the
    ///     tables in the database before attempting to delete the database.
    /// 
    /// - Returns: `true` if the database (and optionally its tables) are
    ///   deleted, otherwise `false`.
    func deleteDatabase(glueClient: GlueClient, name databaseName: String,
                        withTables deleteTables: Bool = false) async -> Bool {
        if deleteTables {
            var tableNames: [String] = []

            // Get a list of the names of all of the tables in the database.

            let tableList = await self.getTablesInDatabase(glueClient: glueClient, databaseName: databaseName)
            for table in tableList {
                guard let name = table.name else {
                    continue
                }
                tableNames.append(name)
            }

            // Delete the tables. If there's only one table, use
            // `deleteTable()`, otherwise, use `batchDeleteTable()`. You can
            // use `batchDeleteTable()` for a single table, but this
            // demonstrates the use of `deleteTable()`.

            if tableNames.count == 1 {
                do {
                    print("    Deleting table...")
                    _ = try await glueClient.deleteTable(
                        input: DeleteTableInput(
                            databaseName: databaseName,
                            name: tableNames[0]
                        )
                    )
                } catch {
                    print("*** Unable to delete the table.")
                }
            } else {
                do {
                    print("    Deleting tables...")
                    _ = try await glueClient.batchDeleteTable(
                        input: BatchDeleteTableInput(
                            databaseName: databaseName,
                            tablesToDelete: tableNames
                        )
                    )
                } catch {
                    print("*** Unable to delete the tables.")
                }
            }
        }

        // Delete the database itself.

        do {
            print("    Deleting the database itself...")
            _ = try await glueClient.deleteDatabase(
                input: DeleteDatabaseInput(name: databaseName)
            )
        } catch {
            print("*** Unable to delete the database.")
            return false
        }
        return true
    }

    /// Start an AWS Glue job run.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - glueClient: The AWS Glue client to use.
    ///   - jobName: The name of the job to run.
    ///   - databaseName: The name of the AWS Glue database to run the job against.
    ///   - tableName: The name of the table in the database to run the job against.
    ///   - outputURL: The AWS S3 URI of the bucket location into which to
    ///     write the resulting output.
    ///
    /// - Returns: `true` if the job run is started successfully, otherwise `false`.
    func startJobRun(glueClient: GlueClient, name jobName: String, databaseName: String,
                     tableName: String, outputURL: String) async -> String? {
        do {
            let output = try await glueClient.startJobRun(
                input: StartJobRunInput(
                    arguments: [
                        "--input_database": databaseName,
                        "--input_table": tableName,
                        "--output_bucket_url": outputURL
                    ],
                    jobName: jobName,
                    numberOfWorkers: 10,
                    workerType: .g1x
                )
            )

            guard let id = output.jobRunId else {
                return nil
            }

            return id
        } catch {
            return nil
        }
    }

    /// Return a list of the job runs for the specified job.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - glueClient: The AWS Glue client to use.
    ///   - jobName: The name of the job for which to return its job runs.
    ///   - maxResults: The maximum number of job runs to return (default:
    ///     1000).
    ///
    /// - Returns: An array of `GlueClientTypes.JobRun` objects describing
    ///   each job run.
    func getJobRuns(glueClient: GlueClient, name jobName: String, maxResults: Int? = nil) async -> [GlueClientTypes.JobRun] {
        do {
            let output = try await glueClient.getJobRuns(
                input: GetJobRunsInput(
                    jobName: jobName,
                    maxResults: maxResults
                )
            )

            guard let jobRuns = output.jobRuns else {
                print("*** No job runs found.")
                return []
            }

            return jobRuns
        } catch is EntityNotFoundException {
            print("*** The specified job name, \(jobName), doesn't exist.")
            return []
        } catch {
            print("*** Unexpected error getting job runs:")
            dump(error)
            return []
        }
    }

    /// Get information about a specific AWS Glue job run.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - glueClient: The AWS Glue client to use.
    ///   - jobName: The name of the job to return job run data for.
    ///   - id: The run ID of the specific job run to return.
    ///
    /// - Returns: A `GlueClientTypes.JobRun` object describing the state of
    ///   the job run, or `nil` if an error occurs.
    func getJobRun(glueClient: GlueClient, name jobName: String, id: String) async -> GlueClientTypes.JobRun? {
        do {
            let output = try await glueClient.getJobRun(
                input: GetJobRunInput(
                    jobName: jobName,
                    runId: id
                )
            )

            return output.jobRun
        } catch {
            return nil
        }
    }

    /// Called by ``main()`` to run the bulk of the example.
    func runAsync() async throws {
        // A name to give the Python script upon upload to the Amazon S3
        // bucket.
        let scriptName = "jobscript.py"

        // Schedule string in `cron` format, as described here:
        // https://docs.aws.amazon.com/glue/latest/dg/monitor-data-warehouse-schedule.html
        let cron = "cron(15 12 * * ? *)"

        let glueConfig = try await GlueClient.GlueClientConfiguration(region: awsRegion)
        let glueClient = GlueClient(config: glueConfig)

        let s3Config = try await S3Client.S3ClientConfiguration(region: awsRegion)
        let s3Client = S3Client(config: s3Config)

        // Create random names for things that need them.

        let crawlerName = tempName(prefix: "swift-glue-basics-crawler")
        let databaseName = tempName(prefix: "swift-glue-basics-db")

        // Create a name for the AWS Glue job.

        let jobName = tempName(prefix: "scenario-job")

        // The URL of the Python script on S3.

        let scriptURL = "s3://\(bucket)/\(scriptName)"

        print("Welcome to the AWS SDK for Swift basic scenario for AWS Glue!")

        //=====================================================================
        // 0. Upload the Python script to the target bucket so it's available
        //    for use by the Amazon Glue service.
        //=====================================================================

        print("Uploading the Python script: \(script) as key \(scriptName)")
        print("Destination bucket: \(bucket)")
        if !(await uploadFile(s3Client: s3Client, path: script, toBucket: bucket, key: scriptName)) {
            return
        }

        //=====================================================================
        // 1. Create the database and crawler using the randomized names
        //    generated previously.
        //=====================================================================

        print("Creating database \"\(databaseName)\"...")
        if !(await createDatabase(glueClient: glueClient, name: databaseName, location: s3url)) {
            print("*** Unable to create the database.")
            return
        }

        print("Creating crawler \"\(crawlerName)\"...")
        if !(await createCrawler(glueClient: glueClient, crawlerName: crawlerName,
                                 iamRole: role, s3Path: s3url, cronSchedule: cron,
                                 databaseName: databaseName)) {
            return
        }

        //=====================================================================
        // 2. Start the crawler, then wait for it to be ready.
        //=====================================================================

        print("Starting the crawler and waiting until it's ready...")
        if !(await startCrawler(glueClient: glueClient, name: crawlerName)) {
            _ = await deleteCrawler(glueClient: glueClient, name: crawlerName)
            return
        }

        if !(await waitUntilCrawlerReady(glueClient: glueClient, name: crawlerName)) {
            _ = await deleteCrawler(glueClient: glueClient, name: crawlerName)
        }

        //=====================================================================
        // 3. Get the database and table created by the crawler.
        //=====================================================================

        print("Getting the crawler's database...")
        let database = await getDatabase(glueClient: glueClient, name: databaseName)

        guard let database else {
            print("*** Unable to get the database.")
            return
        }
        print("Database URI: \(database.locationUri ?? "<unknown>")")

        let tableList = await getTablesInDatabase(glueClient: glueClient, databaseName: databaseName)

        print("Found \(tableList.count) table(s):")
        for table in tableList {
            print("  \(table.name ?? "<unnamed>")")
        }

        if tableList.count != 1 {
            print("*** Incorrect number of tables found. There should only be one.")
            _ = await deleteDatabase(glueClient: glueClient, name: databaseName, withTables: true)
            _ = await deleteCrawler(glueClient: glueClient, name: crawlerName)
            return
        }

        guard let tableName = tableList[0].name else {
            print("*** Table is unnamed.")
            _ = await deleteDatabase(glueClient: glueClient, name: databaseName, withTables: true)
            _ = await deleteCrawler(glueClient: glueClient, name: crawlerName)
            return
        }

        //=====================================================================
        // 4. Create a job.
        //=====================================================================

        print("Creating a job...")
        if !(await createJob(glueClient: glueClient, name: jobName, role: role,
                             scriptLocation: scriptURL)) {
            _ = await deleteDatabase(glueClient: glueClient, name: databaseName, withTables: true)
            _ = await deleteCrawler(glueClient: glueClient, name: crawlerName)
            return
        }

        //=====================================================================
        // 5. Start a job run.
        //=====================================================================

        print("Starting the job...")

        // Construct the Amazon S3 URL for the job run's output. This is in
        // the bucket specified on the command line, with a folder name that's
        // unique for this job run.

        let timeStamp = Date().timeIntervalSince1970
        let jobPath = "\(jobName)-\(Int(timeStamp))"
        let outputURL = "s3://\(bucket)/\(jobPath)"

        // Start the job run.

        let jobRunID = await startJobRun(glueClient: glueClient, name: jobName,
                                         databaseName: databaseName,
                                         tableName: tableName,
                                         outputURL: outputURL)

        guard let jobRunID else {
            print("*** Job run ID is invalid.")
            _ = await deleteJob(glueClient: glueClient, name: jobName)
            _ = await deleteDatabase(glueClient: glueClient, name: databaseName, withTables: true)
            _ = await deleteCrawler(glueClient: glueClient, name: crawlerName)
            return
        }

        //=====================================================================
        // 6. Wait for the job run to indicate that the run is complete.
        //=====================================================================

        print("Waiting for job run to end...")

        var jobRunFinished = false
        var jobRunState: GlueClientTypes.JobRunState

        repeat {
            let jobRun = await getJobRun(glueClient: glueClient, name: jobName, id: jobRunID)
            guard let jobRun else {
                print("*** Unable to get the job run.")
                _ = await deleteJob(glueClient: glueClient, name: jobName)
                _ = await deleteDatabase(glueClient: glueClient, name: databaseName, withTables: true)
                _ = await deleteCrawler(glueClient: glueClient, name: crawlerName)
                return
            }
            jobRunState = jobRun.jobRunState ?? .failed

            //=====================================================================
            // 7. Output where to find the data if the job run was successful.
            //    If the job run failed for any reason, output an appropriate
            //    error message.
            //=====================================================================

            switch jobRunState {
                case .succeeded:
                    print("Job run succeeded. JSON files are in the Amazon S3 path:")
                    print("    \(outputURL)")
                    jobRunFinished = true
                case .stopped:
                    jobRunFinished = true
                case .error:
                    print("*** Error: Job run ended in an error. \(jobRun.errorMessage ?? "")")
                    jobRunFinished = true
                case .failed:
                    print("*** Error: Job run failed. \(jobRun.errorMessage ?? "")")
                    jobRunFinished = true
                case .timeout:
                    print("*** Warning: Job run timed out.")
                    jobRunFinished = true
                default:
                    do {
                        try await Task.sleep(for: .milliseconds(250))
                    } catch {
                        print("*** Error pausing the task.")
                    }
            }
        } while jobRunFinished != true

        //=====================================================================
        // 7.5. List the job runs for this job, showing each job run's ID and
        // its execution time.
        //=====================================================================

        print("Getting all job runs for the job \(jobName):")
        let jobRuns = await getJobRuns(glueClient: glueClient, name: jobName)

        if jobRuns.count == 0 {
            print("    <no job runs found>")
        } else {
            print("Found \(jobRuns.count) job runs... listing execution times:")
            for jobRun in jobRuns {
                print("    \(jobRun.id ?? "<unnamed>"): \(jobRun.executionTime) seconds")
            }
        }

        //=====================================================================
        // 8. List the jobs for the user's account.
        //=====================================================================

        print("\nThe account has the following jobs:")
        let jobs = await listJobs(glueClient: glueClient)

        if jobs.count == 0 {
            print("    <no jobs found>")
        } else {
            for job in jobs {
                print("    \(job)")
            }
        }

        //=====================================================================
        // 9. Get the job run details for a job run.
        //=====================================================================

        print("Information about the job run:")
        let jobRun = await getJobRun(glueClient: glueClient, name: jobName, id: jobRunID)

        guard let jobRun else {
            print("*** Unable to retrieve the job run.")
            _ = await deleteJob(glueClient: glueClient, name: jobName)
            _ = await deleteDatabase(glueClient: glueClient, name: databaseName, withTables: true)
            _ = await deleteCrawler(glueClient: glueClient, name: crawlerName)
            return
        }

        let startDate = jobRun.startedOn ?? Date(timeIntervalSince1970: 0)
        let endDate = jobRun.completedOn ?? Date(timeIntervalSince1970: 0)
        let dateFormatter: DateFormatter = DateFormatter()
        dateFormatter.dateStyle = .long
        dateFormatter.timeStyle = .long

        print("    Started at: \(dateFormatter.string(from: startDate))")
        print("  Completed at: \(dateFormatter.string(from: endDate))")

        //=====================================================================
        // 10. Delete the job.
        //=====================================================================

        print("\nDeleting the job...")
        _ = await deleteJob(glueClient: glueClient, name: jobName)

        //=====================================================================
        // 11. Delete the database and tables created by this example.
        //=====================================================================

        print("Deleting the database...")
        _ = await deleteDatabase(glueClient: glueClient, name: databaseName, withTables: true)

        //=====================================================================
        // 12. Delete the crawler.
        //=====================================================================

        print("Deleting the crawler...")
        if !(await deleteCrawler(glueClient: glueClient, name: crawlerName)) {
            return
        }
    }
}

/// The program's asynchronous entry point.
@main
struct Main {
    static func main() async {
        let args = Array(CommandLine.arguments.dropFirst())

        do {
            let command = try ExampleCommand.parse(args)
            try await command.runAsync()
        } catch {
            ExampleCommand.exit(withError: error)
        }
    }    
}
```
+ For API details, see the following topics in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*.
  + [CreateCrawler](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsglue/latest/documentation/awsglue/glueclient/createcrawler(input:))
  + [CreateJob](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsglue/latest/documentation/awsglue/glueclient/createjob(input:))
  + [DeleteCrawler](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsglue/latest/documentation/awsglue/glueclient/deletecrawler(input:))
  + [DeleteDatabase](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsglue/latest/documentation/awsglue/glueclient/deletedatabase(input:))
  + [DeleteJob](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsglue/latest/documentation/awsglue/glueclient/deletejob(input:))
  + [DeleteTable](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsglue/latest/documentation/awsglue/glueclient/deletetable(input:))
  + [GetCrawler](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsglue/latest/documentation/awsglue/glueclient/getcrawler(input:))
  + [GetDatabase](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsglue/latest/documentation/awsglue/glueclient/getdatabase(input:))
  + [GetDatabases](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsglue/latest/documentation/awsglue/glueclient/getdatabases(input:))
  + [GetJob](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsglue/latest/documentation/awsglue/glueclient/getjob(input:))
  + [GetJobRun](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsglue/latest/documentation/awsglue/glueclient/getjobrun(input:))
  + [GetJobRuns](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsglue/latest/documentation/awsglue/glueclient/getjobruns(input:))
  + [GetTables](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsglue/latest/documentation/awsglue/glueclient/gettables(input:))
  + [ListJobs](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsglue/latest/documentation/awsglue/glueclient/listjobs(input:))
  + [StartCrawler](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsglue/latest/documentation/awsglue/glueclient/startcrawler(input:))
  + [StartJobRun](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsglue/latest/documentation/awsglue/glueclient/startjobrun(input:))

## Actions
Actions

### `CreateCrawler`
`CreateCrawler`

The following code example shows how to use `CreateCrawler`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/glue#code-examples). 

```
import AWSClientRuntime
import AWSGlue

    /// Create a new AWS Glue crawler.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - glueClient: An AWS Glue client to use for the crawler.
    ///   - crawlerName: A name for the new crawler.
    ///   - iamRole: The name of an Amazon IAM role for the crawler to use.
    ///   - s3Path: The path of an Amazon S3 folder to use as a target location.
    ///   - cronSchedule: A `cron` schedule indicating when to run the crawler.
    ///   - databaseName: The name of an AWS Glue database to operate on.
    ///
    /// - Returns: `true` if the crawler is created successfully, otherwise `false`.
    func createCrawler(glueClient: GlueClient, crawlerName: String, iamRole: String,
                       s3Path: String, cronSchedule: String, databaseName: String) async -> Bool {
        let s3Target = GlueClientTypes.S3Target(path: s3url)
        let targetList = GlueClientTypes.CrawlerTargets(s3Targets: [s3Target])

        do {
            _ = try await glueClient.createCrawler(
                input: CreateCrawlerInput(
                    databaseName: databaseName,
                    description: "Created by the AWS SDK for Swift Scenario Example for AWS Glue.",
                    name: crawlerName,
                    role: iamRole,
                    schedule: cronSchedule,
                    tablePrefix: tablePrefix,
                    targets: targetList
                )
            )
        } catch _ as AlreadyExistsException {
            print("*** A crawler named \"\(crawlerName)\" already exists.")
            return false
        } catch _ as OperationTimeoutException {
            print("*** The attempt to create the AWS Glue crawler timed out.")
            return false
        } catch {
            print("*** An unexpected error occurred creating the AWS Glue crawler: \(error.localizedDescription)")
            return false
        }

        return true
    }
```
+  For API details, see [CreateCrawler](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsglue/latest/documentation/awsglue/glueclient/createcrawler(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `CreateJob`
`CreateJob`

The following code example shows how to use `CreateJob`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/glue#code-examples). 

```
import AWSClientRuntime
import AWSGlue

    /// Create a new AWS Glue job.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - glueClient: The AWS Glue client to use.
    ///   - jobName: The name to give the new job.
    ///   - role: The IAM role for the job to use when accessing AWS services.
    ///   - scriptLocation: The AWS S3 URI of the script to be run by the job.
    /// 
    /// - Returns: `true` if the job is created successfully, otherwise `false`.
    func createJob(glueClient: GlueClient, name jobName: String, role: String,
                   scriptLocation: String) async -> Bool {
        let command = GlueClientTypes.JobCommand(
            name: "glueetl",
            pythonVersion: "3",
            scriptLocation: scriptLocation
        )

        do {
            _ = try await glueClient.createJob(
                input: CreateJobInput(
                    command: command,
                    description: "Created by the AWS SDK for Swift Glue basic scenario example.",
                    glueVersion: "3.0",
                    name: jobName,
                    numberOfWorkers: 10,
                    role: role,
                    workerType: .g1x
                )
            )
        } catch {
            return false
        }
        return true
    }
```
+  For API details, see [CreateJob](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsglue/latest/documentation/awsglue/glueclient/createjob(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `DeleteCrawler`
`DeleteCrawler`

The following code example shows how to use `DeleteCrawler`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/glue#code-examples). 

```
import AWSClientRuntime
import AWSGlue

    /// Delete an AWS Glue crawler.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - glueClient: The AWS Glue client to use.
    ///   - name: The name of the crawler to delete.
    ///
    /// - Returns: `true` if successful, otherwise `false`.
    func deleteCrawler(glueClient: GlueClient, name: String) async -> Bool {
        do {
            _ = try await glueClient.deleteCrawler(
                input: DeleteCrawlerInput(name: name)
            )
        } catch {
            return false
        }
        return true
    }
```
+  For API details, see [DeleteCrawler](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsglue/latest/documentation/awsglue/glueclient/deletecrawler(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `DeleteDatabase`
`DeleteDatabase`

The following code example shows how to use `DeleteDatabase`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/glue#code-examples). 

```
import AWSClientRuntime
import AWSGlue

    /// Delete the specified database.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - glueClient: The AWS Glue client to use.
    ///   - databaseName: The name of the database to delete.
    ///   - deleteTables: A Bool indicating whether or not to delete the
    ///     tables in the database before attempting to delete the database.
    /// 
    /// - Returns: `true` if the database (and optionally its tables) are
    ///   deleted, otherwise `false`.
    func deleteDatabase(glueClient: GlueClient, name databaseName: String,
                        withTables deleteTables: Bool = false) async -> Bool {
        if deleteTables {
            var tableNames: [String] = []

            // Get a list of the names of all of the tables in the database.

            let tableList = await self.getTablesInDatabase(glueClient: glueClient, databaseName: databaseName)
            for table in tableList {
                guard let name = table.name else {
                    continue
                }
                tableNames.append(name)
            }

            // Delete the tables. If there's only one table, use
            // `deleteTable()`, otherwise, use `batchDeleteTable()`. You can
            // use `batchDeleteTable()` for a single table, but this
            // demonstrates the use of `deleteTable()`.

            if tableNames.count == 1 {
                do {
                    print("    Deleting table...")
                    _ = try await glueClient.deleteTable(
                        input: DeleteTableInput(
                            databaseName: databaseName,
                            name: tableNames[0]
                        )
                    )
                } catch {
                    print("*** Unable to delete the table.")
                }
            } else {
                do {
                    print("    Deleting tables...")
                    _ = try await glueClient.batchDeleteTable(
                        input: BatchDeleteTableInput(
                            databaseName: databaseName,
                            tablesToDelete: tableNames
                        )
                    )
                } catch {
                    print("*** Unable to delete the tables.")
                }
            }
        }

        // Delete the database itself.

        do {
            print("    Deleting the database itself...")
            _ = try await glueClient.deleteDatabase(
                input: DeleteDatabaseInput(name: databaseName)
            )
        } catch {
            print("*** Unable to delete the database.")
            return false
        }
        return true
    }
```
+  For API details, see [DeleteDatabase](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsglue/latest/documentation/awsglue/glueclient/deletedatabase(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `DeleteJob`
`DeleteJob`

The following code example shows how to use `DeleteJob`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/glue#code-examples). 

```
import AWSClientRuntime
import AWSGlue

    /// Delete an AWS Glue job.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - glueClient: The AWS Glue client to use.
    ///   - jobName: The name of the job to delete.
    ///
    /// - Returns: `true` if the job is successfully deleted, otherwise `false`.
    func deleteJob(glueClient: GlueClient, name jobName: String) async -> Bool {
        do {
            _ = try await glueClient.deleteJob(
                input: DeleteJobInput(jobName: jobName)
            )
        } catch {
            return false
        }
        return true
    }
```
+  For API details, see [DeleteJob](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsglue/latest/documentation/awsglue/glueclient/deletejob(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `DeleteTable`
`DeleteTable`

The following code example shows how to use `DeleteTable`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/glue#code-examples). 

```
import AWSClientRuntime
import AWSGlue

                do {
                    print("    Deleting table...")
                    _ = try await glueClient.deleteTable(
                        input: DeleteTableInput(
                            databaseName: databaseName,
                            name: tableNames[0]
                        )
                    )
                } catch {
                    print("*** Unable to delete the table.")
                }
```
+  For API details, see [DeleteTable](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsglue/latest/documentation/awsglue/glueclient/deletetable(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `GetCrawler`
`GetCrawler`

The following code example shows how to use `GetCrawler`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/glue#code-examples). 

```
import AWSClientRuntime
import AWSGlue

    /// Get the state of the specified AWS Glue crawler.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - glueClient: The AWS Glue client to use.
    ///   - name: The name of the crawler whose state should be returned.
    ///
    /// - Returns: A `GlueClientTypes.CrawlerState` value describing the
    ///   state of the crawler.
    func getCrawlerState(glueClient: GlueClient, name: String) async -> GlueClientTypes.CrawlerState {
        do {
            let output = try await glueClient.getCrawler(
                input: GetCrawlerInput(name: name)
            )

            // If the crawler or its state is `nil`, report that the crawler
            // is stopping. This may not be what you want for your
            // application but it works for this one!
            
            guard let crawler = output.crawler else {
                return GlueClientTypes.CrawlerState.stopping
            }
            guard let state = crawler.state else {
                return GlueClientTypes.CrawlerState.stopping            
            }
            return state
        } catch {
            return GlueClientTypes.CrawlerState.stopping
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [GetCrawler](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsglue/latest/documentation/awsglue/glueclient/getcrawler(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `GetDatabase`
`GetDatabase`

The following code example shows how to use `GetDatabase`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/glue#code-examples). 

```
import AWSClientRuntime
import AWSGlue

    /// Get the AWS Glue database with the specified name.
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - glueClient: The AWS Glue client to use.
    ///   - name: The name of the database to return.
    ///
    /// - Returns: The `GlueClientTypes.Database` object describing the
    ///   specified database, or `nil` if an error occurs or the database
    ///   isn't found.
    func getDatabase(glueClient: GlueClient, name: String) async -> GlueClientTypes.Database? {
        do {
            let output = try await glueClient.getDatabase(
                input: GetDatabaseInput(name: name)
            )

            return output.database
        } catch {
            return nil
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [GetDatabase](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsglue/latest/documentation/awsglue/glueclient/getdatabase(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `GetJobRun`
`GetJobRun`

The following code example shows how to use `GetJobRun`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/glue#code-examples). 

```
import AWSClientRuntime
import AWSGlue

    /// Get information about a specific AWS Glue job run.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - glueClient: The AWS Glue client to use.
    ///   - jobName: The name of the job to return job run data for.
    ///   - id: The run ID of the specific job run to return.
    ///
    /// - Returns: A `GlueClientTypes.JobRun` object describing the state of
    ///   the job run, or `nil` if an error occurs.
    func getJobRun(glueClient: GlueClient, name jobName: String, id: String) async -> GlueClientTypes.JobRun? {
        do {
            let output = try await glueClient.getJobRun(
                input: GetJobRunInput(
                    jobName: jobName,
                    runId: id
                )
            )

            return output.jobRun
        } catch {
            return nil
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [GetJobRun](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsglue/latest/documentation/awsglue/glueclient/getjobrun(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `GetJobRuns`
`GetJobRuns`

The following code example shows how to use `GetJobRuns`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/glue#code-examples). 

```
import AWSClientRuntime
import AWSGlue

    /// Return a list of the job runs for the specified job.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - glueClient: The AWS Glue client to use.
    ///   - jobName: The name of the job for which to return its job runs.
    ///   - maxResults: The maximum number of job runs to return (default:
    ///     1000).
    ///
    /// - Returns: An array of `GlueClientTypes.JobRun` objects describing
    ///   each job run.
    func getJobRuns(glueClient: GlueClient, name jobName: String, maxResults: Int? = nil) async -> [GlueClientTypes.JobRun] {
        do {
            let output = try await glueClient.getJobRuns(
                input: GetJobRunsInput(
                    jobName: jobName,
                    maxResults: maxResults
                )
            )

            guard let jobRuns = output.jobRuns else {
                print("*** No job runs found.")
                return []
            }

            return jobRuns
        } catch is EntityNotFoundException {
            print("*** The specified job name, \(jobName), doesn't exist.")
            return []
        } catch {
            print("*** Unexpected error getting job runs:")
            dump(error)
            return []
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [GetJobRuns](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsglue/latest/documentation/awsglue/glueclient/getjobruns(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `GetTables`
`GetTables`

The following code example shows how to use `GetTables`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/glue#code-examples). 

```
import AWSClientRuntime
import AWSGlue

    /// Returns a list of the tables in the specified database.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - glueClient: The AWS Glue client to use.
    ///   - databaseName: The name of the database whose tables are to be
    ///     returned.
    ///
    /// - Returns: An array of `GlueClientTypes.Table` objects, each
    ///   describing one table in the named database. An empty array indicates
    ///   that there are either no tables in the database, or an error
    ///   occurred before any tables could be found.
    func getTablesInDatabase(glueClient: GlueClient, databaseName: String) async -> [GlueClientTypes.Table] {
        var tables: [GlueClientTypes.Table] = []
        var nextToken: String?

        repeat {
            do {
                let output = try await glueClient.getTables(
                    input: GetTablesInput(
                        databaseName: databaseName,
                        nextToken: nextToken
                    )
                )

                guard let tableList = output.tableList else {
                    return tables
                }

                tables = tables + tableList
                nextToken = output.nextToken
            } catch {
                return tables
            }
        } while nextToken != nil

        return tables
    }
```
+  For API details, see [GetTables](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsglue/latest/documentation/awsglue/glueclient/gettables(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `ListJobs`
`ListJobs`

The following code example shows how to use `ListJobs`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/glue#code-examples). 

```
import AWSClientRuntime
import AWSGlue

    /// Return a list of the AWS Glue jobs listed on the user's account.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - glueClient: The AWS Glue client to use.
    ///   - maxJobs: The maximum number of jobs to return (default: 100).
    /// 
    /// - Returns: An array of strings listing the names of all available AWS
    ///   Glue jobs.
    func listJobs(glueClient: GlueClient, maxJobs: Int = 100) async -> [String] {
        var jobList: [String] = []
        var nextToken: String?

        repeat {
            do {
                let output = try await glueClient.listJobs(
                    input: ListJobsInput(
                        maxResults: maxJobs,
                        nextToken: nextToken
                    )
                )

                guard let jobs = output.jobNames else {
                    return jobList
                }

                jobList = jobList + jobs
                nextToken = output.nextToken
            } catch {
                return jobList
            }
        } while (nextToken != nil)

        return jobList
    }
```
+  For API details, see [ListJobs](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsglue/latest/documentation/awsglue/glueclient/listjobs(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `StartCrawler`
`StartCrawler`

The following code example shows how to use `StartCrawler`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/glue#code-examples). 

```
import AWSClientRuntime
import AWSGlue

    /// Start running an AWS Glue crawler.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - glueClient: The AWS Glue client to use when starting the crawler.
    ///   - name: The name of the crawler to start running.
    ///
    /// - Returns: `true` if the crawler is started successfully, otherwise `false`.
    func startCrawler(glueClient: GlueClient, name: String) async -> Bool {
        do {
            _ = try await glueClient.startCrawler(
                input: StartCrawlerInput(name: name)
            )
        } catch {
            print("*** An unexpected error occurred starting the crawler.")
            return false
        }

        return true
    }
```
+  For API details, see [StartCrawler](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsglue/latest/documentation/awsglue/glueclient/startcrawler(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `StartJobRun`
`StartJobRun`

The following code example shows how to use `StartJobRun`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/glue#code-examples). 

```
import AWSClientRuntime
import AWSGlue

    /// Start an AWS Glue job run.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - glueClient: The AWS Glue client to use.
    ///   - jobName: The name of the job to run.
    ///   - databaseName: The name of the AWS Glue database to run the job against.
    ///   - tableName: The name of the table in the database to run the job against.
    ///   - outputURL: The AWS S3 URI of the bucket location into which to
    ///     write the resulting output.
    ///
    /// - Returns: `true` if the job run is started successfully, otherwise `false`.
    func startJobRun(glueClient: GlueClient, name jobName: String, databaseName: String,
                     tableName: String, outputURL: String) async -> String? {
        do {
            let output = try await glueClient.startJobRun(
                input: StartJobRunInput(
                    arguments: [
                        "--input_database": databaseName,
                        "--input_table": tableName,
                        "--output_bucket_url": outputURL
                    ],
                    jobName: jobName,
                    numberOfWorkers: 10,
                    workerType: .g1x
                )
            )

            guard let id = output.jobRunId else {
                return nil
            }

            return id
        } catch {
            return nil
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [StartJobRun](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsglue/latest/documentation/awsglue/glueclient/startjobrun(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

# IAM examples using SDK for Swift
IAM

The following code examples show you how to perform actions and implement common scenarios by using the AWS SDK for Swift with IAM.

*Actions* are code excerpts from larger programs and must be run in context. While actions show you how to call individual service functions, you can see actions in context in their related scenarios.

Each example includes a link to the complete source code, where you can find instructions on how to set up and run the code in context.

**Topics**
+ [Actions](#actions)

## Actions
Actions

### `AttachRolePolicy`
`AttachRolePolicy`

The following code example shows how to use `AttachRolePolicy`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/iam#code-examples). 

```
import AWSIAM
import AWSS3


    public func attachRolePolicy(role: String, policyArn: String) async throws {
        let input = AttachRolePolicyInput(
            policyArn: policyArn,
            roleName: role
        )
        do {
            _ = try await client.attachRolePolicy(input: input)
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: Attaching a role policy:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [AttachRolePolicy](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsiam/latest/documentation/awsiam/iamclient/attachrolepolicy(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `CreateAccessKey`
`CreateAccessKey`

The following code example shows how to use `CreateAccessKey`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/iam#code-examples). 

```
import AWSIAM
import AWSS3


    public func createAccessKey(userName: String) async throws -> IAMClientTypes.AccessKey {
        let input = CreateAccessKeyInput(
            userName: userName
        )
        do {
            let output = try await iamClient.createAccessKey(input: input)
            guard let accessKey = output.accessKey else {
                throw ServiceHandlerError.keyError
            }
            return accessKey
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: createAccessKey:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [CreateAccessKey](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsiam/latest/documentation/awsiam/iamclient/createaccesskey(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `CreatePolicy`
`CreatePolicy`

The following code example shows how to use `CreatePolicy`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/iam#code-examples). 

```
import AWSIAM
import AWSS3


    public func createPolicy(name: String, policyDocument: String) async throws -> IAMClientTypes.Policy {
        let input = CreatePolicyInput(
            policyDocument: policyDocument,
            policyName: name
        )
        do {
            let output = try await iamClient.createPolicy(input: input)
            guard let policy = output.policy else {
                throw ServiceHandlerError.noSuchPolicy
            }
            return policy
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: createPolicy:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [CreatePolicy](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsiam/latest/documentation/awsiam/iamclient/createpolicy(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `CreateRole`
`CreateRole`

The following code example shows how to use `CreateRole`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/iam#code-examples). 

```
import AWSIAM
import AWSS3


    public func createRole(name: String, policyDocument: String) async throws -> String {
        let input = CreateRoleInput(
            assumeRolePolicyDocument: policyDocument,
            roleName: name
        )
        do {
            let output = try await client.createRole(input: input)
            guard let role = output.role else {
                throw ServiceHandlerError.noSuchRole
            }
            guard let id = role.roleId else {
                throw ServiceHandlerError.noSuchRole
            }
            return id
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: createRole:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [CreateRole](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsiam/latest/documentation/awsiam/iamclient/createrole(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `CreateServiceLinkedRole`
`CreateServiceLinkedRole`

The following code example shows how to use `CreateServiceLinkedRole`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/iam#code-examples). 

```
import AWSIAM
import AWSS3


    public func createServiceLinkedRole(service: String, suffix: String? = nil, description: String?)
                    async throws -> IAMClientTypes.Role {
        let input = CreateServiceLinkedRoleInput(
            awsServiceName: service,
            customSuffix: suffix,
            description: description
        )
        do {
            let output = try await client.createServiceLinkedRole(input: input)
            guard let role = output.role else {
                throw ServiceHandlerError.noSuchRole
            }
            return role
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: createServiceLinkedRole:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [CreateServiceLinkedRole](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsiam/latest/documentation/awsiam/iamclient/createservicelinkedrole(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `CreateUser`
`CreateUser`

The following code example shows how to use `CreateUser`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/iam#code-examples). 

```
import AWSIAM
import AWSS3


    public func createUser(name: String) async throws -> String {
        let input = CreateUserInput(
            userName: name
        )
        do {
            let output = try await client.createUser(input: input)
            guard let user = output.user else {
                throw ServiceHandlerError.noSuchUser
            }
            guard let id = user.userId else {
                throw ServiceHandlerError.noSuchUser
            }
            return id
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: createUser:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [CreateUser](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsiam/latest/documentation/awsiam/iamclient/createuser(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `DeleteAccessKey`
`DeleteAccessKey`

The following code example shows how to use `DeleteAccessKey`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/iam#code-examples). 

```
import AWSIAM
import AWSS3


    public func deleteAccessKey(user: IAMClientTypes.User? = nil,
                                key: IAMClientTypes.AccessKey) async throws
    {
        let userName: String?

        if user != nil {
            userName = user!.userName
        } else {
            userName = nil
        }

        let input = DeleteAccessKeyInput(
            accessKeyId: key.accessKeyId,
            userName: userName
        )
        do {
            _ = try await iamClient.deleteAccessKey(input: input)
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: deleteAccessKey:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [DeleteAccessKey](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsiam/latest/documentation/awsiam/iamclient/deleteaccesskey(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `DeletePolicy`
`DeletePolicy`

The following code example shows how to use `DeletePolicy`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/iam#code-examples). 

```
import AWSIAM
import AWSS3


    public func deletePolicy(policy: IAMClientTypes.Policy) async throws {
        let input = DeletePolicyInput(
            policyArn: policy.arn
        )
        do {
            _ = try await iamClient.deletePolicy(input: input)
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: deletePolicy:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [DeletePolicy](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsiam/latest/documentation/awsiam/iamclient/deletepolicy(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `DeleteRole`
`DeleteRole`

The following code example shows how to use `DeleteRole`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/iam#code-examples). 

```
import AWSIAM
import AWSS3


    public func deleteRole(role: IAMClientTypes.Role) async throws {
        let input = DeleteRoleInput(
            roleName: role.roleName
        )
        do {
            _ = try await iamClient.deleteRole(input: input)
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: deleteRole:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [DeleteRole](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsiam/latest/documentation/awsiam/iamclient/deleterole(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `DeleteUser`
`DeleteUser`

The following code example shows how to use `DeleteUser`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/iam#code-examples). 

```
import AWSIAM
import AWSS3


    public func deleteUser(user: IAMClientTypes.User) async throws {
        let input = DeleteUserInput(
            userName: user.userName
        )
        do {
            _ = try await iamClient.deleteUser(input: input)
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: deleteUser:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [DeleteUser](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsiam/latest/documentation/awsiam/iamclient/deleteuser(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `DeleteUserPolicy`
`DeleteUserPolicy`

The following code example shows how to use `DeleteUserPolicy`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/iam#code-examples). 

```
import AWSIAM
import AWSS3


    func deleteUserPolicy(user: IAMClientTypes.User, policyName: String) async throws {
        let input = DeleteUserPolicyInput(
            policyName: policyName,
            userName: user.userName
        )
        do {
            _ = try await iamClient.deleteUserPolicy(input: input)
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: deleteUserPolicy:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [DeleteUserPolicy](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsiam/latest/documentation/awsiam/iamclient/deleteuserpolicy(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `DetachRolePolicy`
`DetachRolePolicy`

The following code example shows how to use `DetachRolePolicy`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/iam#code-examples). 

```
import AWSIAM
import AWSS3


    public func detachRolePolicy(policy: IAMClientTypes.Policy, role: IAMClientTypes.Role) async throws {
        let input = DetachRolePolicyInput(
            policyArn: policy.arn,
            roleName: role.roleName
        )

        do {
            _ = try await iamClient.detachRolePolicy(input: input)
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: detachRolePolicy:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [DetachRolePolicy](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsiam/latest/documentation/awsiam/iamclient/detachrolepolicy(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `GetPolicy`
`GetPolicy`

The following code example shows how to use `GetPolicy`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/iam#code-examples). 

```
import AWSIAM
import AWSS3


    public func getPolicy(arn: String) async throws -> IAMClientTypes.Policy {
        let input = GetPolicyInput(
            policyArn: arn
        )
        do {
            let output = try await client.getPolicy(input: input)
            guard let policy = output.policy else {
                throw ServiceHandlerError.noSuchPolicy
            }
            return policy
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: getPolicy:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [GetPolicy](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsiam/latest/documentation/awsiam/iamclient/getpolicy(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `GetRole`
`GetRole`

The following code example shows how to use `GetRole`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/iam#code-examples). 

```
import AWSIAM
import AWSS3


    public func getRole(name: String) async throws -> IAMClientTypes.Role {
        let input = GetRoleInput(
            roleName: name
        )
        do {
            let output = try await client.getRole(input: input)
            guard let role = output.role else {
                throw ServiceHandlerError.noSuchRole
            }
            return role
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: getRole:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [GetRole](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsiam/latest/documentation/awsiam/iamclient/getrole(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `GetUser`
`GetUser`

The following code example shows how to use `GetUser`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/iam#code-examples). 

```
import AWSIAM
import AWSS3


    public func getUser(name: String? = nil) async throws -> IAMClientTypes.User {
        let input = GetUserInput(
            userName: name
        )
        do {
            let output = try await iamClient.getUser(input: input)
            guard let user = output.user else {
                throw ServiceHandlerError.noSuchUser
            }
            return user
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: getUser:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [GetUser](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsiam/latest/documentation/awsiam/iamclient/getuser(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `ListAttachedRolePolicies`
`ListAttachedRolePolicies`

The following code example shows how to use `ListAttachedRolePolicies`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/iam#code-examples). 

```
import AWSIAM
import AWSS3



    /// Returns a list of AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) policies
    /// that are attached to the role.
    ///
    /// - Parameter role: The IAM role to return the policy list for.
    ///
    /// - Returns: An array of `IAMClientTypes.AttachedPolicy` objects
    ///   describing each managed policy that's attached to the role.
    public func listAttachedRolePolicies(role: String) async throws -> [IAMClientTypes.AttachedPolicy] {
        var policyList: [IAMClientTypes.AttachedPolicy] = []

        // Use "Paginated" to get all the attached role polices.
        // This lets the SDK handle the 'isTruncated' in "ListAttachedRolePoliciesOutput".
        let input = ListAttachedRolePoliciesInput(
            roleName: role
        )
        let output = client.listAttachedRolePoliciesPaginated(input: input)

        do {
            for try await page in output {
                guard let attachedPolicies = page.attachedPolicies else {
                    print("Error: no attached policies returned.")
                    continue
                }
                for attachedPolicy in attachedPolicies {
                    policyList.append(attachedPolicy)
                }
            }
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: listAttachedRolePolicies:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }

        return policyList
    }
```
+  For API details, see [ListAttachedRolePolicies](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsiam/latest/documentation/awsiam/iamclient/listattachedrolepolicies(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `ListGroups`
`ListGroups`

The following code example shows how to use `ListGroups`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/iam#code-examples). 

```
import AWSIAM
import AWSS3


    public func listGroups() async throws -> [String] {
        var groupList: [String] = []

        // Use "Paginated" to get all the groups.
        // This lets the SDK handle the 'isTruncated' property in "ListGroupsOutput".
        let input = ListGroupsInput()

        let pages = client.listGroupsPaginated(input: input)
        do {
            for try await page in pages {
                guard let groups = page.groups else {
                    print("Error: no groups returned.")
                    continue
                }

                for group in groups {
                    if let name = group.groupName {
                        groupList.append(name)
                    }
                }
            }
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: listGroups:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
        return groupList
    }
```
+  For API details, see [ListGroups](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsiam/latest/documentation/awsiam/iamclient/listgroups(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `ListPolicies`
`ListPolicies`

The following code example shows how to use `ListPolicies`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/iam#code-examples). 

```
import AWSIAM
import AWSS3


    public func listPolicies() async throws -> [MyPolicyRecord] {
        var policyList: [MyPolicyRecord] = []

        // Use "Paginated" to get all the policies.
        // This lets the SDK handle the 'isTruncated' in "ListPoliciesOutput".
        let input = ListPoliciesInput()
        let output = client.listPoliciesPaginated(input: input)

        do {
            for try await page in output {
                guard let policies = page.policies else {
                    print("Error: no policies returned.")
                    continue
                }

                for policy in policies {
                    guard let name = policy.policyName,
                          let id = policy.policyId,
                          let arn = policy.arn
                    else {
                        throw ServiceHandlerError.noSuchPolicy
                    }
                    policyList.append(MyPolicyRecord(name: name, id: id, arn: arn))
                }
            }
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: listPolicies:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }

        return policyList
    }
```
+  For API details, see [ListPolicies](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsiam/latest/documentation/awsiam/iamclient/listpolicies(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `ListRolePolicies`
`ListRolePolicies`

The following code example shows how to use `ListRolePolicies`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/iam#code-examples). 

```
import AWSIAM
import AWSS3


    public func listRolePolicies(role: String) async throws -> [String] {
        var policyList: [String] = []

        // Use "Paginated" to get all the role policies.
        // This lets the SDK handle the 'isTruncated' in "ListRolePoliciesOutput".
        let input = ListRolePoliciesInput(
            roleName: role
        )
        let pages = client.listRolePoliciesPaginated(input: input)

        do {
            for try await page in pages {
                guard let policies = page.policyNames else {
                    print("Error: no role policies returned.")
                    continue
                }

                for policy in policies {
                    policyList.append(policy)
                }
            }
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: listRolePolicies:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
        return policyList
    }
```
+  For API details, see [ListRolePolicies](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsiam/latest/documentation/awsiam/iamclient/listrolepolicies(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `ListRoles`
`ListRoles`

The following code example shows how to use `ListRoles`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/iam#code-examples). 

```
import AWSIAM
import AWSS3


    public func listRoles() async throws -> [String] {
        var roleList: [String] = []

        // Use "Paginated" to get all the roles.
        // This lets the SDK handle the 'isTruncated' in "ListRolesOutput".
        let input = ListRolesInput()
        let pages = client.listRolesPaginated(input: input)

        do {
            for try await page in pages {
                guard let roles = page.roles else {
                    print("Error: no roles returned.")
                    continue
                }

                for role in roles {
                    if let name = role.roleName {
                        roleList.append(name)
                    }
                }
            }
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: listRoles:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
        return roleList
    }
```
+  For API details, see [ListRoles](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsiam/latest/documentation/awsiam/iamclient/listroles(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `ListUsers`
`ListUsers`

The following code example shows how to use `ListUsers`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/iam#code-examples). 

```
import AWSIAM
import AWSS3


    public func listUsers() async throws -> [MyUserRecord] {
        var userList: [MyUserRecord] = []
        
        // Use "Paginated" to get all the users.
        // This lets the SDK handle the 'isTruncated' in "ListUsersOutput".
        let input = ListUsersInput()
        let output = client.listUsersPaginated(input: input)

        do {
            for try await page in output {
                guard let users = page.users else {
                    continue
                }
                for user in users {
                    if let id = user.userId, let name = user.userName {
                        userList.append(MyUserRecord(id: id, name: name))
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        catch {
            print("ERROR: listUsers:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
       return userList
    }
```
+  For API details, see [ListUsers](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsiam/latest/documentation/awsiam/iamclient/listusers(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `PutUserPolicy`
`PutUserPolicy`

The following code example shows how to use `PutUserPolicy`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/iam#code-examples). 

```
import AWSIAM
import AWSS3


    func putUserPolicy(policyDocument: String, policyName: String, user: IAMClientTypes.User) async throws {
        let input = PutUserPolicyInput(
            policyDocument: policyDocument,
            policyName: policyName,
            userName: user.userName
        )
        do {
            _ = try await iamClient.putUserPolicy(input: input)
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: putUserPolicy:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [PutUserPolicy](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsiam/latest/documentation/awsiam/iamclient/putuserpolicy(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

# Lambda examples using SDK for Swift
Lambda

The following code examples show you how to perform actions and implement common scenarios by using the AWS SDK for Swift with Lambda.

*Basics* are code examples that show you how to perform the essential operations within a service.

*Actions* are code excerpts from larger programs and must be run in context. While actions show you how to call individual service functions, you can see actions in context in their related scenarios.

Each example includes a link to the complete source code, where you can find instructions on how to set up and run the code in context.

**Topics**
+ [Basics](#basics)
+ [Actions](#actions)

## Basics
Basics

### Learn the basics
Learn the basics

The following code example shows how to:
+ Create an IAM role and Lambda function, then upload handler code.
+ Invoke the function with a single parameter and get results.
+ Update the function code and configure with an environment variable.
+ Invoke the function with new parameters and get results. Display the returned execution log.
+ List the functions for your account, then clean up resources.

For more information, see [Create a Lambda function with the console](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/lambda/latest/dg/getting-started-create-function.html).

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/lambda/basics#code-examples). 
Define the first Lambda function, which simply increments the specified value.  

```
// swift-tools-version: 5.9
// Copyright Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
//
// The swift-tools-version declares the minimum version of Swift required to
// build this package.

import PackageDescription

let package = Package(
    name: "increment",
    // Let Xcode know the minimum Apple platforms supported.
    platforms: [
        .macOS(.v13)
    ],
    dependencies: [
        // Dependencies declare other packages that this package depends on.
        .package(
            url: "https://github.com/swift-server/swift-aws-lambda-runtime.git",
            branch: "main"),
    ],
    targets: [
        // Targets are the basic building blocks of a package, defining a module or a test suite.
        // Targets can depend on other targets in this package and products
        // from dependencies.
        .executableTarget(
            name: "increment",
            dependencies: [
                .product(name: "AWSLambdaRuntime", package: "swift-aws-lambda-runtime"),
            ],
            path: "Sources"
        )
    ]
)

import Foundation
import AWSLambdaRuntime

/// Represents the contents of the requests being received from the client.
/// This structure must be `Decodable` to indicate that its initializer
/// converts an external representation into this type.
struct Request: Decodable, Sendable {
    /// The action to perform.
    let action: String
    /// The number to act upon.
    let number: Int
}

/// The contents of the response sent back to the client. This must be
/// `Encodable`.
struct Response: Encodable, Sendable {
    /// The resulting value after performing the action.
    let answer: Int?
}


/// The Lambda function body.
///
/// - Parameters:
///   - event: The `Request` describing the request made by the
///     client.
///   - context: A `LambdaContext` describing the context in
///     which the lambda function is running.
///
/// - Returns: A `Response` object that will be encoded to JSON and sent
///   to the client by the Lambda runtime.
let incrementLambdaRuntime = LambdaRuntime {
        (event: Request, context: LambdaContext) -> Response in
    let action = event.action
    var answer: Int?

    if action != "increment" {
        context.logger.error("Unrecognized operation: \"\(action)\". The only supported action is \"increment\".")
    } else {
        answer = event.number + 1
        context.logger.info("The calculated answer is \(answer!).")
    }

    let response = Response(answer: answer)
    return response
}

// Run the Lambda runtime code.

try await incrementLambdaRuntime.run()
```
Define the second Lambda function, which performs an arithmetic operation on two numbers.  

```
// swift-tools-version: 5.9
// Copyright Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
//
// The swift-tools-version declares the minimum version of Swift required to
// build this package.

import PackageDescription

let package = Package(
    name: "calculator",
    // Let Xcode know the minimum Apple platforms supported.
    platforms: [
        .macOS(.v13)
    ],
    dependencies: [
        // Dependencies declare other packages that this package depends on.
        .package(
            url: "https://github.com/swift-server/swift-aws-lambda-runtime.git",
            branch: "main"),
    ],
    targets: [
        // Targets are the basic building blocks of a package, defining a module or a test suite.
        // Targets can depend on other targets in this package and products
        // from dependencies.
        .executableTarget(
            name: "calculator",
            dependencies: [
                .product(name: "AWSLambdaRuntime", package: "swift-aws-lambda-runtime"),
            ],
            path: "Sources"
        )
    ]
)

import Foundation
import AWSLambdaRuntime

/// Represents the contents of the requests being received from the client.
/// This structure must be `Decodable` to indicate that its initializer
/// converts an external representation into this type.
struct Request: Decodable, Sendable {
    /// The action to perform.
    let action: String
    /// The first number to act upon.
    let x: Int
    /// The second number to act upon.
    let y: Int
}

/// A dictionary mapping operation names to closures that perform that
/// operation and return the result.
let actions = [
    "plus": { (x: Int, y: Int) -> Int in
        return x + y
    },
    "minus": { (x: Int, y: Int) -> Int in
        return x - y
    },
    "times": { (x: Int, y: Int) -> Int in
        return x * y
    },
    "divided-by": { (x: Int, y: Int) -> Int in
        return x / y
    }
]

/// The contents of the response sent back to the client. This must be
/// `Encodable`.
struct Response: Encodable, Sendable {
    /// The resulting value after performing the action.
    let answer: Int?
}


/// The Lambda function's entry point. Called by the Lambda runtime.
///
/// - Parameters:
///   - event: The `Request` describing the request made by the
///     client.
///   - context: A `LambdaContext` describing the context in
///     which the lambda function is running.
///
/// - Returns: A `Response` object that will be encoded to JSON and sent
///   to the client by the Lambda runtime.
let calculatorLambdaRuntime = LambdaRuntime {
        (_ event: Request, context: LambdaContext) -> Response in
    let action = event.action
    var answer: Int?
    var actionFunc: ((Int, Int) -> Int)?

    // Get the closure to run to perform the calculation.

    actionFunc = await actions[action]

    guard let actionFunc else {
        context.logger.error("Unrecognized operation '\(action)\'")
        return Response(answer: nil)
    }

    // Perform the calculation and return the answer.

    answer = actionFunc(event.x, event.y)

    guard let answer else {
        context.logger.error("Error computing \(event.x) \(action) \(event.y)")
    }
    context.logger.info("\(event.x) \(action) \(event.y) = \(answer)")

    return Response(answer: answer)
}

try await calculatorLambdaRuntime.run()
```
Define the main program that will invoke the two Lambda functions.  

```
// swift-tools-version: 5.9
// Copyright Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
//
// The swift-tools-version declares the minimum version of Swift required to
// build this package.

import PackageDescription

let package = Package(
    name: "lambda-basics",
    // Let Xcode know the minimum Apple platforms supported.
    platforms: [
        .macOS(.v13)
    ],
    dependencies: [
        // Dependencies declare other packages that this package depends on.
        .package(
            url: "https://github.com/awslabs/aws-sdk-swift",
            from: "1.0.0"),
        .package(
            url: "https://github.com/apple/swift-argument-parser.git",
            branch: "main"
        )
    ],
    targets: [
        // Targets are the basic building blocks of a package, defining a module or a test suite.
        // Targets can depend on other targets in this package and products
        // from dependencies.
        .executableTarget(
            name: "lambda-basics",
            dependencies: [
                .product(name: "AWSLambda", package: "aws-sdk-swift"),
                .product(name: "AWSIAM", package: "aws-sdk-swift"),
                .product(name: "ArgumentParser", package: "swift-argument-parser")
            ],
            path: "Sources"
        )
    ]
)

//
/// An example demonstrating a variety of important AWS Lambda functions.

import ArgumentParser
import AWSIAM
import SmithyWaitersAPI
import AWSClientRuntime
import AWSLambda
import Foundation

/// Represents the contents of the requests being received from the client.
/// This structure must be `Decodable` to indicate that its initializer
/// converts an external representation into this type.
struct IncrementRequest: Encodable, Decodable, Sendable {
    /// The action to perform.
    let action: String
    /// The number to act upon.
    let number: Int
}

struct Response: Encodable, Decodable, Sendable {
    /// The resulting value after performing the action.
    let answer: Int?
}

struct CalculatorRequest: Encodable, Decodable, Sendable {
    /// The action to perform.
    let action: String
    /// The first number to act upon.
    let x: Int
    /// The second number to act upon.
    let y: Int
}

let exampleName = "SwiftLambdaRoleExample"
let basicsFunctionName = "lambda-basics-function"

/// The ARN of the standard IAM policy for execution of Lambda functions.
let policyARN = "arn:aws:iam::aws:policy/service-role/AWSLambdaBasicExecutionRole"

struct ExampleCommand: ParsableCommand {
    // -MARK: Command arguments
    @Option(help: "Name of the IAM Role to use for the Lambda functions")
    var role = exampleName
    @Option(help: "Zip archive containing the 'increment' lambda function")
    var incpath: String
    @Option(help: "Zip archive containing the 'calculator' lambda function")
    var calcpath: String
    @Option(help: "Name of the Amazon S3 Region to use (default: us-east-1)")
    var region = "us-east-1"

    static var configuration = CommandConfiguration(
        commandName: "lambda-basics",
        abstract: """
        This example demonstrates several common operations using AWS Lambda.
        """,
        discussion: """
        """
    )

    /// Returns the specified IAM role object.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - iamClient: `IAMClient` to use when looking for the role.
    ///   - roleName: The name of the role to check.
    ///
    /// - Returns: The `IAMClientTypes.Role` representing the specified role.
    func getRole(iamClient: IAMClient, roleName: String) async throws
                 -> IAMClientTypes.Role {
        do {
            let roleOutput = try await iamClient.getRole(
                input: GetRoleInput(
                    roleName: roleName
                )
            )

            guard let role = roleOutput.role else {
                throw ExampleError.roleNotFound
            }
            return role
        } catch {
            throw ExampleError.roleNotFound
        }
    }

    /// Create the AWS IAM role that will be used to access AWS Lambda.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - iamClient: The AWS `IAMClient` to use.
    ///   - roleName: The name of the AWS IAM role to use for Lambda.
    ///
    /// - Throws: `ExampleError.roleCreateError`
    ///
    /// - Returns: The `IAMClientTypes.Role` struct that describes the new role.
    func createRoleForLambda(iamClient: IAMClient, roleName: String) async throws -> IAMClientTypes.Role {
        let output = try await iamClient.createRole(
            input: CreateRoleInput(
                assumeRolePolicyDocument:
                """
                {
                    "Version":"2012-10-17",		 	 	 
                    "Statement": [
                        {
                            "Effect": "Allow",
                            "Principal": {"Service": "lambda.amazonaws.com"},
                            "Action": "sts:AssumeRole"
                        }
                    ]
                }
                """,
                roleName: roleName
            )
        )

        guard let role = output.role else {
            throw ExampleError.roleCreateError
        }

        // Wait for the role to be ready for use.

        _ = try await iamClient.waitUntilRoleExists(
            options: WaiterOptions(
                maxWaitTime: 20,
                minDelay: 0.5,
                maxDelay: 2
            ),
            input: GetRoleInput(roleName: roleName)
        )

        return role
    }

    /// Detect whether or not the AWS Lambda function with the specified name
    /// exists, by requesting its function information.
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - lambdaClient: The `LambdaClient` to use.
    ///   - name: The name of the AWS Lambda function to find.
    ///
    /// - Returns: `true` if the Lambda function exists. Otherwise `false`.
    func doesLambdaFunctionExist(lambdaClient: LambdaClient, name: String) async -> Bool {
        do {
            _ = try await lambdaClient.getFunction(
                input: GetFunctionInput(functionName: name)
            )
        } catch {
            return false
        }

        return true
    }

    /// Create the specified AWS Lambda function.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - lambdaClient: The `LambdaClient` to use.
    ///   - functionName: The name of the AWS Lambda function to create.
    ///   - roleArn: The ARN of the role to apply to the function.
    ///   - path: The path of the Zip archive containing the function.
    /// 
    /// - Returns: `true` if the AWS Lambda was successfully created; `false`
    ///   if it wasn't.
    func createFunction(lambdaClient: LambdaClient, functionName: String,
                                roleArn: String?, path: String) async throws -> Bool {
        do {
            // Read the Zip archive containing the AWS Lambda function.

            let zipUrl = URL(fileURLWithPath: path)
            let zipData = try Data(contentsOf: zipUrl)

            // Create the AWS Lambda function that runs the specified code,
            // using the name given on the command line. The Lambda function
            // will run using the Amazon Linux 2 runtime.

            _ = try await lambdaClient.createFunction(
                input: CreateFunctionInput(
                    code: LambdaClientTypes.FunctionCode(zipFile: zipData),
                    functionName: functionName,
                    handler: "handle",
                    role: roleArn,
                    runtime: .providedal2
                )
            )
        } catch {
            print("*** Error creating Lambda function:")
            dump(error)
            return false
        }

        // Wait for a while to be sure the function is done being created.

        let output = try await lambdaClient.waitUntilFunctionActiveV2(
            options: WaiterOptions(
                maxWaitTime: 20,
                minDelay: 0.5,
                maxDelay: 2
            ),
            input: GetFunctionInput(functionName: functionName)
        )

        switch output.result {
            case .success:
                return true
            case .failure:
                return false
        }
    }

    /// Update the AWS Lambda function with new code to run when the function
    /// is invoked.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - lambdaClient: The `LambdaClient` to use.
    ///   - functionName: The name of the AWS Lambda function to update.
    ///   - path: The pathname of the Zip file containing the packaged Lambda
    ///     function.
    /// - Throws: `ExampleError.zipFileReadError`
    /// - Returns: `true` if the function's code is updated successfully.
    ///   Otherwise, returns `false`.
    func updateFunctionCode(lambdaClient: LambdaClient, functionName: String,
                            path: String) async throws -> Bool {
        let zipUrl = URL(fileURLWithPath: path)
        let zipData: Data

        // Read the function's Zip file.

        do {
            zipData = try Data(contentsOf: zipUrl)
        } catch {
            throw ExampleError.zipFileReadError
        }

        // Update the function's code and wait for the updated version to be
        // ready for use.

        do {
            _ = try await lambdaClient.updateFunctionCode(
                input: UpdateFunctionCodeInput(
                    functionName: functionName,
                    zipFile: zipData
                )
            )
        } catch {
            return false
        }

        let output = try await lambdaClient.waitUntilFunctionUpdatedV2(
            options: WaiterOptions(
                maxWaitTime: 20,
                minDelay: 0.5,
                maxDelay: 2
            ),
            input: GetFunctionInput(
                functionName: functionName
            )
        )

        switch output.result {
            case .success:
                return true
            case .failure:
                return false
        }
    }

    /// Tell the server-side component to log debug output by setting its
    /// environment's `LOG_LEVEL` to `DEBUG`.
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - lambdaClient: The `LambdaClient` to use.
    ///   - functionName: The name of the AWS Lambda function to enable debug
    ///     logging for.
    ///
    /// - Throws: `ExampleError.environmentResponseMissingError`,
    ///   `ExampleError.updateFunctionConfigurationError`,
    ///   `ExampleError.environmentVariablesMissingError`,
    ///   `ExampleError.logLevelIncorrectError`,
    ///   `ExampleError.updateFunctionConfigurationError`
    func enableDebugLogging(lambdaClient: LambdaClient, functionName: String) async throws {
        let envVariables = [
            "LOG_LEVEL": "DEBUG"
        ]
        let environment = LambdaClientTypes.Environment(variables: envVariables)

        do {
            let output = try await lambdaClient.updateFunctionConfiguration(
                input: UpdateFunctionConfigurationInput(
                    environment: environment,
                    functionName: functionName
                )
            )

            guard let response = output.environment else {
                throw ExampleError.environmentResponseMissingError
            }

            if response.error != nil {
                throw ExampleError.updateFunctionConfigurationError
            }

            guard let retVariables = response.variables else {
                throw ExampleError.environmentVariablesMissingError
            }

            for envVar in retVariables {
                if envVar.key == "LOG_LEVEL" && envVar.value != "DEBUG" {
                    print("*** Log level is not set to DEBUG!")
                    throw ExampleError.logLevelIncorrectError
                }
            }
        } catch {
            throw ExampleError.updateFunctionConfigurationError
        }
    }

    /// Returns an array containing the names of all AWS Lambda functions
    /// available to the user.
    ///
    /// - Parameter lambdaClient: The `IAMClient` to use.
    ///
    /// - Throws: `ExampleError.listFunctionsError`
    ///
    /// - Returns: An array of lambda function name strings.
    func getFunctionNames(lambdaClient: LambdaClient) async throws -> [String] {
        let pages = lambdaClient.listFunctionsPaginated(
            input: ListFunctionsInput()
        )

        var functionNames: [String] = []

        for try await page in pages {
            guard let functions = page.functions else {
                throw ExampleError.listFunctionsError
            }

            for function in functions {
                functionNames.append(function.functionName ?? "<unknown>")
            }
        }

        return functionNames
    }

    /// Invoke the Lambda function to increment a value.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - lambdaClient: The `IAMClient` to use.
    ///   - number: The number to increment.
    ///
    /// - Throws: `ExampleError.noAnswerReceived`, `ExampleError.invokeError`
    ///
    /// - Returns: An integer number containing the incremented value.
    func invokeIncrement(lambdaClient: LambdaClient, number: Int) async throws -> Int {
        do {
            let incRequest = IncrementRequest(action: "increment", number: number)
            let incData = try! JSONEncoder().encode(incRequest)

            // Invoke the lambda function.

            let invokeOutput = try await lambdaClient.invoke(
                input: InvokeInput(
                    functionName: "lambda-basics-function",
                    payload: incData
                )
            )

            let response = try! JSONDecoder().decode(Response.self, from:invokeOutput.payload!)

            guard let answer = response.answer else {
                throw ExampleError.noAnswerReceived
            }
            return answer

        } catch {
            throw ExampleError.invokeError
        }
    }

    /// Invoke the calculator Lambda function.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - lambdaClient: The `IAMClient` to use.
    ///   - action: Which arithmetic operation to perform: "plus", "minus",
    ///     "times", or "divided-by".
    ///   - x: The first number to use in the computation.
    ///   - y: The second number to use in the computation.
    ///
    /// - Throws: `ExampleError.noAnswerReceived`, `ExampleError.invokeError`
    ///
    /// - Returns: The computed answer as an `Int`.
    func invokeCalculator(lambdaClient: LambdaClient, action: String, x: Int, y: Int) async throws -> Int {
        do {
            let calcRequest = CalculatorRequest(action: action, x: x, y: y)
            let calcData = try! JSONEncoder().encode(calcRequest)

            // Invoke the lambda function.

            let invokeOutput = try await lambdaClient.invoke(
                input: InvokeInput(
                    functionName: "lambda-basics-function",
                    payload: calcData
                )
            )

            let response = try! JSONDecoder().decode(Response.self, from:invokeOutput.payload!)
            
            guard let answer = response.answer else {
                throw ExampleError.noAnswerReceived
            }
            return answer

        } catch {
            throw ExampleError.invokeError
        }

    }

    /// Perform the example's tasks.
    func basics() async throws {
        let iamClient = try await IAMClient(
            config: IAMClient.IAMClientConfiguration(region: region)
        )

        let lambdaClient = try await LambdaClient(
            config: LambdaClient.LambdaClientConfiguration(region: region)
        )

        /// The IAM role to use for the example.
        var iamRole: IAMClientTypes.Role
        
        // Look for the specified role. If it already exists, use it. If not,
        // create it and attach the desired policy to it.

        do {
            iamRole = try await getRole(iamClient: iamClient, roleName: role)
        } catch ExampleError.roleNotFound {
            // The role wasn't found, so create it and attach the needed
            // policy.
            
            iamRole = try await createRoleForLambda(iamClient: iamClient, roleName: role)

            do {
                _ = try await iamClient.attachRolePolicy(
                    input: AttachRolePolicyInput(policyArn: policyARN, roleName: role)
                )
            } catch {
                throw ExampleError.policyError
            }
        }

        // Give the policy time to attach to the role.

        sleep(5)

        // Look to see if the function already exists. If it does, throw an
        // error.

        if await doesLambdaFunctionExist(lambdaClient: lambdaClient, name: basicsFunctionName) {
            throw ExampleError.functionAlreadyExists
        }

        // Create, then invoke, the "increment" version of the calculator
        // function.

        print("Creating the increment Lambda function...")
        if try await createFunction(lambdaClient: lambdaClient, functionName: basicsFunctionName, 
                                  roleArn: iamRole.arn, path: incpath) {
            print("Running increment function calls...")
            for number in 0...4 {
                do {
                    let answer = try await invokeIncrement(lambdaClient: lambdaClient, number: number)
                    print("Increment \(number) = \(answer)")
                } catch {
                    print("Error incrementing \(number): ", error.localizedDescription)
                }
            }
        } else {
            print("*** Failed to create the increment function.")
        }
        
        // Enable debug logging.

        print("\nEnabling debug logging...")
        try await enableDebugLogging(lambdaClient: lambdaClient, functionName: basicsFunctionName)

        // Change it to a basic arithmetic calculator. Then invoke it a few
        // times.

        print("\nReplacing the Lambda function with a calculator...")

        if try await updateFunctionCode(lambdaClient: lambdaClient, functionName: basicsFunctionName, 
                                    path: calcpath) {
            print("Running calculator function calls...")
            for x in [6, 10] {
                for y in [2, 4] {
                    for action in ["plus", "minus", "times", "divided-by"] {
                        do {
                            let answer = try await invokeCalculator(lambdaClient: lambdaClient, action: action, x: x, y: y)
                            print("\(x) \(action) \(y) = \(answer)")
                        } catch {
                            print("Error calculating \(x) \(action) \(y): ", error.localizedDescription)
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        // List all lambda functions.

        let functionNames = try await getFunctionNames(lambdaClient: lambdaClient)

        if functionNames.count > 0 {
            print("\nAWS Lambda functions available on your account:")
            for name in functionNames {
                print("  \(name)")
            }
        }

        // Delete the lambda function.

        print("Deleting lambda function...")
        
        do {
            _ = try await lambdaClient.deleteFunction(
                input: DeleteFunctionInput(
                    functionName: "lambda-basics-function"
                )
            )
        } catch {
            print("Error: Unable to delete the function.")
        }
        
        // Detach the role from the policy, then delete the role.

        print("Deleting the AWS IAM role...")

        do {
            _ = try await iamClient.detachRolePolicy(
                input: DetachRolePolicyInput(
                    policyArn: policyARN,
                    roleName: role
                )
            )
            _ = try await iamClient.deleteRole(
                input: DeleteRoleInput(
                    roleName: role
                )
            )
        } catch {
            throw ExampleError.deleteRoleError
        }
    }
}

// -MARK: - Entry point

/// The program's asynchronous entry point.
@main
struct Main {
    static func main() async {
        let args = Array(CommandLine.arguments.dropFirst())

        do {
            let command = try ExampleCommand.parse(args)
            try await command.basics()
        } catch {
            ExampleCommand.exit(withError: error)
        }
    }    
}


/// Errors thrown by the example's functions.
enum ExampleError: Error {
    /// An AWS Lambda function with the specified name already exists.
    case functionAlreadyExists
    /// The specified role doesn't exist.
    case roleNotFound
    /// Unable to create the role.
    case roleCreateError
    /// Unable to delete the role.
    case deleteRoleError
    /// Unable to attach a policy to the role.
    case policyError
    /// Unable to get the executable directory.
    case executableNotFound
    /// An error occurred creating a lambda function.
    case createLambdaError
    /// An error occurred invoking the lambda function.
    case invokeError
    /// No answer received from the invocation.
    case noAnswerReceived
    /// Unable to list the AWS Lambda functions.
    case listFunctionsError
    /// Unable to update the AWS Lambda function.
    case updateFunctionError
    /// Unable to update the function configuration.
    case updateFunctionConfigurationError
    /// The environment response is missing after an
    /// UpdateEnvironmentConfiguration attempt.
    case environmentResponseMissingError
    /// The environment variables are missing from the EnvironmentResponse and
    /// no errors occurred.
    case environmentVariablesMissingError
    /// The log level is incorrect after attempting to set it.
    case logLevelIncorrectError
    /// Unable to load the AWS Lambda function's Zip file.
    case zipFileReadError

    var errorDescription: String? {
        switch self {
        case .functionAlreadyExists:
            return "An AWS Lambda function with that name already exists."
        case .roleNotFound:
            return "The specified role doesn't exist."
        case .deleteRoleError:
            return "Unable to delete the AWS IAM role."
        case .roleCreateError:
            return "Unable to create the specified role."
        case .policyError:
            return "An error occurred attaching the policy to the role."
        case .executableNotFound:
            return "Unable to find the executable program directory."
        case .createLambdaError:
            return "An error occurred creating a lambda function."
        case .invokeError:
            return "An error occurred invoking a lambda function."
        case .noAnswerReceived:
            return "No answer received from the lambda function."
        case .listFunctionsError:
            return "Unable to list the AWS Lambda functions."
        case .updateFunctionError:
            return "Unable to update the AWS lambda function."
        case .updateFunctionConfigurationError:
            return "Unable to update the AWS lambda function configuration."
        case .environmentResponseMissingError:
            return "The environment is missing from the response after updating the function configuration."
        case .environmentVariablesMissingError:
            return "While no error occurred, no environment variables were returned following function configuration."
        case .logLevelIncorrectError:
            return "The log level is incorrect after attempting to set it to DEBUG."
        case .zipFileReadError:
            return "Unable to read the AWS Lambda function."
        }
    }
}
```
+ For API details, see the following topics in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*.
  + [CreateFunction](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awslambda/latest/documentation/awslambda/lambdaclient/createfunction(input:))
  + [DeleteFunction](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awslambda/latest/documentation/awslambda/lambdaclient/deletefunction(input:))
  + [GetFunction](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awslambda/latest/documentation/awslambda/lambdaclient/getfunction(input:))
  + [Invoke](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awslambda/latest/documentation/awslambda/lambdaclient/invoke(input:))
  + [ListFunctions](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awslambda/latest/documentation/awslambda/lambdaclient/listfunctions(input:))
  + [UpdateFunctionCode](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awslambda/latest/documentation/awslambda/lambdaclient/updatefunctioncode(input:))
  + [UpdateFunctionConfiguration](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awslambda/latest/documentation/awslambda/lambdaclient/updatefunctionconfiguration(input:))

## Actions
Actions

### `CreateFunction`
`CreateFunction`

The following code example shows how to use `CreateFunction`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/lambda/basics#code-examples). 

```
import AWSClientRuntime
import AWSLambda
import Foundation

        do {
            // Read the Zip archive containing the AWS Lambda function.

            let zipUrl = URL(fileURLWithPath: path)
            let zipData = try Data(contentsOf: zipUrl)

            // Create the AWS Lambda function that runs the specified code,
            // using the name given on the command line. The Lambda function
            // will run using the Amazon Linux 2 runtime.

            _ = try await lambdaClient.createFunction(
                input: CreateFunctionInput(
                    code: LambdaClientTypes.FunctionCode(zipFile: zipData),
                    functionName: functionName,
                    handler: "handle",
                    role: roleArn,
                    runtime: .providedal2
                )
            )
        } catch {
            print("*** Error creating Lambda function:")
            dump(error)
            return false
        }
```
+  For API details, see [CreateFunction](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awslambda/latest/documentation/awslambda/lambdaclient/createfunction(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `DeleteFunction`
`DeleteFunction`

The following code example shows how to use `DeleteFunction`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/lambda/basics#code-examples). 

```
import AWSClientRuntime
import AWSLambda
import Foundation

        do {
            _ = try await lambdaClient.deleteFunction(
                input: DeleteFunctionInput(
                    functionName: "lambda-basics-function"
                )
            )
        } catch {
            print("Error: Unable to delete the function.")
        }
```
+  For API details, see [DeleteFunction](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awslambda/latest/documentation/awslambda/lambdaclient/deletefunction(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `GetFunction`
`GetFunction`

The following code example shows how to use `GetFunction`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/lambda/basics#code-examples). 

```
import AWSClientRuntime
import AWSLambda
import Foundation

    /// Detect whether or not the AWS Lambda function with the specified name
    /// exists, by requesting its function information.
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - lambdaClient: The `LambdaClient` to use.
    ///   - name: The name of the AWS Lambda function to find.
    ///
    /// - Returns: `true` if the Lambda function exists. Otherwise `false`.
    func doesLambdaFunctionExist(lambdaClient: LambdaClient, name: String) async -> Bool {
        do {
            _ = try await lambdaClient.getFunction(
                input: GetFunctionInput(functionName: name)
            )
        } catch {
            return false
        }

        return true
    }
```
+  For API details, see [GetFunction](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awslambda/latest/documentation/awslambda/lambdaclient/getfunction(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `Invoke`
`Invoke`

The following code example shows how to use `Invoke`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/lambda/basics#code-examples). 

```
import AWSClientRuntime
import AWSLambda
import Foundation

    /// Invoke the Lambda function to increment a value.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - lambdaClient: The `IAMClient` to use.
    ///   - number: The number to increment.
    ///
    /// - Throws: `ExampleError.noAnswerReceived`, `ExampleError.invokeError`
    ///
    /// - Returns: An integer number containing the incremented value.
    func invokeIncrement(lambdaClient: LambdaClient, number: Int) async throws -> Int {
        do {
            let incRequest = IncrementRequest(action: "increment", number: number)
            let incData = try! JSONEncoder().encode(incRequest)

            // Invoke the lambda function.

            let invokeOutput = try await lambdaClient.invoke(
                input: InvokeInput(
                    functionName: "lambda-basics-function",
                    payload: incData
                )
            )

            let response = try! JSONDecoder().decode(Response.self, from:invokeOutput.payload!)

            guard let answer = response.answer else {
                throw ExampleError.noAnswerReceived
            }
            return answer

        } catch {
            throw ExampleError.invokeError
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [Invoke](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awslambda/latest/documentation/awslambda/lambdaclient/invoke(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `ListFunctions`
`ListFunctions`

The following code example shows how to use `ListFunctions`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/lambda/basics#code-examples). 

```
import AWSClientRuntime
import AWSLambda
import Foundation

    /// Returns an array containing the names of all AWS Lambda functions
    /// available to the user.
    ///
    /// - Parameter lambdaClient: The `IAMClient` to use.
    ///
    /// - Throws: `ExampleError.listFunctionsError`
    ///
    /// - Returns: An array of lambda function name strings.
    func getFunctionNames(lambdaClient: LambdaClient) async throws -> [String] {
        let pages = lambdaClient.listFunctionsPaginated(
            input: ListFunctionsInput()
        )

        var functionNames: [String] = []

        for try await page in pages {
            guard let functions = page.functions else {
                throw ExampleError.listFunctionsError
            }

            for function in functions {
                functionNames.append(function.functionName ?? "<unknown>")
            }
        }

        return functionNames
    }
```
+  For API details, see [ListFunctions](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awslambda/latest/documentation/awslambda/lambdaclient/listfunctions(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `UpdateFunctionCode`
`UpdateFunctionCode`

The following code example shows how to use `UpdateFunctionCode`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/lambda/basics#code-examples). 

```
import AWSClientRuntime
import AWSLambda
import Foundation

        let zipUrl = URL(fileURLWithPath: path)
        let zipData: Data

        // Read the function's Zip file.

        do {
            zipData = try Data(contentsOf: zipUrl)
        } catch {
            throw ExampleError.zipFileReadError
        }

        // Update the function's code and wait for the updated version to be
        // ready for use.

        do {
            _ = try await lambdaClient.updateFunctionCode(
                input: UpdateFunctionCodeInput(
                    functionName: functionName,
                    zipFile: zipData
                )
            )
        } catch {
            return false
        }
```
+  For API details, see [UpdateFunctionCode](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awslambda/latest/documentation/awslambda/lambdaclient/updatefunctioncode(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `UpdateFunctionConfiguration`
`UpdateFunctionConfiguration`

The following code example shows how to use `UpdateFunctionConfiguration`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/lambda/basics#code-examples). 

```
import AWSClientRuntime
import AWSLambda
import Foundation

    /// Tell the server-side component to log debug output by setting its
    /// environment's `LOG_LEVEL` to `DEBUG`.
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - lambdaClient: The `LambdaClient` to use.
    ///   - functionName: The name of the AWS Lambda function to enable debug
    ///     logging for.
    ///
    /// - Throws: `ExampleError.environmentResponseMissingError`,
    ///   `ExampleError.updateFunctionConfigurationError`,
    ///   `ExampleError.environmentVariablesMissingError`,
    ///   `ExampleError.logLevelIncorrectError`,
    ///   `ExampleError.updateFunctionConfigurationError`
    func enableDebugLogging(lambdaClient: LambdaClient, functionName: String) async throws {
        let envVariables = [
            "LOG_LEVEL": "DEBUG"
        ]
        let environment = LambdaClientTypes.Environment(variables: envVariables)

        do {
            let output = try await lambdaClient.updateFunctionConfiguration(
                input: UpdateFunctionConfigurationInput(
                    environment: environment,
                    functionName: functionName
                )
            )

            guard let response = output.environment else {
                throw ExampleError.environmentResponseMissingError
            }

            if response.error != nil {
                throw ExampleError.updateFunctionConfigurationError
            }

            guard let retVariables = response.variables else {
                throw ExampleError.environmentVariablesMissingError
            }

            for envVar in retVariables {
                if envVar.key == "LOG_LEVEL" && envVar.value != "DEBUG" {
                    print("*** Log level is not set to DEBUG!")
                    throw ExampleError.logLevelIncorrectError
                }
            }
        } catch {
            throw ExampleError.updateFunctionConfigurationError
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [UpdateFunctionConfiguration](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awslambda/latest/documentation/awslambda/lambdaclient/updatefunctionconfiguration(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

# Amazon RDS examples using SDK for Swift
Amazon RDS

The following code examples show you how to perform actions and implement common scenarios by using the AWS SDK for Swift with Amazon RDS.

*Basics* are code examples that show you how to perform the essential operations within a service.

*Actions* are code excerpts from larger programs and must be run in context. While actions show you how to call individual service functions, you can see actions in context in their related scenarios.

Each example includes a link to the complete source code, where you can find instructions on how to set up and run the code in context.

**Topics**
+ [Basics](#basics)
+ [Actions](#actions)

## Basics
Basics

### Learn the basics
Learn the basics

The following code example shows how to:
+ Create a custom DB parameter group and set parameter values.
+ Create a DB instance that's configured to use the parameter group. The DB instance also contains a database.
+ Take a snapshot of the instance.
+ Delete the instance and parameter group.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/rds#code-examples). 
The `Package.swift` file.  

```
// swift-tools-version: 5.9
//
// The swift-tools-version declares the minimum version of Swift required to
// build this package.

import PackageDescription

let package = Package(
    name: "rds-scenario",
    // Let Xcode know the minimum Apple platforms supported.
    platforms: [
        .macOS(.v13),
        .iOS(.v15)
    ],
    dependencies: [
        // Dependencies declare other packages that this package depends on.
        .package(
            url: "https://github.com/awslabs/aws-sdk-swift",
            from: "1.4.0"),
        .package(
            url: "https://github.com/apple/swift-argument-parser.git",
            branch: "main"
        )
    ],
    targets: [
        // Targets are the basic building blocks of a package, defining a module or a test suite.
        // Targets can depend on other targets in this package and products
        // from dependencies.
        .executableTarget(
            name: "rds-scenario",
            dependencies: [
                .product(name: "AWSRDS", package: "aws-sdk-swift"),
                .product(name: "ArgumentParser", package: "swift-argument-parser")
            ],
            path: "Sources")

    ]
)
```
The Swift code file, `entry.swift`.  

```
// An example that shows how to use the AWS SDK for Swift to perform a variety
// of operations using Amazon Relational Database Service (RDS).
//

import ArgumentParser
import Foundation
import AWSRDS

struct ExampleCommand: ParsableCommand {
    @Option(help: "The AWS Region to run AWS API calls in.")
    var awsRegion = "us-east-1"
    @Option(help: "The username to use for the database administrator.")
    var dbUsername = "admin"
    @Option(help: "The password to use for the database administrator.")
    var dbPassword: String

    static var configuration = CommandConfiguration(
        commandName: "rds-scenario",
        abstract: """
        Performs various operations to demonstrate the use of Amazon RDS Instances
        using the AWS SDK for Swift.
        """,
        discussion: """
        """
    )

    /// Called by ``main()`` to run the bulk of the example.
    func runAsync() async throws {
        let example = try await Example(region: awsRegion, username: dbUsername, password: dbPassword)

        await example.run()
    }
}

class Example {
    let rdsClient: RDSClient

    // Storage for AWS RDS properties

    let dbUsername: String
    let dbPassword: String
    var dbInstanceIdentifier: String
    var dbSnapshotIdentifier: String
    var dbParameterGroupName: String
    var dbParameterGroup: RDSClientTypes.DBParameterGroup?
    var selectedEngineVersion: String?

    init(region: String, username: String, password: String) async throws{
        let rdsConfig = try await RDSClient.RDSClientConfiguration(region: region)
        rdsClient = RDSClient(config: rdsConfig)

        dbUsername = username
        dbPassword = password
        dbParameterGroupName = ""
        dbInstanceIdentifier = ""
        dbSnapshotIdentifier = ""
    }

    /// The example's main body.
    func run() async {
        var parameterGroupFamilies: Set<String> = []

        //=====================================================================
        // 1. Get available database engine families for MySQL.
        //=====================================================================

        let engineVersions = await getDBEngineVersions(engineName: "mysql")

        for version in engineVersions {
            if version.dbParameterGroupFamily != nil {
                parameterGroupFamilies.insert(version.dbParameterGroupFamily!)
            }
        }

        if engineVersions.count > 0 {
            selectedEngineVersion = engineVersions.last!.engineVersion
        } else {
            print("*** Unable to find a valid database engine version. Canceling operations.")
            await cleanUp()
            return
        }

        print("Found \(parameterGroupFamilies.count) parameter group families:")
        for family in parameterGroupFamilies {
            print("    \(family)")
        }

        //=====================================================================
        // 2. Select an engine family and create a custom DB parameter group.
        //    We select a family by sorting the set of family names, then
        //    choosing the last one.
        //=====================================================================

        let sortedFamilies = parameterGroupFamilies.sorted()

        guard let selectedFamily = sortedFamilies.last else {
            print("*** Unable to find a database engine family. Canceling operations.")
            await cleanUp()
            return
        }

        print("Selected database engine family \(selectedFamily)")

        dbParameterGroupName = tempName(prefix: "rds-example")
        print("Creating a database parameter group named \(dbParameterGroupName) using \(selectedFamily)")
        dbParameterGroup = await createDBParameterGroup(groupName: dbParameterGroupName,
                                                        familyName: selectedFamily)

        //=====================================================================
        // 3. Get the parameter group's details.
        //=====================================================================

        print("Getting the database parameter group list...")
        let dbParameterGroupList = await describeDBParameterGroups(groupName: dbParameterGroupName)
        guard let dbParameterGroupList else {
            await cleanUp()
            return
        }

        print("Found \(dbParameterGroupList.count) parameter groups...")
        for group in dbParameterGroupList {
            print("    \(group.dbParameterGroupName ?? "<unknown>")")
        }
        print()

        //=====================================================================
        // 4. Get a list of the parameter group's parameters. This list is
        //    likely to be long, so use pagination. Find the
        //    auto_increment_offset and auto_increment_increment parameters.
        //=====================================================================

        let parameters = await describeDBParameters(groupName: dbParameterGroupName)
        
        //=====================================================================
        // 5. Parse and display each parameter's name, description, and
        //    allowed values.
        //=====================================================================

        for parameter in parameters {
            let name = parameter.parameterName
            guard let name else {
                print("*** Unable to get parameter name!")
                continue
            }

            if name == "auto_increment_offset" || name == "auto_increment_increment" {
                print("Parameter \(name):")
                print("          Value: \(parameter.parameterValue ?? "<undefined>")")
                print("      Data type: \(parameter.dataType ?? "<unknown>")")
                print("    Description: \(parameter.description ?? "")")
                print(" Allowed values: \(parameter.allowedValues ?? "<unspecified")")
                print(String(repeating: "=", count: 78))
            }
        }

        //=====================================================================
        // 6. Modify both the auto_increment_offset and
        //    auto_increment_increment parameters in one call in the custom
        //    parameter group. Set their parameterValue fields to a new
        //    permitted value.
        //=====================================================================

        print("Setting auto_increment_offset and auto_increment_increment both to 5...")
        await modifyDBParameters(groupName: dbParameterGroupName)

        //=====================================================================
        // 7. Get and display the updated parameters, specifying a source of
        //    "user" to get only the modified parameters.
        //=====================================================================

        let updatedParameters = await describeDBParameters(groupName: dbParameterGroupName, source: "user")

        for parameter in updatedParameters {
            let name = parameter.parameterName
            guard let name else {
                print("*** Unable to get parameter name!")
                continue
            }

            print("Parameter \(name):")
            print("          Value: \(parameter.parameterValue ?? "<undefined>")")
            print("      Data type: \(parameter.dataType ?? "<unknown>")")
            print("    Description: \(parameter.description ?? "")")
            print(" Allowed values: \(parameter.allowedValues ?? "<unspecified")")
            print(String(repeating: "=", count: 78))
        }

        //=====================================================================
        // 8. Get a list of allowed engine versions using
        //    DescribeRDSEngineVersions.
        //=====================================================================

        await listAllowedEngines(family: selectedFamily)

        //=====================================================================
        // 9. Get a list of micro instance classes available for the selected
        //    engine and engine version.
        //=====================================================================

        let dbInstanceClass = await chooseMicroInstance(engine: "mysql", engineVersion: selectedEngineVersion)
        guard let dbInstanceClass else {
            print("Did not get a valid instance class. Canceling operations.")
            await cleanUp()
            return
        }

        //=====================================================================
        // 10. Create an RDS database that contains a MySQL database and uses
        //     the parameter group we created.
        //=====================================================================
        
        print("Creating the database instance...")

        guard let instanceClass = dbInstanceClass.dbInstanceClass else {
            print("Instance class name is unknown. Canceling operations.")
            await cleanUp()
            return
        }

        dbInstanceIdentifier = tempName(prefix: "sample-identifier")
        let dbInstanceArn = await createDBInstance(
            name: "SampleDatabase\(Int.random(in: 1000000..<1000000000))",
            instanceIdentifier: dbInstanceIdentifier,
            parameterGroupName: dbParameterGroupName,
            engine: "mysql",
            engineVersion: selectedEngineVersion!,
            instanceClass: instanceClass,
            username: dbUsername,
            password: dbPassword
        )

        if dbInstanceArn == nil {
            await cleanUp()
            return
        }

        //=====================================================================
        // 11. Wait for the database instance to be ready by calling
        //     DescribeDBInstances repeatedly until it reports
        //     dbInstanceStatus as "available". This can take upwards of 10
        //     minutes, let the user know that.
        //=====================================================================

        guard let endpoint = await waitUntilDBInstanceReady(instanceIdentifier: dbInstanceIdentifier) else {
            print("\nDid not get a valid endpoint from AWS RDS.")
            await cleanUp()
            return
        }
        
        guard let endpointAddress = endpoint.address else {
            print("\nNo endpoint address returned.")
            await cleanUp()
            return
        }
        guard let endpointPort = endpoint.port else {
            print("\nNo endpoint port returned.")
            await cleanUp()
            return
        }

        //=====================================================================
        // 12. Display connection information for the database instance.
        //=====================================================================

        print("\nTo connect to the new database instance using 'mysql' from the shell:")
        print("    mysql -h \(endpointAddress) -P \(endpointPort) -u \(self.dbUsername)")

        //=====================================================================
        // 13. Create a snapshot of the database instance.
        //=====================================================================

        dbSnapshotIdentifier = tempName(prefix: "sample-snapshot")
        await createDBSnapshot(instanceIdentifier: dbInstanceIdentifier, snapshotIdentifier: dbSnapshotIdentifier)

        //=====================================================================
        // 14. Wait for the snapshot to be ready.
        //=====================================================================

        await waitUntilDBSnapshotReady(instanceIdentifier: dbInstanceIdentifier, snapshotIdentifier: dbSnapshotIdentifier)

        // That's it! Clean up and exit!

        print("Example complete! Cleaning up...")
        await cleanUp()
    }

    /// Clean up by discarding and closing down all allocated EC2 items. 
    func cleanUp() async {
        print("Deleting the database instance \(dbInstanceIdentifier)...")
        await deleteDBInstance(instanceIdentifier: dbInstanceIdentifier)
        await waitUntilDBInstanceDeleted(instanceIdentifier: dbInstanceIdentifier)

        print("Deleting the database parameter group \(dbParameterGroupName)...")
        await deleteDBParameterGroup(groupName: dbParameterGroupName)
    }

    /// Get all the database engine versions available for the specified
    /// database engine.
    /// 
    /// - Parameter engineName: The name of the database engine to query.
    /// 
    /// - Returns: An array of `RDSClientTypes.DBEngineVersion` structures,
    ///   each describing one supported version of the specified database.
    func getDBEngineVersions(engineName: String) async -> [RDSClientTypes.DBEngineVersion] {
        do {
            let output = try await rdsClient.describeDBEngineVersions(
                input: DescribeDBEngineVersionsInput(
                    engine: engineName
                )
            )

            return output.dbEngineVersions ?? []
        } catch {
            return []
        }
    }

    /// Create a new database parameter group with the specified name.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - groupName: The name of the new parameter group.
    ///   - familyName: The name of the parameter group family.
    /// - Returns: 
    func createDBParameterGroup(groupName: String, familyName: String) async -> RDSClientTypes.DBParameterGroup? {
        do {
            let output = try await rdsClient.createDBParameterGroup(
                input: CreateDBParameterGroupInput(
                    dbParameterGroupFamily: familyName,
                    dbParameterGroupName: groupName,
                    description: "Created using the AWS SDK for Swift"
                )
            )
            return output.dbParameterGroup
        } catch {
            print("*** Error creating the parameter group: \(error.localizedDescription)")
            return nil
        }
    }

    /// Get descriptions of the database parameter groups matching the given
    /// name.
    ///
    /// - Parameter groupName: The name of the parameter group to describe.
    /// 
    /// - Returns: An array of [RDSClientTypes.DBParameterGroup] objects
    ///   describing the parameter group.
    func describeDBParameterGroups(groupName: String) async -> [RDSClientTypes.DBParameterGroup]? {
        do {
            let output = try await rdsClient.describeDBParameterGroups(
                input: DescribeDBParameterGroupsInput(
                    dbParameterGroupName: groupName
                )
            )
            return output.dbParameterGroups
        } catch {
            print("*** Error getting the database parameter group's details: \(error.localizedDescription)")
            return nil
        }
    }

    /// Returns the detailed parameter list for the specified database
    /// parameter group.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - groupName: The name of the parameter group to return parameters for.
    ///   - source: The types of parameters to return (`user`, `system`, or
    ///     `engine-default`).
    /// 
    /// - Returns: An array of `RdSClientTypes.Parameter` objects, each
    ///   describing one of the group's parameters.
    func describeDBParameters(groupName: String, source: String? = nil) async -> [RDSClientTypes.Parameter] {
        var parameterList: [RDSClientTypes.Parameter] = []

        do {
            let pages = rdsClient.describeDBParametersPaginated(
                input: DescribeDBParametersInput(
                    dbParameterGroupName: groupName,
                    source: source
                )
            )

            for try await page in pages {
                guard let parameters = page.parameters else {
                    return []
                }

                parameterList += parameters
            }
        } catch {
            print("*** Error getting database parameters: \(error.localizedDescription)")
            return []
        }

        return parameterList
    }

    /// Demonstrates modifying two of the specified database parameter group's
    /// parameters.
    /// 
    /// - Parameter groupName: The name of the parameter group to change
    ///   parameters for.
    func modifyDBParameters(groupName: String) async {
        let parameter1 = RDSClientTypes.Parameter(
            applyMethod: RDSClientTypes.ApplyMethod.immediate,
            parameterName: "auto_increment_offset",
            parameterValue: "5"
        )
        let parameter2 = RDSClientTypes.Parameter(
            applyMethod: RDSClientTypes.ApplyMethod.immediate,
            parameterName: "auto_increment_increment",
            parameterValue: "5"
        )

        let parameterList = [parameter1, parameter2]

        do {
            _ = try await rdsClient.modifyDBParameterGroup(
                input: ModifyDBParameterGroupInput(
                    dbParameterGroupName: groupName,
                    parameters: parameterList
                )
            )

            print("Successfully modified the parameter group \(groupName).")
        } catch {
            print("*** Error modifying the parameter group \(groupName): \(error.localizedDescription)")
        }
    }

    /// Output a list of the database engine versions supported by the
    /// specified family.
    /// 
    /// - Parameter family: The family for which to list allowed database
    ///   engines.
    func listAllowedEngines(family: String?) async {
        do {
            let output = try await rdsClient.describeDBEngineVersions(
                input: DescribeDBEngineVersionsInput(
                    dbParameterGroupFamily: family,
                    engine: "mysql"
                )
            )

            guard let engineVersions = output.dbEngineVersions else {
                print("No engine versions returned.")
                return
            }

            print("Found \(engineVersions.count) database engine versions:")
            for version in engineVersions {
                print("    \(version.engineVersion ?? "<unknown>"): \(version.dbEngineDescription ?? "")")
            }
        } catch {
            print("*** Error getting database engine version list: \(error.localizedDescription)")
            return
        }
    }

    /// Print a list of available database instances with "micro" in the class
    /// name, then return one of them to be used by other code.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - engine: The database engine for which to list database instance
    ///     classes.
    ///   - engineVersion: The database version for which to list instances.
    /// 
    /// - Returns: An `RDSClientTypes.OrderableDBInstanceOption` describing
    ///   the selected instance type.
    func chooseMicroInstance(engine: String = "mysql", engineVersion: String? = nil) async -> RDSClientTypes.OrderableDBInstanceOption? {
        do {
            let pages = rdsClient.describeOrderableDBInstanceOptionsPaginated(
                input: DescribeOrderableDBInstanceOptionsInput(
                    engine: engine,
                    engineVersion: engineVersion
                )
            )

            var optionsList: [RDSClientTypes.OrderableDBInstanceOption] = []

            for try await page in pages {
                guard let orderableDBInstanceOptions = page.orderableDBInstanceOptions else {
                    continue
                }

                for dbInstanceOption in orderableDBInstanceOptions {
                    guard let className = dbInstanceOption.dbInstanceClass else {
                        continue
                    }
                    if className.contains("micro") {
                        optionsList.append(dbInstanceOption)
                    }
                }
            }

            print("Found \(optionsList.count) database instances of 'micro' class types:")
            for dbInstanceOption in optionsList {
                print("    \(dbInstanceOption.engine ?? "<unknown>") \(dbInstanceOption.engineVersion ?? "<unknown>") (\(dbInstanceOption.dbInstanceClass ?? "<unknown class>"))")
            }

            return optionsList[0]
        } catch {
            print("*** Error getting a list of orderable instance options: \(error.localizedDescription)")
            return nil
        }
    }

    /// Create a new database instance.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - name: The name of the database to create.
    ///   - instanceIdentifier: The identifier to give the new database
    ///     instance.
    ///   - parameterGroupName: The name of the parameter group to associate
    ///     with the new database instance.
    ///   - engine: The database engine to use.
    ///   - engineVersion: The version of the database given by `engine` to
    ///     use.
    ///   - instanceClass: The memory and compute capacity of the database
    ///     instance, such as `db.m5.large``.
    ///   - username: The admin user's username to establish for the new
    ///     instance.
    ///   - password: The password to use for the specified user's access.
    /// 
    /// - Returns: A string indicating the ARN of the newly created database
    ///   instance, or nil if the instance couldn't be created.
    func createDBInstance(name: String, instanceIdentifier: String, parameterGroupName: String,
                          engine: String, engineVersion: String, instanceClass: String,
                          username: String, password: String) async -> String? {
        do {
            let output = try await rdsClient.createDBInstance(
                input: CreateDBInstanceInput(
                    allocatedStorage: 100,
                    dbInstanceClass: instanceClass,
                    dbInstanceIdentifier: instanceIdentifier,
                    dbName: name,
                    dbParameterGroupName: parameterGroupName,
                    engine: engine,
                    engineVersion: engineVersion,
                    masterUserPassword: password,
                    masterUsername: username,
                    storageType: "gp2"
                )
            )

            guard let dbInstance = output.dbInstance else {
                print("*** Unable to get the database instance.")
                return nil
            }

            return dbInstance.dbInstanceArn
        } catch {
            print("*** An error occurred while creating the database instance: \(error.localizedDescription)")
            return nil
        }
    }

    /// Wait until the specified database is available to use.
    ///
    /// - Parameter instanceIdentifier: The database instance identifier of the
    ///   database to wait for.
    func waitUntilDBInstanceReady(instanceIdentifier: String) async -> RDSClientTypes.Endpoint? {
        do {
            putString("Waiting for the database instance to be ready to use. This may take 10 minutes or more...")
            while true {
                let output = try await rdsClient.describeDBInstances(
                    input: DescribeDBInstancesInput(
                        dbInstanceIdentifier: instanceIdentifier
                    )
                )

                guard let instanceList = output.dbInstances else {
                    continue
                }

                for instance in instanceList {
                    let status = instance.dbInstanceStatus

                    guard let status else {
                        print("\nUnable to determine the status.")
                        continue
                    }

                    if status.contains("available") {
                        return instance.endpoint
                    } else {
                        putString(".")
                        do {
                            try await Task.sleep(for: .seconds(15))
                        } catch {
                            print("*** Error pausing the task!")
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        } catch {
            print("*** Unable to wait until the database is ready: \(error.localizedDescription)")
            return nil
        }
    }

    /// Create a snapshot of the specified name.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - instanceIdentifier: The identifier of the database instance to
    ///     snapshot.
    ///   - snapshotIdentifier: A unique identifier to give the newly-created
    ///     snapshot.
    func createDBSnapshot(instanceIdentifier: String, snapshotIdentifier: String) async {
        do {
            let output = try await rdsClient.createDBSnapshot(
                input: CreateDBSnapshotInput(
                    dbInstanceIdentifier: instanceIdentifier,
                    dbSnapshotIdentifier: snapshotIdentifier
                )
            )

            guard let snapshot = output.dbSnapshot else {
                print("No snapshot returned.")
                return
            }

            print("The snapshot has been created with ID \(snapshot.dbiResourceId ?? "<unknown>")")
        } catch {
            print("*** Unable to create the database snapshot named \(snapshotIdentifier): \(error.localizedDescription)")
        }
    }

    /// Wait until the specified database snapshot is available to use.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - instanceIdentifier: The identifier of the database for which the
    ///     snapshot was taken.
    ///   - snapshotIdentifier: The identifier of the snapshot to wait for.
    func waitUntilDBSnapshotReady(instanceIdentifier: String, snapshotIdentifier: String) async {
        var snapshotReady = false

        putString("Waiting for the snapshot to be ready...")

        do {
            while !snapshotReady {
                let output = try await rdsClient.describeDBSnapshots(
                    input: DescribeDBSnapshotsInput(
                        dbInstanceIdentifier: instanceIdentifier,
                        dbSnapshotIdentifier: snapshotIdentifier
                    )
                )

                guard let snapshotList = output.dbSnapshots else {
                    return
                }

                for snapshot in snapshotList {
                    guard let snapshotReadyStr = snapshot.status else {
                        return
                    }

                    if snapshotReadyStr.contains("available") {
                        snapshotReady = true
                        print()
                    } else {
                        putString(".")
                        do {
                            try await Task.sleep(for: .seconds(15))
                        } catch {
                            print("\n*** Error pausing the task!")
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        } catch {
            print("\n*** Unable to wait for the database snapshot to be ready: \(error.localizedDescription)")
        }
    }

    /// Delete the specified database instance.
    /// 
    /// - Parameter instanceIdentifier: The identifier of the database
    ///   instance to delete.
    func deleteDBInstance(instanceIdentifier: String) async {
        do {
            _ = try await rdsClient.deleteDBInstance(
                input: DeleteDBInstanceInput(
                    dbInstanceIdentifier: instanceIdentifier,
                    deleteAutomatedBackups: true,
                    skipFinalSnapshot: true
                )
            )
        } catch {
            print("*** Error deleting the database instance \(instanceIdentifier): \(error.localizedDescription)")
        }
    }

    /// Wait until the specified database instance has been deleted.
    /// 
    /// - Parameter instanceIdentifier: The identifier of the database
    ///   instance to wait for.
    func waitUntilDBInstanceDeleted(instanceIdentifier: String) async {
        putString("Waiting for the database instance to be deleted. This may take a few minutes...")
        do {
            var isDatabaseDeleted = false
            var foundInstance = false

            while !isDatabaseDeleted {
                let output = try await rdsClient.describeDBInstances(input: DescribeDBInstancesInput())
                guard let instanceList = output.dbInstances else {
                    return
                }

                foundInstance = false

                for instance in instanceList {
                    guard let foundInstanceIdentifier = instance.dbInstanceIdentifier else {
                        continue
                    }

                    if instanceIdentifier == foundInstanceIdentifier {
                        foundInstance = true
                        break
                    } else {
                        putString(".")
                        do {
                            try await Task.sleep(for: .seconds(15))
                        } catch {
                            print("\n*** Error pausing the task!")
                        }
                    }
                }
                if !foundInstance {
                    isDatabaseDeleted = true
                    print()
                }
            }
        } catch {
            print("\n*** Error waiting for the database instance to be deleted: \(error.localizedDescription)")
        }
    }

    /// Delete the specified database parameter group.
    /// 
    /// - Parameter groupName: The name of the parameter group to delete.
    func deleteDBParameterGroup(groupName: String) async {
        do {
            _ = try await rdsClient.deleteDBParameterGroup(
                input: DeleteDBParameterGroupInput(
                    dbParameterGroupName: groupName
                )
            )
        } catch {
            print("*** Error deleting the database parameter group \(groupName): \(error.localizedDescription)")
        }
    }

    /// Generate and return a unique file name that begins with the specified
    /// string.
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - prefix: Text to use at the beginning of the returned name.
    ///
    /// - Returns: A string containing a unique filename that begins with the
    ///   specified `prefix`.
    ///
    /// The returned name uses a random number between 1 million and 1 billion to
    /// provide reasonable certainty of uniqueness for the purposes of this
    /// example.
    func tempName(prefix: String) -> String {
        return "\(prefix)-\(Int.random(in: 1000000..<1000000000))"
    }

    /// Print a string to standard output without a trailing newline, and
    /// without buffering.
    /// 
    /// - Parameter str: The string to output.
    func putString(_ str: String = "") {
        if str.length >= 1 {
            let data = str.data(using: .utf8)
            guard let data else {
                return
            }
            FileHandle.standardOutput.write(data)
        }
    }
}

/// The program's asynchronous entry point.
@main
struct Main {
    static func main() async {
        let args = Array(CommandLine.arguments.dropFirst())

        do {
            let command = try ExampleCommand.parse(args)
            try await command.runAsync()
        } catch {
            ExampleCommand.exit(withError: error)
        }
    }    
}
```
+ For API details, see the following topics in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*.
  + [CreateDBInstance](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsrds/latest/documentation/awsrds/rdsclient/createdbinstance(input:))
  + [CreateDBParameterGroup](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsrds/latest/documentation/awsrds/rdsclient/createdbparametergroup(input:))
  + [CreateDBSnapshot](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsrds/latest/documentation/awsrds/rdsclient/createdbsnapshot(input:))
  + [DeleteDBInstance](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsrds/latest/documentation/awsrds/rdsclient/deletedbinstance(input:))
  + [DeleteDBParameterGroup](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsrds/latest/documentation/awsrds/rdsclient/deletedbparametergroup(input:))
  + [DescribeDBEngineVersions](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsrds/latest/documentation/awsrds/rdsclient/describedbengineversions(input:))
  + [DescribeDBInstances](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsrds/latest/documentation/awsrds/rdsclient/describedbinstances(input:))
  + [DescribeDBParameterGroups](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsrds/latest/documentation/awsrds/rdsclient/describedbparametergroups(input:))
  + [DescribeDBParameters](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsrds/latest/documentation/awsrds/rdsclient/describedbparameters(input:))
  + [DescribeDBSnapshots](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsrds/latest/documentation/awsrds/rdsclient/describedbsnapshots(input:))
  + [DescribeOrderableDBInstanceOptions](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsrds/latest/documentation/awsrds/rdsclient/describeorderabledbinstanceoptions(input:))
  + [ModifyDBParameterGroup](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsrds/latest/documentation/awsrds/rdsclient/modifydbparametergroup(input:))

## Actions
Actions

### `CreateDBInstance`
`CreateDBInstance`

The following code example shows how to use `CreateDBInstance`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/rds#code-examples). 

```
import AWSRDS

    /// Create a new database instance.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - name: The name of the database to create.
    ///   - instanceIdentifier: The identifier to give the new database
    ///     instance.
    ///   - parameterGroupName: The name of the parameter group to associate
    ///     with the new database instance.
    ///   - engine: The database engine to use.
    ///   - engineVersion: The version of the database given by `engine` to
    ///     use.
    ///   - instanceClass: The memory and compute capacity of the database
    ///     instance, such as `db.m5.large``.
    ///   - username: The admin user's username to establish for the new
    ///     instance.
    ///   - password: The password to use for the specified user's access.
    /// 
    /// - Returns: A string indicating the ARN of the newly created database
    ///   instance, or nil if the instance couldn't be created.
    func createDBInstance(name: String, instanceIdentifier: String, parameterGroupName: String,
                          engine: String, engineVersion: String, instanceClass: String,
                          username: String, password: String) async -> String? {
        do {
            let output = try await rdsClient.createDBInstance(
                input: CreateDBInstanceInput(
                    allocatedStorage: 100,
                    dbInstanceClass: instanceClass,
                    dbInstanceIdentifier: instanceIdentifier,
                    dbName: name,
                    dbParameterGroupName: parameterGroupName,
                    engine: engine,
                    engineVersion: engineVersion,
                    masterUserPassword: password,
                    masterUsername: username,
                    storageType: "gp2"
                )
            )

            guard let dbInstance = output.dbInstance else {
                print("*** Unable to get the database instance.")
                return nil
            }

            return dbInstance.dbInstanceArn
        } catch {
            print("*** An error occurred while creating the database instance: \(error.localizedDescription)")
            return nil
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [CreateDBInstance](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsrds/latest/documentation/awsrds/rdsclient/createdbinstance(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `CreateDBParameterGroup`
`CreateDBParameterGroup`

The following code example shows how to use `CreateDBParameterGroup`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/rds#code-examples). 

```
import AWSRDS

    /// Create a new database parameter group with the specified name.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - groupName: The name of the new parameter group.
    ///   - familyName: The name of the parameter group family.
    /// - Returns: 
    func createDBParameterGroup(groupName: String, familyName: String) async -> RDSClientTypes.DBParameterGroup? {
        do {
            let output = try await rdsClient.createDBParameterGroup(
                input: CreateDBParameterGroupInput(
                    dbParameterGroupFamily: familyName,
                    dbParameterGroupName: groupName,
                    description: "Created using the AWS SDK for Swift"
                )
            )
            return output.dbParameterGroup
        } catch {
            print("*** Error creating the parameter group: \(error.localizedDescription)")
            return nil
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [CreateDBParameterGroup](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsrds/latest/documentation/awsrds/rdsclient/createdbparametergroup(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `CreateDBSnapshot`
`CreateDBSnapshot`

The following code example shows how to use `CreateDBSnapshot`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/rds#code-examples). 

```
import AWSRDS

    /// Create a snapshot of the specified name.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - instanceIdentifier: The identifier of the database instance to
    ///     snapshot.
    ///   - snapshotIdentifier: A unique identifier to give the newly-created
    ///     snapshot.
    func createDBSnapshot(instanceIdentifier: String, snapshotIdentifier: String) async {
        do {
            let output = try await rdsClient.createDBSnapshot(
                input: CreateDBSnapshotInput(
                    dbInstanceIdentifier: instanceIdentifier,
                    dbSnapshotIdentifier: snapshotIdentifier
                )
            )

            guard let snapshot = output.dbSnapshot else {
                print("No snapshot returned.")
                return
            }

            print("The snapshot has been created with ID \(snapshot.dbiResourceId ?? "<unknown>")")
        } catch {
            print("*** Unable to create the database snapshot named \(snapshotIdentifier): \(error.localizedDescription)")
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [CreateDBSnapshot](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsrds/latest/documentation/awsrds/rdsclient/createdbsnapshot(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `DeleteDBInstance`
`DeleteDBInstance`

The following code example shows how to use `DeleteDBInstance`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/rds#code-examples). 

```
import AWSRDS

    /// Delete the specified database instance.
    /// 
    /// - Parameter instanceIdentifier: The identifier of the database
    ///   instance to delete.
    func deleteDBInstance(instanceIdentifier: String) async {
        do {
            _ = try await rdsClient.deleteDBInstance(
                input: DeleteDBInstanceInput(
                    dbInstanceIdentifier: instanceIdentifier,
                    deleteAutomatedBackups: true,
                    skipFinalSnapshot: true
                )
            )
        } catch {
            print("*** Error deleting the database instance \(instanceIdentifier): \(error.localizedDescription)")
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [DeleteDBInstance](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsrds/latest/documentation/awsrds/rdsclient/deletedbinstance(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `DeleteDBParameterGroup`
`DeleteDBParameterGroup`

The following code example shows how to use `DeleteDBParameterGroup`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/rds#code-examples). 

```
import AWSRDS

    /// Delete the specified database parameter group.
    /// 
    /// - Parameter groupName: The name of the parameter group to delete.
    func deleteDBParameterGroup(groupName: String) async {
        do {
            _ = try await rdsClient.deleteDBParameterGroup(
                input: DeleteDBParameterGroupInput(
                    dbParameterGroupName: groupName
                )
            )
        } catch {
            print("*** Error deleting the database parameter group \(groupName): \(error.localizedDescription)")
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [DeleteDBParameterGroup](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsrds/latest/documentation/awsrds/rdsclient/deletedbparametergroup(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `DescribeDBEngineVersions`
`DescribeDBEngineVersions`

The following code example shows how to use `DescribeDBEngineVersions`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/rds#code-examples). 

```
import AWSRDS

    /// Get all the database engine versions available for the specified
    /// database engine.
    /// 
    /// - Parameter engineName: The name of the database engine to query.
    /// 
    /// - Returns: An array of `RDSClientTypes.DBEngineVersion` structures,
    ///   each describing one supported version of the specified database.
    func getDBEngineVersions(engineName: String) async -> [RDSClientTypes.DBEngineVersion] {
        do {
            let output = try await rdsClient.describeDBEngineVersions(
                input: DescribeDBEngineVersionsInput(
                    engine: engineName
                )
            )

            return output.dbEngineVersions ?? []
        } catch {
            return []
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [DescribeDBEngineVersions](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsrds/latest/documentation/awsrds/rdsclient/describedbengineversions(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `DescribeDBInstances`
`DescribeDBInstances`

The following code example shows how to use `DescribeDBInstances`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/rds#code-examples). 

```
import AWSRDS

    /// Wait until the specified database is available to use.
    ///
    /// - Parameter instanceIdentifier: The database instance identifier of the
    ///   database to wait for.
    func waitUntilDBInstanceReady(instanceIdentifier: String) async -> RDSClientTypes.Endpoint? {
        do {
            putString("Waiting for the database instance to be ready to use. This may take 10 minutes or more...")
            while true {
                let output = try await rdsClient.describeDBInstances(
                    input: DescribeDBInstancesInput(
                        dbInstanceIdentifier: instanceIdentifier
                    )
                )

                guard let instanceList = output.dbInstances else {
                    continue
                }

                for instance in instanceList {
                    let status = instance.dbInstanceStatus

                    guard let status else {
                        print("\nUnable to determine the status.")
                        continue
                    }

                    if status.contains("available") {
                        return instance.endpoint
                    } else {
                        putString(".")
                        do {
                            try await Task.sleep(for: .seconds(15))
                        } catch {
                            print("*** Error pausing the task!")
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        } catch {
            print("*** Unable to wait until the database is ready: \(error.localizedDescription)")
            return nil
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [DescribeDBInstances](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsrds/latest/documentation/awsrds/rdsclient/describedbinstances(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `DescribeDBParameterGroups`
`DescribeDBParameterGroups`

The following code example shows how to use `DescribeDBParameterGroups`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/rds#code-examples). 

```
import AWSRDS

    /// Get descriptions of the database parameter groups matching the given
    /// name.
    ///
    /// - Parameter groupName: The name of the parameter group to describe.
    /// 
    /// - Returns: An array of [RDSClientTypes.DBParameterGroup] objects
    ///   describing the parameter group.
    func describeDBParameterGroups(groupName: String) async -> [RDSClientTypes.DBParameterGroup]? {
        do {
            let output = try await rdsClient.describeDBParameterGroups(
                input: DescribeDBParameterGroupsInput(
                    dbParameterGroupName: groupName
                )
            )
            return output.dbParameterGroups
        } catch {
            print("*** Error getting the database parameter group's details: \(error.localizedDescription)")
            return nil
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [DescribeDBParameterGroups](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsrds/latest/documentation/awsrds/rdsclient/describedbparametergroups(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `DescribeDBParameters`
`DescribeDBParameters`

The following code example shows how to use `DescribeDBParameters`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/rds#code-examples). 

```
import AWSRDS

    /// Returns the detailed parameter list for the specified database
    /// parameter group.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - groupName: The name of the parameter group to return parameters for.
    ///   - source: The types of parameters to return (`user`, `system`, or
    ///     `engine-default`).
    /// 
    /// - Returns: An array of `RdSClientTypes.Parameter` objects, each
    ///   describing one of the group's parameters.
    func describeDBParameters(groupName: String, source: String? = nil) async -> [RDSClientTypes.Parameter] {
        var parameterList: [RDSClientTypes.Parameter] = []

        do {
            let pages = rdsClient.describeDBParametersPaginated(
                input: DescribeDBParametersInput(
                    dbParameterGroupName: groupName,
                    source: source
                )
            )

            for try await page in pages {
                guard let parameters = page.parameters else {
                    return []
                }

                parameterList += parameters
            }
        } catch {
            print("*** Error getting database parameters: \(error.localizedDescription)")
            return []
        }

        return parameterList
    }
```
+  For API details, see [DescribeDBParameters](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsrds/latest/documentation/awsrds/rdsclient/describedbparameters(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `DescribeDBSnapshots`
`DescribeDBSnapshots`

The following code example shows how to use `DescribeDBSnapshots`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/rds#code-examples). 

```
import AWSRDS

    /// Wait until the specified database snapshot is available to use.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - instanceIdentifier: The identifier of the database for which the
    ///     snapshot was taken.
    ///   - snapshotIdentifier: The identifier of the snapshot to wait for.
    func waitUntilDBSnapshotReady(instanceIdentifier: String, snapshotIdentifier: String) async {
        var snapshotReady = false

        putString("Waiting for the snapshot to be ready...")

        do {
            while !snapshotReady {
                let output = try await rdsClient.describeDBSnapshots(
                    input: DescribeDBSnapshotsInput(
                        dbInstanceIdentifier: instanceIdentifier,
                        dbSnapshotIdentifier: snapshotIdentifier
                    )
                )

                guard let snapshotList = output.dbSnapshots else {
                    return
                }

                for snapshot in snapshotList {
                    guard let snapshotReadyStr = snapshot.status else {
                        return
                    }

                    if snapshotReadyStr.contains("available") {
                        snapshotReady = true
                        print()
                    } else {
                        putString(".")
                        do {
                            try await Task.sleep(for: .seconds(15))
                        } catch {
                            print("\n*** Error pausing the task!")
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        } catch {
            print("\n*** Unable to wait for the database snapshot to be ready: \(error.localizedDescription)")
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [DescribeDBSnapshots](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsrds/latest/documentation/awsrds/rdsclient/describedbsnapshots(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `DescribeOrderableDBInstanceOptions`
`DescribeOrderableDBInstanceOptions`

The following code example shows how to use `DescribeOrderableDBInstanceOptions`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/rds#code-examples). 

```
import AWSRDS

    /// Print a list of available database instances with "micro" in the class
    /// name, then return one of them to be used by other code.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - engine: The database engine for which to list database instance
    ///     classes.
    ///   - engineVersion: The database version for which to list instances.
    /// 
    /// - Returns: An `RDSClientTypes.OrderableDBInstanceOption` describing
    ///   the selected instance type.
    func chooseMicroInstance(engine: String = "mysql", engineVersion: String? = nil) async -> RDSClientTypes.OrderableDBInstanceOption? {
        do {
            let pages = rdsClient.describeOrderableDBInstanceOptionsPaginated(
                input: DescribeOrderableDBInstanceOptionsInput(
                    engine: engine,
                    engineVersion: engineVersion
                )
            )

            var optionsList: [RDSClientTypes.OrderableDBInstanceOption] = []

            for try await page in pages {
                guard let orderableDBInstanceOptions = page.orderableDBInstanceOptions else {
                    continue
                }

                for dbInstanceOption in orderableDBInstanceOptions {
                    guard let className = dbInstanceOption.dbInstanceClass else {
                        continue
                    }
                    if className.contains("micro") {
                        optionsList.append(dbInstanceOption)
                    }
                }
            }

            print("Found \(optionsList.count) database instances of 'micro' class types:")
            for dbInstanceOption in optionsList {
                print("    \(dbInstanceOption.engine ?? "<unknown>") \(dbInstanceOption.engineVersion ?? "<unknown>") (\(dbInstanceOption.dbInstanceClass ?? "<unknown class>"))")
            }

            return optionsList[0]
        } catch {
            print("*** Error getting a list of orderable instance options: \(error.localizedDescription)")
            return nil
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [DescribeOrderableDBInstanceOptions](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsrds/latest/documentation/awsrds/rdsclient/describeorderabledbinstanceoptions(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `ModifyDBParameterGroup`
`ModifyDBParameterGroup`

The following code example shows how to use `ModifyDBParameterGroup`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/rds#code-examples). 

```
import AWSRDS

    /// Demonstrates modifying two of the specified database parameter group's
    /// parameters.
    /// 
    /// - Parameter groupName: The name of the parameter group to change
    ///   parameters for.
    func modifyDBParameters(groupName: String) async {
        let parameter1 = RDSClientTypes.Parameter(
            applyMethod: RDSClientTypes.ApplyMethod.immediate,
            parameterName: "auto_increment_offset",
            parameterValue: "5"
        )
        let parameter2 = RDSClientTypes.Parameter(
            applyMethod: RDSClientTypes.ApplyMethod.immediate,
            parameterName: "auto_increment_increment",
            parameterValue: "5"
        )

        let parameterList = [parameter1, parameter2]

        do {
            _ = try await rdsClient.modifyDBParameterGroup(
                input: ModifyDBParameterGroupInput(
                    dbParameterGroupName: groupName,
                    parameters: parameterList
                )
            )

            print("Successfully modified the parameter group \(groupName).")
        } catch {
            print("*** Error modifying the parameter group \(groupName): \(error.localizedDescription)")
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [ModifyDBParameterGroup](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awsrds/latest/documentation/awsrds/rdsclient/modifydbparametergroup(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

# Amazon S3 examples using SDK for Swift
Amazon S3

The following code examples show you how to perform actions and implement common scenarios by using the AWS SDK for Swift with Amazon S3.

*Basics* are code examples that show you how to perform the essential operations within a service.

*Actions* are code excerpts from larger programs and must be run in context. While actions show you how to call individual service functions, you can see actions in context in their related scenarios.

*Scenarios* are code examples that show you how to accomplish specific tasks by calling multiple functions within a service or combined with other AWS services.

Each example includes a link to the complete source code, where you can find instructions on how to set up and run the code in context.

**Topics**
+ [Basics](#basics)
+ [Actions](#actions)
+ [Scenarios](#scenarios)

## Basics
Basics

### Learn the basics
Learn the basics

The following code example shows how to:
+ Create a bucket and upload a file to it.
+ Download an object from a bucket.
+ Copy an object to a subfolder in a bucket.
+ List the objects in a bucket.
+ Delete the bucket objects and the bucket.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/s3/basics#code-examples). 

```
import AWSS3

import Foundation
import AWSS3
import Smithy
import ClientRuntime

/// A class containing all the code that interacts with the AWS SDK for Swift.
public class ServiceHandler {
    let configuration: S3Client.S3ClientConfiguration
    let client: S3Client

    enum HandlerError: Error {
        case getObjectBody(String)
        case readGetObjectBody(String)
        case missingContents(String)
    }

    /// Initialize and return a new ``ServiceHandler`` object, which is used to drive the AWS calls
    /// used for the example.
    ///
    /// - Returns: A new ``ServiceHandler`` object, ready to be called to
    ///            execute AWS operations.
    public init() async throws {
        do {
            configuration = try await S3Client.S3ClientConfiguration() 
         //   configuration.region = "us-east-2" // Uncomment this to set the region programmatically.
            client = S3Client(config: configuration)
        }
        catch {
            print("ERROR: ", dump(error, name: "Initializing S3 client"))
            throw error
        }
    }


    /// Create a new user given the specified name.
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - name: Name of the bucket to create.
    /// Throws an exception if an error occurs.
    public func createBucket(name: String) async throws {
        var input = CreateBucketInput(
            bucket: name
        )
        
        // For regions other than "us-east-1", you must set the locationConstraint in the createBucketConfiguration.
        // For more information, see LocationConstraint in the S3 API guide.
        // https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/API/API_CreateBucket.html#API_CreateBucket_RequestBody
        if let region = configuration.region {
            if region != "us-east-1" {
                input.createBucketConfiguration = S3ClientTypes.CreateBucketConfiguration(locationConstraint: S3ClientTypes.BucketLocationConstraint(rawValue: region))
            }
        }

        do {
            _ = try await client.createBucket(input: input)
        }
        catch let error as BucketAlreadyOwnedByYou {
            print("The bucket '\(name)' already exists and is owned by you. You may wish to ignore this exception.")
            throw error
        }
        catch {
            print("ERROR: ", dump(error, name: "Creating a bucket"))
            throw error
        }
    }

    /// Delete a bucket.
    /// - Parameter name: Name of the bucket to delete.
    public func deleteBucket(name: String) async throws {
        let input = DeleteBucketInput(
            bucket: name
        )
        do {
            _ = try await client.deleteBucket(input: input)
        }
        catch {
            print("ERROR: ", dump(error, name: "Deleting a bucket"))
            throw error
        }
    }

    /// Upload a file from local storage to the bucket.
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - bucket: Name of the bucket to upload the file to.
    ///   - key: Name of the file to create.
    ///   - file: Path name of the file to upload.
    public func uploadFile(bucket: String, key: String, file: String) async throws {
        let fileUrl = URL(fileURLWithPath: file)
        do {
            let fileData = try Data(contentsOf: fileUrl)
            let dataStream = ByteStream.data(fileData)

            let input = PutObjectInput(
                body: dataStream,
                bucket: bucket,
                key: key
            )

            _ = try await client.putObject(input: input)
        }
        catch {
            print("ERROR: ", dump(error, name: "Putting an object."))
            throw error
        }
    }

    /// Create a file in the specified bucket with the given name. The new
    /// file's contents are uploaded from a `Data` object.
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - bucket: Name of the bucket to create a file in.
    ///   - key: Name of the file to create.
    ///   - data: A `Data` object to write into the new file.
    public func createFile(bucket: String, key: String, withData data: Data) async throws {
        let dataStream = ByteStream.data(data)

        let input = PutObjectInput(
            body: dataStream,
            bucket: bucket,
            key: key
        )

        do {
            _ = try await client.putObject(input: input)
        }
        catch {
            print("ERROR: ", dump(error, name: "Putting an object."))
            throw error
        }
    }

    /// Download the named file to the given directory on the local device.
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - bucket: Name of the bucket that contains the file to be copied.
    ///   - key: The name of the file to copy from the bucket.
    ///   - to: The path of the directory on the local device where you want to
    ///     download the file.
    public func downloadFile(bucket: String, key: String, to: String) async throws {
        let fileUrl = URL(fileURLWithPath: to).appendingPathComponent(key)

        let input = GetObjectInput(
            bucket: bucket,
            key: key
        )
        do {
            let output = try await client.getObject(input: input)

            guard let body = output.body else {
                throw HandlerError.getObjectBody("GetObjectInput missing body.")
            }

            guard let data = try await body.readData() else {
                throw HandlerError.readGetObjectBody("GetObjectInput unable to read data.")
            }

            try data.write(to: fileUrl)
        }
        catch {
            print("ERROR: ", dump(error, name: "Downloading a file."))
            throw error
        }
    }

    /// Read the specified file from the given S3 bucket into a Swift
    /// `Data` object.
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - bucket: Name of the bucket containing the file to read.
    ///   - key: Name of the file within the bucket to read.
    ///
    /// - Returns: A `Data` object containing the complete file data.
    public func readFile(bucket: String, key: String) async throws -> Data {
        let input = GetObjectInput(
            bucket: bucket,
            key: key
        )
        do {
            let output = try await client.getObject(input: input)
            
            guard let body = output.body else {
                throw HandlerError.getObjectBody("GetObjectInput missing body.")
            }

            guard let data = try await body.readData() else {
                throw HandlerError.readGetObjectBody("GetObjectInput unable to read data.")
            }

            return data
        }
        catch {
            print("ERROR: ", dump(error, name: "Reading a file."))
            throw error
        }
   }


    /// Copy a file from one bucket to another.
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - sourceBucket: Name of the bucket containing the source file.
    ///   - name: Name of the source file.
    ///   - destBucket: Name of the bucket to copy the file into.
    public func copyFile(from sourceBucket: String, name: String, to destBucket: String) async throws {
        let srcUrl = ("\(sourceBucket)/\(name)").addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: .urlPathAllowed)

        let input = CopyObjectInput(
            bucket: destBucket,
            copySource: srcUrl,
            key: name
        )
        do {
            _ = try await client.copyObject(input: input)
        }
        catch {
            print("ERROR: ", dump(error, name: "Copying an object."))
            throw error
        }
    }

    /// Deletes the specified file from Amazon S3.
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - bucket: Name of the bucket containing the file to delete.
    ///   - key: Name of the file to delete.
    ///
    public func deleteFile(bucket: String, key: String) async throws {
        let input = DeleteObjectInput(
            bucket: bucket,
            key: key
        )

        do {
            _ = try await client.deleteObject(input: input)
        }
        catch {
            print("ERROR: ", dump(error, name: "Deleting a file."))
            throw error
        }
    }

    /// Returns an array of strings, each naming one file in the
    /// specified bucket.
    ///
    /// - Parameter bucket: Name of the bucket to get a file listing for.
    /// - Returns: An array of `String` objects, each giving the name of
    ///            one file contained in the bucket.
    public func listBucketFiles(bucket: String) async throws -> [String] {
        do {
            let input = ListObjectsV2Input(
                bucket: bucket
            )
            
            // Use "Paginated" to get all the objects.
            // This lets the SDK handle the 'continuationToken' in "ListObjectsV2Output".
            let output = client.listObjectsV2Paginated(input: input)
            var names: [String] = []
            
            for try await page in output {
                guard let objList = page.contents else {
                    print("ERROR: listObjectsV2Paginated returned nil contents.")
                    continue
                }
                
                for obj in objList {
                    if let objName = obj.key {
                        names.append(objName)
                    }
                }
            }
            
            
            return names
        }
        catch {
            print("ERROR: ", dump(error, name: "Listing objects."))
            throw error
        }
    }
}
```

```
import AWSS3

import Foundation
import ServiceHandler
import ArgumentParser

/// The command-line arguments and options available for this
/// example command.
struct ExampleCommand: ParsableCommand {
    @Argument(help: "Name of the S3 bucket to create")
    var bucketName: String

    @Argument(help: "Pathname of the file to upload to the S3 bucket")
    var uploadSource: String

    @Argument(help: "The name (key) to give the file in the S3 bucket")
    var objName: String

    @Argument(help: "S3 bucket to copy the object to")
    var destBucket: String

    @Argument(help: "Directory where you want to download the file from the S3 bucket")
    var downloadDir: String

    static var configuration = CommandConfiguration(
        commandName: "s3-basics",
        abstract: "Demonstrates a series of basic AWS S3 functions.",
        discussion: """
        Performs the following Amazon S3 commands:

        * `CreateBucket`
        * `PutObject`
        * `GetObject`
        * `CopyObject`
        * `ListObjects`
        * `DeleteObjects`
        * `DeleteBucket`
        """
    )

    /// Called by ``main()`` to do the actual running of the AWS
    /// example.
    func runAsync() async throws {
        let serviceHandler = try await ServiceHandler()

        // 1. Create the bucket.
        print("Creating the bucket \(bucketName)...")
        try await serviceHandler.createBucket(name: bucketName)

        // 2. Upload a file to the bucket.
        print("Uploading the file \(uploadSource)...")
        try await serviceHandler.uploadFile(bucket: bucketName, key: objName, file: uploadSource)

        // 3. Download the file.
        print("Downloading the file \(objName) to \(downloadDir)...")
        try await serviceHandler.downloadFile(bucket: bucketName, key: objName, to: downloadDir)

        // 4. Copy the file to another bucket.
        print("Copying the file to the bucket \(destBucket)...")
        try await serviceHandler.copyFile(from: bucketName, name: objName, to: destBucket)

        // 5. List the contents of the bucket.

        print("Getting a list of the files in the bucket \(bucketName)")
        let fileList = try await serviceHandler.listBucketFiles(bucket: bucketName)
        let numFiles = fileList.count
        if numFiles != 0 {
            print("\(numFiles) file\((numFiles > 1) ? "s" : "") in bucket \(bucketName):")
            for name in fileList {
                print("  \(name)")
            }
        } else {
            print("No files found in bucket \(bucketName)")
        }

        // 6. Delete the objects from the bucket.

        print("Deleting the file \(objName) from the bucket \(bucketName)...")
        try await serviceHandler.deleteFile(bucket: bucketName, key: objName)
        print("Deleting the file \(objName) from the bucket \(destBucket)...")
        try await serviceHandler.deleteFile(bucket: destBucket, key: objName)

        // 7. Delete the bucket.
        print("Deleting the bucket \(bucketName)...")
        try await serviceHandler.deleteBucket(name: bucketName)

        print("Done.")
    }
}

//
// Main program entry point.
//
@main
struct Main {
    static func main() async {
        let args = Array(CommandLine.arguments.dropFirst())

        do {
            let command = try ExampleCommand.parse(args)
            try await command.runAsync()
        } catch {
            ExampleCommand.exit(withError: error)
        }
    }    
}
```
+ For API details, see the following topics in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*.
  + [CopyObject](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awss3/latest/documentation/awss3/s3client/copyobject(input:))
  + [CreateBucket](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awss3/latest/documentation/awss3/s3client/createbucket(input:))
  + [DeleteBucket](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awss3/latest/documentation/awss3/s3client/deletebucket(input:))
  + [DeleteObjects](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awss3/latest/documentation/awss3/s3client/deleteobjects(input:))
  + [GetObject](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awss3/latest/documentation/awss3/s3client/getobject(input:))
  + [ListObjectsV2](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awss3/latest/documentation/awss3/s3client/listobjectsv2(input:))
  + [PutObject](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awss3/latest/documentation/awss3/s3client/putobject(input:))

## Actions
Actions

### `CopyObject`
`CopyObject`

The following code example shows how to use `CopyObject`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/s3/basics#code-examples). 

```
import AWSS3

    public func copyFile(from sourceBucket: String, name: String, to destBucket: String) async throws {
        let srcUrl = ("\(sourceBucket)/\(name)").addingPercentEncoding(withAllowedCharacters: .urlPathAllowed)

        let input = CopyObjectInput(
            bucket: destBucket,
            copySource: srcUrl,
            key: name
        )
        do {
            _ = try await client.copyObject(input: input)
        }
        catch {
            print("ERROR: ", dump(error, name: "Copying an object."))
            throw error
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [CopyObject](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awss3/latest/documentation/awss3/s3client/copyobject(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `CreateBucket`
`CreateBucket`

The following code example shows how to use `CreateBucket`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/s3/basics#code-examples). 

```
import AWSS3

    public func createBucket(name: String) async throws {
        var input = CreateBucketInput(
            bucket: name
        )
        
        // For regions other than "us-east-1", you must set the locationConstraint in the createBucketConfiguration.
        // For more information, see LocationConstraint in the S3 API guide.
        // https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/API/API_CreateBucket.html#API_CreateBucket_RequestBody
        if let region = configuration.region {
            if region != "us-east-1" {
                input.createBucketConfiguration = S3ClientTypes.CreateBucketConfiguration(locationConstraint: S3ClientTypes.BucketLocationConstraint(rawValue: region))
            }
        }

        do {
            _ = try await client.createBucket(input: input)
        }
        catch let error as BucketAlreadyOwnedByYou {
            print("The bucket '\(name)' already exists and is owned by you. You may wish to ignore this exception.")
            throw error
        }
        catch {
            print("ERROR: ", dump(error, name: "Creating a bucket"))
            throw error
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [CreateBucket](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awss3/latest/documentation/awss3/s3client/createbucket(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `DeleteBucket`
`DeleteBucket`

The following code example shows how to use `DeleteBucket`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/s3/basics#code-examples). 

```
import AWSS3

    public func deleteBucket(name: String) async throws {
        let input = DeleteBucketInput(
            bucket: name
        )
        do {
            _ = try await client.deleteBucket(input: input)
        }
        catch {
            print("ERROR: ", dump(error, name: "Deleting a bucket"))
            throw error
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [DeleteBucket](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awss3/latest/documentation/awss3/s3client/deletebucket(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `DeleteObject`
`DeleteObject`

The following code example shows how to use `DeleteObject`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/s3/basics#code-examples). 

```
import AWSS3

    public func deleteFile(bucket: String, key: String) async throws {
        let input = DeleteObjectInput(
            bucket: bucket,
            key: key
        )

        do {
            _ = try await client.deleteObject(input: input)
        }
        catch {
            print("ERROR: ", dump(error, name: "Deleting a file."))
            throw error
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [DeleteObject](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awss3/latest/documentation/awss3/s3client/deleteobject(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `DeleteObjects`
`DeleteObjects`

The following code example shows how to use `DeleteObjects`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/s3/DeleteObjects#code-examples). 

```
import AWSS3

    public func deleteObjects(bucket: String, keys: [String]) async throws {
        let input = DeleteObjectsInput(
            bucket: bucket,
            delete: S3ClientTypes.Delete(
                objects: keys.map { S3ClientTypes.ObjectIdentifier(key: $0) },
                quiet: true
            )
        )

        do {
            _ = try await client.deleteObjects(input: input)
        } catch {
            print("ERROR: deleteObjects:", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [DeleteObjects](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awss3/latest/documentation/awss3/s3client/deleteobjects(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `GetObject`
`GetObject`

The following code example shows how to use `GetObject`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/s3/basics#code-examples). 

```
import AWSS3

    public func downloadFile(bucket: String, key: String, to: String) async throws {
        let fileUrl = URL(fileURLWithPath: to).appendingPathComponent(key)

        let input = GetObjectInput(
            bucket: bucket,
            key: key
        )
        do {
            let output = try await client.getObject(input: input)

            guard let body = output.body else {
                throw HandlerError.getObjectBody("GetObjectInput missing body.")
            }

            guard let data = try await body.readData() else {
                throw HandlerError.readGetObjectBody("GetObjectInput unable to read data.")
            }

            try data.write(to: fileUrl)
        }
        catch {
            print("ERROR: ", dump(error, name: "Downloading a file."))
            throw error
        }
    }
```

```
import AWSS3

    public func readFile(bucket: String, key: String) async throws -> Data {
        let input = GetObjectInput(
            bucket: bucket,
            key: key
        )
        do {
            let output = try await client.getObject(input: input)
            
            guard let body = output.body else {
                throw HandlerError.getObjectBody("GetObjectInput missing body.")
            }

            guard let data = try await body.readData() else {
                throw HandlerError.readGetObjectBody("GetObjectInput unable to read data.")
            }

            return data
        }
        catch {
            print("ERROR: ", dump(error, name: "Reading a file."))
            throw error
        }
   }
```
+  For API details, see [GetObject](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awss3/latest/documentation/awss3/s3client/getobject(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `ListBuckets`
`ListBuckets`

The following code example shows how to use `ListBuckets`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/s3#code-examples). 

```
import AWSS3

    /// Return an array containing information about every available bucket.
    ///
    /// - Returns: An array of ``S3ClientTypes.Bucket`` objects describing
    ///   each bucket.
    public func getAllBuckets() async throws -> [S3ClientTypes.Bucket] {
        return try await client.listBuckets(input: ListBucketsInput())
    }
```
+  For API details, see [ListBuckets](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awss3/latest/documentation/awss3/s3client/listbuckets(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `ListObjectsV2`
`ListObjectsV2`

The following code example shows how to use `ListObjectsV2`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/s3/basics#code-examples). 

```
import AWSS3

    public func listBucketFiles(bucket: String) async throws -> [String] {
        do {
            let input = ListObjectsV2Input(
                bucket: bucket
            )
            
            // Use "Paginated" to get all the objects.
            // This lets the SDK handle the 'continuationToken' in "ListObjectsV2Output".
            let output = client.listObjectsV2Paginated(input: input)
            var names: [String] = []
            
            for try await page in output {
                guard let objList = page.contents else {
                    print("ERROR: listObjectsV2Paginated returned nil contents.")
                    continue
                }
                
                for obj in objList {
                    if let objName = obj.key {
                        names.append(objName)
                    }
                }
            }
            
            
            return names
        }
        catch {
            print("ERROR: ", dump(error, name: "Listing objects."))
            throw error
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [ListObjectsV2](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awss3/latest/documentation/awss3/s3client/listobjectsv2(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `PutObject`
`PutObject`

The following code example shows how to use `PutObject`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/s3/basics#code-examples). 

```
import AWSS3
import Smithy

    public func uploadFile(bucket: String, key: String, file: String) async throws {
        let fileUrl = URL(fileURLWithPath: file)
        do {
            let fileData = try Data(contentsOf: fileUrl)
            let dataStream = ByteStream.data(fileData)

            let input = PutObjectInput(
                body: dataStream,
                bucket: bucket,
                key: key
            )

            _ = try await client.putObject(input: input)
        }
        catch {
            print("ERROR: ", dump(error, name: "Putting an object."))
            throw error
        }
    }
```

```
import AWSS3
import Smithy

    public func createFile(bucket: String, key: String, withData data: Data) async throws {
        let dataStream = ByteStream.data(data)

        let input = PutObjectInput(
            body: dataStream,
            bucket: bucket,
            key: key
        )

        do {
            _ = try await client.putObject(input: input)
        }
        catch {
            print("ERROR: ", dump(error, name: "Putting an object."))
            throw error
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [PutObject](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awss3/latest/documentation/awss3/s3client/putobject(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

## Scenarios
Scenarios

### Download stream of unknown size
Download stream of unknown size

The following code example shows how to download a stream of unknown size from an Amazon S3 object.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/s3/binary-streaming#code-examples). 

```
import ArgumentParser
import AWSClientRuntime
import AWSS3
import Foundation
import Smithy
import SmithyHTTPAPI
import SmithyStreams


    /// Download a file from the specified bucket.
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - bucket: The Amazon S3 bucket name to get the file from.
    ///   - key: The name (or path) of the file to download from the bucket.
    ///   - destPath: The pathname on the local filesystem at which to store
    ///     the downloaded file.
    func downloadFile(bucket: String, key: String, destPath: String?) async throws {
        let fileURL: URL

        // If no destination path was provided, use the key as the name to use
        // for the file in the downloads folder.
        
        if destPath == nil {
            do {
                try fileURL = FileManager.default.url(
                    for: .downloadsDirectory,
                    in: .userDomainMask,
                    appropriateFor: URL(string: key),
                    create: true
                ).appendingPathComponent(key)
            } catch {
                throw TransferError.directoryError
            }
        } else {
            fileURL = URL(fileURLWithPath: destPath!)
        }
                
        let config = try await S3Client.S3ClientConfiguration(region: region)
        let s3Client = S3Client(config: config)

        // Create a `FileHandle` referencing the local destination. Then
        // create a `ByteStream` from that.

        FileManager.default.createFile(atPath: fileURL.path, contents: nil, attributes: nil)
        let fileHandle = try FileHandle(forWritingTo: fileURL)

        // Download the file using `GetObject`.
        
        let getInput = GetObjectInput(
            bucket: bucket,
            key: key
        )

        do {
            let getOutput = try await s3Client.getObject(input: getInput)

            guard let body = getOutput.body else {
                throw TransferError.downloadError("Error: No data returned for download")
            }

            // If the body is returned as a `Data` object, write that to the
            // file. If it's a stream, read the stream chunk by chunk,
            // appending each chunk to the destination file.

            switch body {
            case .data:
                guard let data = try await body.readData() else {
                    throw TransferError.downloadError("Download error")
                }

                // Write the `Data` to the file.

                do {
                    try data.write(to: fileURL)
                } catch {
                    throw TransferError.writeError
                }
                break

            case .stream(let stream as ReadableStream):
                while (true) {
                    let chunk = try await stream.readAsync(upToCount: 5 * 1024 * 1024)
                    guard let chunk = chunk else {
                        break
                    }

                    // Write the chunk to the destination file.

                    do {
                        try fileHandle.write(contentsOf: chunk)
                    } catch {
                        throw TransferError.writeError
                    }
                }

                break
            default:
                throw TransferError.downloadError("Received data is unknown object type")
            }
        } catch {
            throw TransferError.downloadError("Error downloading the file: \(error)")
        }

        print("File downloaded to \(fileURL.path).")
    }
```

### Upload stream of unknown size
Upload stream of unknown size

The following code example shows how to upload a stream of unknown size to an Amazon S3 object.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/s3/binary-streaming#code-examples). 

```
import ArgumentParser
import AWSClientRuntime
import AWSS3
import Foundation
import Smithy
import SmithyHTTPAPI
import SmithyStreams


    /// Upload a file to the specified bucket.
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - bucket: The Amazon S3 bucket name to store the file into.
    ///   - key: The name (or path) of the file to upload to in the `bucket`.
    ///   - sourcePath: The pathname on the local filesystem of the file to
    ///     upload.
    func uploadFile(sourcePath: String, bucket: String, key: String?) async throws {
        let fileURL: URL = URL(fileURLWithPath: sourcePath)
        let fileName: String

        // If no key was provided, use the last component of the filename.
        
        if key == nil {
            fileName = fileURL.lastPathComponent
        } else {
            fileName = key!
        }
                
        let s3Client = try await S3Client()

        // Create a FileHandle for the source file.

        let fileHandle = FileHandle(forReadingAtPath: sourcePath)
        guard let fileHandle = fileHandle else {
            throw TransferError.readError
        }

        // Create a byte stream to retrieve the file's contents. This uses the
        // Smithy FileStream and ByteStream types.

        let stream = FileStream(fileHandle: fileHandle)
        let body = ByteStream.stream(stream)

        // Create a `PutObjectInput` with the ByteStream as the body of the
        // request's data. The AWS SDK for Swift will handle sending the
        // entire file in chunks, regardless of its size.
        
        let putInput = PutObjectInput(
            body: body,
            bucket: bucket,
            key: fileName
        )

        do {
            _ = try await s3Client.putObject(input: putInput)
        } catch {
            throw TransferError.uploadError("Error uploading the file: \(error)")
        }

        print("File uploaded to \(fileURL.path).")
    }
```

# Amazon SNS examples using SDK for Swift
Amazon SNS

The following code examples show you how to perform actions and implement common scenarios by using the AWS SDK for Swift with Amazon SNS.

*Actions* are code excerpts from larger programs and must be run in context. While actions show you how to call individual service functions, you can see actions in context in their related scenarios.

*Scenarios* are code examples that show you how to accomplish specific tasks by calling multiple functions within a service or combined with other AWS services.

Each example includes a link to the complete source code, where you can find instructions on how to set up and run the code in context.

**Topics**
+ [Get started](#get_started)
+ [Actions](#actions)
+ [Scenarios](#scenarios)

## Get started
Get started

### Hello Amazon SNS
Hello Amazon SNS

The following code example shows how to get started using Amazon SNS.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/sns/basics#code-examples). 
The Package.swift file.  

```
import PackageDescription

let package = Package(
    name: "sns-basics",
    // Let Xcode know the minimum Apple platforms supported.
    platforms: [
        .macOS(.v13),
        .iOS(.v15)
    ],
    dependencies: [
        // Dependencies declare other packages that this package depends on.
        .package(
            url: "https://github.com/awslabs/aws-sdk-swift",
            from: "1.0.0"),
        .package(
            url: "https://github.com/apple/swift-argument-parser.git",
            branch: "main"
        )
    ],
    targets: [
        // Targets are the basic building blocks of a package, defining a module or a test suite.
        // Targets can depend on other targets in this package and products
        // from dependencies.
        .executableTarget(
            name: "sns-basics",
            dependencies: [
                .product(name: "AWSSNS", package: "aws-sdk-swift"),
                .product(name: "ArgumentParser", package: "swift-argument-parser")
            ],
            path: "Sources")

    ]
)
```
The main Swift program.  

```
import ArgumentParser
import AWSClientRuntime
import AWSSNS
import Foundation

struct ExampleCommand: ParsableCommand {
    @Option(help: "Name of the Amazon Region to use (default: us-east-1)")
    var region = "us-east-1"

    static var configuration = CommandConfiguration(
        commandName: "sns-basics",
        abstract: """
        This example shows how to list all of your available Amazon SNS topics.
        """,
        discussion: """
        """
    )
    
    /// Called by ``main()`` to run the bulk of the example.
    func runAsync() async throws {
        let config = try await SNSClient.SNSClientConfiguration(region: region)
        let snsClient = SNSClient(config: config)

        var topics: [String] = []
        let outputPages = snsClient.listTopicsPaginated(
            input: ListTopicsInput()
        )

        // Each time a page of results arrives, process its contents.

        for try await output in outputPages {
            guard let topicList = output.topics else {
                print("Unable to get a page of Amazon SNS topics.")
                return
            }

            // Iterate over the topics listed on this page, adding their ARNs
            // to the `topics` array.

            for topic in topicList {
                guard let arn = topic.topicArn else {
                    print("Topic has no ARN.")
                    return
                }
                topics.append(arn)
            }
        }

        print("You have \(topics.count) topics:")
        for topic in topics {
            print("   \(topic)")
        }
    }
}

/// The program's asynchronous entry point.
@main
struct Main {
    static func main() async {
        let args = Array(CommandLine.arguments.dropFirst())

        do {
            let command = try ExampleCommand.parse(args)
            try await command.runAsync()
        } catch {
            ExampleCommand.exit(withError: error)
        }
    }    
}
```
+  For API details, see [ListTopics](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awssns/latest/documentation/awssns/snsclient/listtopics(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

## Actions
Actions

### `CreateTopic`
`CreateTopic`

The following code example shows how to use `CreateTopic`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/sns#code-examples). 

```
import AWSSNS

        let config = try await SNSClient.SNSClientConfiguration(region: region)
        let snsClient = SNSClient(config: config)

        let output = try await snsClient.createTopic(
            input: CreateTopicInput(name: name)
        )

        guard let arn = output.topicArn else {
            print("No topic ARN returned by Amazon SNS.")
            return
        }
```
+  For API details, see [CreateTopic](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awssns/latest/documentation/awssns/snsclient/createtopic(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `DeleteTopic`
`DeleteTopic`

The following code example shows how to use `DeleteTopic`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/sns#code-examples). 

```
import AWSSNS

        let config = try await SNSClient.SNSClientConfiguration(region: region)
        let snsClient = SNSClient(config: config)

        _ = try await snsClient.deleteTopic(
            input: DeleteTopicInput(topicArn: arn)
        )
```
+  For API details, see [DeleteTopic](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awssns/latest/documentation/awssns/snsclient/deletetopic(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `ListTopics`
`ListTopics`

The following code example shows how to use `ListTopics`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/sns/basics#code-examples). 

```
import AWSSNS

        let config = try await SNSClient.SNSClientConfiguration(region: region)
        let snsClient = SNSClient(config: config)

        var topics: [String] = []
        let outputPages = snsClient.listTopicsPaginated(
            input: ListTopicsInput()
        )

        // Each time a page of results arrives, process its contents.

        for try await output in outputPages {
            guard let topicList = output.topics else {
                print("Unable to get a page of Amazon SNS topics.")
                return
            }

            // Iterate over the topics listed on this page, adding their ARNs
            // to the `topics` array.

            for topic in topicList {
                guard let arn = topic.topicArn else {
                    print("Topic has no ARN.")
                    return
                }
                topics.append(arn)
            }
        }
```
+  For API details, see [ListTopics](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awssns/latest/documentation/awssns/snsclient/listtopics(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `Publish`
`Publish`

The following code example shows how to use `Publish`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/sns#code-examples). 

```
import AWSSNS

        let config = try await SNSClient.SNSClientConfiguration(region: region)
        let snsClient = SNSClient(config: config)

        let output = try await snsClient.publish(
            input: PublishInput(
                message: message,
                topicArn: arn
            )
        )

        guard let messageId = output.messageId else {
            print("No message ID received from Amazon SNS.")
            return
        }
        
        print("Published message with ID \(messageId)")
```
+  For API details, see [Publish](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awssns/latest/documentation/awssns/snsclient/publish(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `Subscribe`
`Subscribe`

The following code example shows how to use `Subscribe`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/sns#code-examples). 
Subscribe an email address to a topic.  

```
import AWSSNS

        let config = try await SNSClient.SNSClientConfiguration(region: region)
        let snsClient = SNSClient(config: config)

        let output = try await snsClient.subscribe(
            input: SubscribeInput(
                endpoint: email,
                protocol: "email",
                returnSubscriptionArn: true,
                topicArn: arn
            )
        )

        guard let subscriptionArn = output.subscriptionArn else {
            print("No subscription ARN received from Amazon SNS.")
            return
        }
        
        print("Subscription \(subscriptionArn) created.")
```
Subscribe a phone number to a topic to receive notifications by SMS.  

```
import AWSSNS

        let config = try await SNSClient.SNSClientConfiguration(region: region)
        let snsClient = SNSClient(config: config)

        let output = try await snsClient.subscribe(
            input: SubscribeInput(
                endpoint: phone,
                protocol: "sms",
                returnSubscriptionArn: true,
                topicArn: arn
            )
        )

        guard let subscriptionArn = output.subscriptionArn else {
            print("No subscription ARN received from Amazon SNS.")
            return
        }
        
        print("Subscription \(subscriptionArn) created.")
```
+  For API details, see [Subscribe](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awssns/latest/documentation/awssns/snsclient/subscribe(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `Unsubscribe`
`Unsubscribe`

The following code example shows how to use `Unsubscribe`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/sns#code-examples). 

```
import AWSSNS

        let config = try await SNSClient.SNSClientConfiguration(region: region)
        let snsClient = SNSClient(config: config)

        _ = try await snsClient.unsubscribe(
            input: UnsubscribeInput(
                subscriptionArn: arn
            )
        )

        print("Unsubscribed.")
```
+  For API details, see [Unsubscribe](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awssns/latest/documentation/awssns/snsclient/unsubscribe(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

## Scenarios
Scenarios

### Publish messages to queues
Publish messages to queues

The following code example shows how to:
+ Create topic (FIFO or non-FIFO).
+ Subscribe several queues to the topic with an option to apply a filter.
+ Publish messages to the topic.
+ Poll the queues for messages received.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/sqs/scenario#code-examples). 

```
import ArgumentParser
import AWSClientRuntime
import AWSSNS
import AWSSQS
import Foundation

struct ExampleCommand: ParsableCommand {
    @Option(help: "Name of the Amazon Region to use")
    var region = "us-east-1"

    static var configuration = CommandConfiguration(
        commandName: "queue-scenario",
        abstract: """
        This example interactively demonstrates how to use Amazon Simple
        Notification Service (Amazon SNS) and Amazon Simple Queue Service
        (Amazon SQS) together to publish and receive messages using queues.
        """,
        discussion: """
        Supports filtering using a "tone" attribute.
        """
    )

    /// Prompt for an input string. Only non-empty strings are allowed.
    /// 
    /// - Parameter prompt: The prompt to display.
    ///
    /// - Returns: The string input by the user.
    func stringRequest(prompt: String) -> String {
        var str: String?

        while str == nil {
            print(prompt, terminator: "")
            str = readLine()

            if str != nil && str?.count == 0 {
                str = nil
            }
        }

        return str!
    }

    /// Ask a yes/no question.
    /// 
    /// - Parameter prompt: A prompt string to print.
    ///
    /// - Returns: `true` if the user answered "Y", otherwise `false`.
    func yesNoRequest(prompt: String) -> Bool {
        while true {
            let answer = stringRequest(prompt: prompt).lowercased()
            if answer == "y" || answer == "n" {
                return answer == "y"
            }
        }
    }

    /// Display a menu of options then request a selection.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - prompt: A prompt string to display before the menu.
    ///   - options: An array of strings giving the menu options.
    ///
    /// - Returns: The index number of the selected option or 0 if no item was
    ///   selected.
    func menuRequest(prompt: String, options: [String]) -> Int {
        let numOptions = options.count

        if numOptions == 0 {
            return 0
        }

        print(prompt)

        for (index, value) in options.enumerated() {
            print("(\(index)) \(value)")
        }

        repeat {
            print("Enter your selection (0 - \(numOptions-1)): ", terminator: "")
            if let answer = readLine() {
                guard let answer = Int(answer) else {
                    print("Please enter the number matching your selection.")
                    continue
                }

                if answer >= 0 && answer < numOptions {
                    return answer
                } else {
                    print("Please enter the number matching your selection.")
                }
            }
        } while true
    }
    
    /// Ask the user too press RETURN. Accepts any input but ignores it.
    /// 
    /// - Parameter prompt: The text prompt to display.
    func returnRequest(prompt: String) {
        print(prompt, terminator: "")
        _ = readLine()
    }

    var attrValues = [
        "<none>",
        "cheerful",
        "funny",
        "serious",
        "sincere"
    ]

    /// Ask the user to choose one of the attribute values to use as a filter.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - message: A message to display before the menu of values.
    ///   - attrValues: An array of strings giving the values to choose from.
    /// 
    /// - Returns: The string corresponding to the selected option.
    func askForFilter(message: String, attrValues: [String]) -> String? {
        print(message)
        for (index, value) in attrValues.enumerated() {
            print("  [\(index)] \(value)")
        }

        var answer: Int?
        repeat {
            answer = Int(stringRequest(prompt: "Select an value for the 'tone' attribute or 0 to end: "))
        } while answer == nil || answer! < 0 || answer! > attrValues.count + 1

        if answer == 0 {
            return nil
        }
        return attrValues[answer!]
    }

    /// Prompts the user for filter terms and constructs the attribute
    /// record that specifies them.
    /// 
    /// - Returns: A mapping of "FilterPolicy" to a JSON string representing
    ///   the user-defined filter.
    func buildFilterAttributes() -> [String:String] {
        var attr: [String:String] = [:]
        var filterString = ""

        var first = true

        while let ans = askForFilter(message: "Choose a value to apply to the 'tone' attribute.",
                                    attrValues: attrValues) {
            if !first {
                filterString += ","
            }
            first = false

            filterString += "\"\(ans)\""
        }

        let filterJSON = "{ \"tone\": [\(filterString)]}"
        attr["FilterPolicy"] = filterJSON

        return attr
    }
    /// Create a queue, returning its URL string.
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - prompt: A prompt to ask for the queue name.
    ///   - isFIFO: Whether or not to create a FIFO queue.
    ///
    /// - Returns: The URL of the queue.
    func createQueue(prompt: String, sqsClient: SQSClient, isFIFO: Bool) async throws -> String? {
        repeat {
            var queueName = stringRequest(prompt: prompt)
            var attributes: [String: String] = [:]

            if isFIFO {
                queueName += ".fifo"
                attributes["FifoQueue"] = "true"
            }

            do {
                let output = try await sqsClient.createQueue(
                    input: CreateQueueInput(
                        attributes: attributes,
                        queueName: queueName
                    )
                )
                guard let url = output.queueUrl else {
                    return nil
                }

                return url
            } catch _ as QueueDeletedRecently {
                print("You need to use a different queue name. A queue by that name was recently deleted.")
                continue
            }
        } while true
    }

    /// Return the ARN of a queue given its URL.
    ///
    /// - Parameter queueUrl: The URL of the queue for which to return the
    ///   ARN.
    ///
    /// - Returns: The ARN of the specified queue.
    func getQueueARN(sqsClient: SQSClient, queueUrl: String) async throws -> String? {
        let output = try await sqsClient.getQueueAttributes(
            input: GetQueueAttributesInput(
                attributeNames: [.queuearn],
                queueUrl: queueUrl
            )
        )

        guard let attributes = output.attributes else {
            return nil
        }
        
        return attributes["QueueArn"]
    }

    /// Applies the needed policy to the specified queue.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - sqsClient: The Amazon SQS client to use.
    ///   - queueUrl: The queue to apply the policy to.
    ///   - queueArn: The ARN of the queue to apply the policy to.
    ///   - topicArn: The topic that should have access via the policy.
    ///
    /// - Throws: Errors from the SQS `SetQueueAttributes` action.
    func setQueuePolicy(sqsClient: SQSClient, queueUrl: String,
                        queueArn: String, topicArn: String) async throws {
        _ = try await sqsClient.setQueueAttributes(
            input: SetQueueAttributesInput(
                attributes: [
                    "Policy":
                        """
                        {
                            "Statement": [
                                {
                                    "Effect": "Allow",
                                    "Principal": {
                                        "Service": "sns.amazonaws.com"
                                    },
                                    "Action": "sqs:SendMessage",
                                    "Resource": "\(queueArn)",
                                    "Condition": {
                                        "ArnEquals": {
                                            "aws:SourceArn": "\(topicArn)"
                                        }
                                    }
                                }
                            ]
                        }
                        """

                ],
                queueUrl: queueUrl
            )
        )
    }

    /// Receive the available messages on a queue, outputting them to the
    /// screen. Returns a dictionary you pass to DeleteMessageBatch to delete
    /// all the received messages.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - sqsClient: The Amazon SQS client to use.
    ///   - queueUrl: The SQS queue on which to receive messages.
    /// 
    /// - Throws: Errors from `SQSClient.receiveMessage()`
    ///
    /// - Returns: An array of SQSClientTypes.DeleteMessageBatchRequestEntry
    ///   items, each describing one received message in the format needed to
    ///   delete it.
    func receiveAndListMessages(sqsClient: SQSClient, queueUrl: String) async throws
                                -> [SQSClientTypes.DeleteMessageBatchRequestEntry] {
        let output = try await sqsClient.receiveMessage(
            input: ReceiveMessageInput(
                maxNumberOfMessages: 10,
                queueUrl: queueUrl
            )
        )

        guard let messages = output.messages else {
            print("No messages received.")
            return []
        }

        var deleteList: [SQSClientTypes.DeleteMessageBatchRequestEntry] = []

        // Print out all the messages that were received, including their
        // attributes, if any.

        for message in messages {
            print("Message ID:     \(message.messageId ?? "<unknown>")")
            print("Receipt handle: \(message.receiptHandle ?? "<unknown>")")
            print("Message JSON:   \(message.body ?? "<body missing>")")
            
            if message.receiptHandle != nil {
                deleteList.append(
                    SQSClientTypes.DeleteMessageBatchRequestEntry(
                        id: message.messageId,
                        receiptHandle: message.receiptHandle
                    )
                )
            }
        }

        return deleteList
    }

    /// Delete all the messages in the specified list.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - sqsClient: The Amazon SQS client to use.
    ///   - queueUrl: The SQS queue to delete messages from.
    ///   - deleteList: A list of `DeleteMessageBatchRequestEntry` objects
    ///     describing the messages to delete.
    ///
    /// - Throws: Errors from `SQSClient.deleteMessageBatch()`.
    func deleteMessageList(sqsClient: SQSClient, queueUrl: String,
                           deleteList: [SQSClientTypes.DeleteMessageBatchRequestEntry]) async throws {
        let output = try await sqsClient.deleteMessageBatch(
            input: DeleteMessageBatchInput(entries: deleteList, queueUrl: queueUrl)
        )

        if let failed = output.failed {
            print("\(failed.count) errors occurred deleting messages from the queue.")
            for message in failed {
                print("---> Failed to delete message \(message.id ?? "<unknown ID>") with error: \(message.code ?? "<unknown>") (\(message.message ?? "..."))")
            }
        }
    }

    /// Called by ``main()`` to run the bulk of the example.
    func runAsync() async throws {
        let rowOfStars = String(repeating: "*", count: 75)

        print("""
              \(rowOfStars)
              Welcome to the cross-service messaging with topics and queues example.
              In this workflow, you'll create an SNS topic, then create two SQS
              queues which will be subscribed to that topic.

              You can specify several options for configuring the topic, as well as
              the queue subscriptions. You can then post messages to the topic and
              receive the results on the queues.
              \(rowOfStars)\n
              """
        )

        // 0. Create SNS and SQS clients.

        let snsConfig = try await SNSClient.SNSClientConfiguration(region: region)
        let snsClient = SNSClient(config: snsConfig)

        let sqsConfig = try await SQSClient.SQSClientConfiguration(region: region)
        let sqsClient = SQSClient(config: sqsConfig)

        // 1. Ask the user whether to create a FIFO topic. If so, ask whether
        //    to use content-based deduplication instead of requiring a
        //    deduplication ID.

        let isFIFO = yesNoRequest(prompt: "Do you want to create a FIFO topic (Y/N)? ")
        var isContentBasedDeduplication = false

        if isFIFO {
            print("""
                  \(rowOfStars)
                  Because you've chosen to create a FIFO topic, deduplication is
                  supported.

                  Deduplication IDs are either set in the message or are automatically
                  generated from the content using a hash function.

                  If a message is successfully published to an SNS FIFO topic, any
                  message published and found to have the same deduplication ID
                  (within a five-minute deduplication interval), is accepted but
                  not delivered.

                  For more information about deduplication, see:
                  https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sns/latest/dg/fifo-message-dedup.html.
                  """
            )

            isContentBasedDeduplication = yesNoRequest(
                prompt: "Use content-based deduplication instead of entering a deduplication ID (Y/N)? ")
            print(rowOfStars)
        }

        var topicName = stringRequest(prompt: "Enter the name of the topic to create: ")
        
        // 2. Create the topic. Append ".fifo" to the name if FIFO was
        //    requested, and set the "FifoTopic" attribute to "true" if so as
        //    well. Set the "ContentBasedDeduplication" attribute to "true" if
        //    content-based deduplication was requested.

        if isFIFO {
            topicName += ".fifo"
        }

        print("Topic name: \(topicName)")

        var attributes = [
            "FifoTopic": (isFIFO ? "true" : "false")
        ]

        // If it's a FIFO topic with content-based deduplication, set the
        // "ContentBasedDeduplication" attribute.

        if isContentBasedDeduplication {
            attributes["ContentBasedDeduplication"] = "true"
        }

        // Create the topic and retrieve the ARN.

        let output = try await snsClient.createTopic(
            input: CreateTopicInput(
                attributes: attributes,
                name: topicName
            )
        )

        guard let topicArn = output.topicArn else {
            print("No topic ARN returned!")
            return
        }

        print("""
              Topic '\(topicName) has been created with the
              topic ARN \(topicArn)."
              """
        )
        
        print(rowOfStars)

        // 3. Create an SQS queue. Append ".fifo" to the name if one of the
        //    FIFO topic configurations was chosen, and set "FifoQueue" to
        //    "true" if the topic is FIFO.

        print("""
              Next, you will create two SQS queues that will be subscribed
              to the topic you just created.\n
              """
        )

        let q1Url = try await createQueue(prompt: "Enter the name of the first queue: ",
                                          sqsClient: sqsClient, isFIFO: isFIFO)
        guard let q1Url else {
            print("Unable to create queue 1!")
            return
        }
        
        // 4. Get the SQS queue's ARN attribute using `GetQueueAttributes`.

        let q1Arn = try await getQueueARN(sqsClient: sqsClient, queueUrl: q1Url)

        guard let q1Arn else {
            print("Unable to get ARN of queue 1!")
            return
        }
        print("Got queue 1 ARN: \(q1Arn)")

        // 5. Attach an AWS IAM policy to the queue using
        //    `SetQueueAttributes`.

        try await setQueuePolicy(sqsClient: sqsClient, queueUrl: q1Url,
                                 queueArn: q1Arn, topicArn: topicArn)

        // 6. Subscribe the SQS queue to the SNS topic. Set the topic ARN in
        //    the request. Set the protocol to "sqs". Set the queue ARN to the
        //    ARN just received in step 5. For FIFO topics, give the option to
        //    apply a filter. A filter allows only matching messages to enter
        //    the queue.

        var q1Attributes: [String:String]? = nil

        if isFIFO {
            print(
                """

                If you add a filter to this subscription, then only the filtered messages will
                be received in the queue. For information about message filtering, see
                https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sns/latest/dg/sns-message-filtering.html
                For this example, you can filter messages by a 'tone' attribute.

                """
            )

            let subPrompt = """
                Would you like to filter messages for the first queue's subscription to the
                topic \(topicName) (Y/N)? 
                """
            if (yesNoRequest(prompt: subPrompt)) {
                q1Attributes = buildFilterAttributes()
            }
        }

        let sub1Output = try await snsClient.subscribe(
            input: SubscribeInput(
                attributes: q1Attributes,
                endpoint: q1Arn,
                protocol: "sqs",
                topicArn: topicArn
            )
        )

        guard let q1SubscriptionArn = sub1Output.subscriptionArn else {
            print("Invalid subscription ARN returned for queue 1!")
            return
        }

        // 7. Repeat steps 3-6 for the second queue.

        let q2Url = try await createQueue(prompt: "Enter the name of the second queue: ",
                                sqsClient: sqsClient, isFIFO: isFIFO)
    
        guard let q2Url else {
            print("Unable to create queue 2!")
            return
        }

        let q2Arn = try await getQueueARN(sqsClient: sqsClient, queueUrl: q2Url)

        guard let q2Arn else {
            print("Unable to get ARN of queue 2!")
            return
        }
        print("Got queue 2 ARN: \(q2Arn)")

        try await setQueuePolicy(sqsClient: sqsClient, queueUrl: q2Url,
                                 queueArn: q2Arn, topicArn: topicArn)

        var q2Attributes: [String:String]? = nil

        if isFIFO {
            let subPrompt = """
                Would you like to filter messages for the second queue's subscription to the
                topic \(topicName) (Y/N)? 
                """
            if (yesNoRequest(prompt: subPrompt)) {
                q2Attributes = buildFilterAttributes()
            }
        }

        let sub2Output = try await snsClient.subscribe(
            input: SubscribeInput(
                attributes: q2Attributes,
                endpoint: q2Arn,
                protocol: "sqs",
                topicArn: topicArn
            )
        )

        guard let q2SubscriptionArn = sub2Output.subscriptionArn else {
            print("Invalid subscription ARN returned for queue 1!")
            return
        }

        // 8. Let the user publish messages to the topic, asking for a message
        //    body for each message. Handle the types of topic correctly (SEE
        //    MVP INFORMATION AND FIX THESE COMMENTS!!!

        print("\n\(rowOfStars)\n")

        var first = true

        repeat {
            var publishInput = PublishInput(
                topicArn: topicArn
            )

            publishInput.message = stringRequest(prompt: "Enter message text to publish: ")

            // If using a FIFO topic, a message group ID must be set on the
            // message.

            if isFIFO {
                if first {
                    print("""
                        Because you're using a FIFO topic, you must set a message
                        group ID. All messages within the same group will be
                        received in the same order in which they were published.\n
                        """
                    )
                }
                publishInput.messageGroupId = stringRequest(prompt: "Enter a message group ID for this message: ")

                if !isContentBasedDeduplication {
                    if first {
                        print("""
                              Because you're not using content-based deduplication, you
                              must enter a deduplication ID. If other messages with the
                              same deduplication ID are published within the same
                              deduplication interval, they will not be delivered.
                              """
                        )
                    }
                    publishInput.messageDeduplicationId = stringRequest(prompt: "Enter a deduplication ID for this message: ")
                }
            }

            // Allow the user to add a value for the "tone" attribute if they
            // wish to do so.

            var messageAttributes: [String:SNSClientTypes.MessageAttributeValue] = [:]
            let attrValSelection = menuRequest(prompt: "Choose a tone to apply to this message.", options: attrValues)

            if attrValSelection != 0 {
                let val = SNSClientTypes.MessageAttributeValue(dataType: "String", stringValue: attrValues[attrValSelection])
                messageAttributes["tone"] = val
            }

            publishInput.messageAttributes = messageAttributes
            
            // Publish the message and display its ID.

            let publishOutput = try await snsClient.publish(input: publishInput)

            guard let messageID = publishOutput.messageId else {
                print("Unable to get the published message's ID!")
                return
            }

            print("Message published with ID \(messageID).")
            first = false

            // 9. Repeat step 8 until the user says they don't want to post
            //    another.
        
        } while (yesNoRequest(prompt: "Post another message (Y/N)? "))

        // 10. Display a list of the messages in each queue by using
        //     `ReceiveMessage`. Show at least the body and the attributes.

        print(rowOfStars)
        print("Contents of queue 1:")
        let q1DeleteList = try await receiveAndListMessages(sqsClient: sqsClient, queueUrl: q1Url)
        print("\n\nContents of queue 2:")
        let q2DeleteList = try await receiveAndListMessages(sqsClient: sqsClient, queueUrl: q2Url)
        print(rowOfStars)

        returnRequest(prompt: "\nPress return to clean up: ")

        // 11. Delete the received messages using `DeleteMessageBatch`.

        print("Deleting the messages from queue 1...")
        try await deleteMessageList(sqsClient: sqsClient, queueUrl: q1Url, deleteList: q1DeleteList)
        print("\nDeleting the messages from queue 2...")
        try await deleteMessageList(sqsClient: sqsClient, queueUrl: q2Url, deleteList: q2DeleteList)

        // 12. Unsubscribe and delete both queues.

        print("\nUnsubscribing from queue 1...")
        _ = try await snsClient.unsubscribe(
            input: UnsubscribeInput(subscriptionArn: q1SubscriptionArn)
        )

        print("Unsubscribing from queue 2...")
        _ = try await snsClient.unsubscribe(
            input: UnsubscribeInput(subscriptionArn: q2SubscriptionArn)
        )

        print("Deleting queue 1...")
        _ = try await sqsClient.deleteQueue(
            input: DeleteQueueInput(queueUrl: q1Url)
        )

        print("Deleting queue 2...")
        _ = try await sqsClient.deleteQueue(
            input: DeleteQueueInput(queueUrl: q2Url)
        )
        
        // 13. Delete the topic.

        print("Deleting the SNS topic...")
        _ = try await snsClient.deleteTopic(
            input: DeleteTopicInput(topicArn: topicArn)
        )
    }
}

/// The program's asynchronous entry point.
@main
struct Main {
    static func main() async {
        let args = Array(CommandLine.arguments.dropFirst())

        do {
            let command = try ExampleCommand.parse(args)
            try await command.runAsync()
        } catch {
            ExampleCommand.exit(withError: error)
        }
    }    
}
```
+ For API details, see the following topics in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*.
  + [CreateQueue](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awssqs/latest/documentation/awssqs/sqsclient/createqueue(input:))
  + [CreateTopic](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awssns/latest/documentation/awssns/snsclient/createtopic(input:))
  + [DeleteMessageBatch](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awssqs/latest/documentation/awssqs/sqsclient/deletemessagebatch(input:))
  + [DeleteQueue](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awssqs/latest/documentation/awssqs/sqsclient/deletequeue(input:))
  + [DeleteTopic](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awssns/latest/documentation/awssns/snsclient/deletetopic(input:))
  + [GetQueueAttributes](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awssqs/latest/documentation/awssqs/sqsclient/getqueueattributes(input:))
  + [Publish](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awssns/latest/documentation/awssns/snsclient/publish(input:))
  + [ReceiveMessage](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awssqs/latest/documentation/awssqs/sqsclient/receivemessage(input:))
  + [SetQueueAttributes](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awssqs/latest/documentation/awssqs/sqsclient/setqueueattributes(input:))
  + [Subscribe](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awssns/latest/documentation/awssns/snsclient/subscribe(input:))
  + [Unsubscribe](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awssns/latest/documentation/awssns/snsclient/unsubscribe(input:))

# Amazon SQS examples using SDK for Swift
Amazon SQS

The following code examples show you how to perform actions and implement common scenarios by using the AWS SDK for Swift with Amazon SQS.

*Actions* are code excerpts from larger programs and must be run in context. While actions show you how to call individual service functions, you can see actions in context in their related scenarios.

*Scenarios* are code examples that show you how to accomplish specific tasks by calling multiple functions within a service or combined with other AWS services.

Each example includes a link to the complete source code, where you can find instructions on how to set up and run the code in context.

**Topics**
+ [Get started](#get_started)
+ [Actions](#actions)
+ [Scenarios](#scenarios)

## Get started
Get started

### Hello Amazon SQS
Hello Amazon SQS

The following code example shows how to get started using Amazon SQS.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/sqs#code-examples). 
The `Package.swift` file.  

```
import PackageDescription

let package = Package(
    name: "sqs-basics",
    // Let Xcode know the minimum Apple platforms supported.
    platforms: [
        .macOS(.v13),
        .iOS(.v15)
    ],
    dependencies: [
        // Dependencies declare other packages that this package depends on.
        .package(
            url: "https://github.com/awslabs/aws-sdk-swift",
            from: "1.0.0"),
        .package(
            url: "https://github.com/apple/swift-argument-parser.git",
            branch: "main"
        )
    ],
    targets: [
        // Targets are the basic building blocks of a package, defining a module or a test suite.
        // Targets can depend on other targets in this package and products
        // from dependencies.
        .executableTarget(
            name: "sqs-basics",
            dependencies: [
                .product(name: "AWSSQS", package: "aws-sdk-swift"),
                .product(name: "ArgumentParser", package: "swift-argument-parser")
            ],
            path: "Sources")

    ]
)
```
The Swift source code, `entry.swift`.  

```
import ArgumentParser
import AWSClientRuntime
import AWSSQS
import Foundation

struct ExampleCommand: ParsableCommand {
    @Option(help: "Name of the Amazon Region to use (default: us-east-1)")
    var region = "us-east-1"

    static var configuration = CommandConfiguration(
        commandName: "sqs-basics",
        abstract: """
        This example shows how to list all of your available Amazon SQS queues.
        """,
        discussion: """
        """
    )
    
    /// Called by ``main()`` to run the bulk of the example.
    func runAsync() async throws {
        let config = try await SQSClient.SQSClientConfiguration(region: region)
        let sqsClient = SQSClient(config: config)

        var queues: [String] = []
        let outputPages = sqsClient.listQueuesPaginated(
            input: ListQueuesInput()
        )

        // Each time a page of results arrives, process its contents.

        for try await output in outputPages {
            guard let urls = output.queueUrls else {
                print("No queues found.")
                return
            }

            // Iterate over the queue URLs listed on this page, adding them
            // to the `queues` array.

            for queueUrl in urls {
                queues.append(queueUrl)
            }
        }

        print("You have \(queues.count) queues:")
        for queue in queues {
            print("   \(queue)")
        }
    }
}

/// The program's asynchronous entry point.
@main
struct Main {
    static func main() async {
        let args = Array(CommandLine.arguments.dropFirst())

        do {
            let command = try ExampleCommand.parse(args)
            try await command.runAsync()
        } catch {
            ExampleCommand.exit(withError: error)
        }
    }    
}
```
+  For API details, see [ListQueues](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awssqs/latest/documentation/awssqs/sqsclient/listqueues(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

## Actions
Actions

### `CreateQueue`
`CreateQueue`

The following code example shows how to use `CreateQueue`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/sqs#code-examples). 

```
import AWSSQS

        let config = try await SQSClient.SQSClientConfiguration(region: region)
        let sqsClient = SQSClient(config: config)

        let output = try await sqsClient.createQueue(
            input: CreateQueueInput(
                queueName: queueName
            )
        )

        guard let queueUrl = output.queueUrl else {
            print("No queue URL returned.")
            return
        }
```
+  For API details, see [CreateQueue](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awssqs/latest/documentation/awssqs/sqsclient/createqueue(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `DeleteMessageBatch`
`DeleteMessageBatch`

The following code example shows how to use `DeleteMessageBatch`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/sqs#code-examples). 

```
import AWSSQS

        let config = try await SQSClient.SQSClientConfiguration(region: region)
        let sqsClient = SQSClient(config: config)

        // Create the list of message entries.

        var entries: [SQSClientTypes.DeleteMessageBatchRequestEntry] = []
        var messageNumber = 1

        for handle in handles {
            let entry = SQSClientTypes.DeleteMessageBatchRequestEntry(
                id: "\(messageNumber)",
                receiptHandle: handle
            )
            entries.append(entry)
            messageNumber += 1
        }

        // Delete the messages.

        let output = try await sqsClient.deleteMessageBatch(
            input: DeleteMessageBatchInput(
                entries: entries,
                queueUrl: queue
            )
        )

        // Get the lists of failed and successful deletions from the output.

        guard let failedEntries = output.failed else {
            print("Failed deletion list is missing!")
            return
        }
        guard let successfulEntries = output.successful else {
            print("Successful deletion list is missing!")
            return
        }

        // Display a list of the failed deletions along with their
        // corresponding explanation messages.

        if failedEntries.count != 0 {
            print("Failed deletions:")

            for entry in failedEntries {
                print("Message #\(entry.id ?? "<unknown>") failed: \(entry.message ?? "<unknown>")")
            }
        } else {
            print("No failed deletions.")
        }

        // Output a list of the message numbers that were successfully deleted.

        if successfulEntries.count != 0 {
            var successes = ""

            for entry in successfulEntries {
                if successes.count == 0 {
                    successes = entry.id ?? "<unknown>"
                } else {
                    successes = "\(successes), \(entry.id ?? "<unknown>")"
                }
            }
            print("Succeeded: ", successes)
        } else {
            print("No successful deletions.")
        }
```
+  For API details, see [DeleteMessageBatch](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awssqs/latest/documentation/awssqs/sqsclient/deletemessagebatch(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `DeleteQueue`
`DeleteQueue`

The following code example shows how to use `DeleteQueue`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/sqs#code-examples). 

```
import AWSSQS

        let config = try await SQSClient.SQSClientConfiguration(region: region)
        let sqsClient = SQSClient(config: config)

        do {
            _ = try await sqsClient.deleteQueue(
                input: DeleteQueueInput(
                    queueUrl: queueUrl
                )
            )
        } catch _ as AWSSQS.QueueDoesNotExist {
            print("Error: The specified queue doesn't exist.")
            return
        }
```
+  For API details, see [DeleteQueue](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awssqs/latest/documentation/awssqs/sqsclient/deletequeue(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `GetQueueAttributes`
`GetQueueAttributes`

The following code example shows how to use `GetQueueAttributes`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/sqs#code-examples). 

```
import AWSSQS

        let config = try await SQSClient.SQSClientConfiguration(region: region)
        let sqsClient = SQSClient(config: config)

        let output = try await sqsClient.getQueueAttributes(
            input: GetQueueAttributesInput(
                attributeNames: [
                    .approximatenumberofmessages,
                    .maximummessagesize
                ],
                queueUrl: url
            )
        )

        guard let attributes = output.attributes else {
            print("No queue attributes returned.")
            return
        }
        
        for (attr, value) in attributes {
            switch(attr) {
            case "ApproximateNumberOfMessages":
                print("Approximate message count: \(value)")    
            case "MaximumMessageSize":
                print("Maximum message size: \(value)kB")
            default:
                continue
            }
        }
```
+  For API details, see [GetQueueAttributes](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awssqs/latest/documentation/awssqs/sqsclient/getqueueattributes(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `ListQueues`
`ListQueues`

The following code example shows how to use `ListQueues`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/sqs#code-examples). 

```
import AWSSQS

        let config = try await SQSClient.SQSClientConfiguration(region: region)
        let sqsClient = SQSClient(config: config)

        var queues: [String] = []
        let outputPages = sqsClient.listQueuesPaginated(
            input: ListQueuesInput()
        )

        // Each time a page of results arrives, process its contents.

        for try await output in outputPages {
            guard let urls = output.queueUrls else {
                print("No queues found.")
                return
            }

            // Iterate over the queue URLs listed on this page, adding them
            // to the `queues` array.

            for queueUrl in urls {
                queues.append(queueUrl)
            }
        }
```
+  For API details, see [ListQueues](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awssqs/latest/documentation/awssqs/sqsclient/listqueues(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `ReceiveMessage`
`ReceiveMessage`

The following code example shows how to use `ReceiveMessage`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/sqs#code-examples). 

```
import AWSSQS

        let config = try await SQSClient.SQSClientConfiguration(region: region)
        let sqsClient = SQSClient(config: config)

        let output = try await sqsClient.receiveMessage(
            input: ReceiveMessageInput(
                maxNumberOfMessages: maxMessages,
                queueUrl: url
            )
        )

        guard let messages = output.messages else {
            print("No messages received.")
            return
        }
    
        for message in messages {
            print("Message ID:     \(message.messageId ?? "<unknown>")")
            print("Receipt handle: \(message.receiptHandle ?? "<unknown>")")
            print(message.body ?? "<body missing>")
            print("---")
        }
```
+  For API details, see [ReceiveMessage](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awssqs/latest/documentation/awssqs/sqsclient/receivemessage(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

### `SetQueueAttributes`
`SetQueueAttributes`

The following code example shows how to use `SetQueueAttributes`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/sqs#code-examples). 

```
import AWSSQS

        let config = try await SQSClient.SQSClientConfiguration(region: region)
        let sqsClient = SQSClient(config: config)

        do {
            _ = try await sqsClient.setQueueAttributes(
                input: SetQueueAttributesInput(
                    attributes: [
                        "MaximumMessageSize": "\(maxSize)"
                    ],
                    queueUrl: url
                )
            )
        } catch _ as AWSSQS.InvalidAttributeValue {
            print("Invalid maximum message size: \(maxSize) kB.")
        }
```
+  For API details, see [SetQueueAttributes](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awssqs/latest/documentation/awssqs/sqsclient/setqueueattributes(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

## Scenarios
Scenarios

### Publish messages to queues
Publish messages to queues

The following code example shows how to:
+ Create topic (FIFO or non-FIFO).
+ Subscribe several queues to the topic with an option to apply a filter.
+ Publish messages to the topic.
+ Poll the queues for messages received.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/sqs/scenario#code-examples). 

```
import ArgumentParser
import AWSClientRuntime
import AWSSNS
import AWSSQS
import Foundation

struct ExampleCommand: ParsableCommand {
    @Option(help: "Name of the Amazon Region to use")
    var region = "us-east-1"

    static var configuration = CommandConfiguration(
        commandName: "queue-scenario",
        abstract: """
        This example interactively demonstrates how to use Amazon Simple
        Notification Service (Amazon SNS) and Amazon Simple Queue Service
        (Amazon SQS) together to publish and receive messages using queues.
        """,
        discussion: """
        Supports filtering using a "tone" attribute.
        """
    )

    /// Prompt for an input string. Only non-empty strings are allowed.
    /// 
    /// - Parameter prompt: The prompt to display.
    ///
    /// - Returns: The string input by the user.
    func stringRequest(prompt: String) -> String {
        var str: String?

        while str == nil {
            print(prompt, terminator: "")
            str = readLine()

            if str != nil && str?.count == 0 {
                str = nil
            }
        }

        return str!
    }

    /// Ask a yes/no question.
    /// 
    /// - Parameter prompt: A prompt string to print.
    ///
    /// - Returns: `true` if the user answered "Y", otherwise `false`.
    func yesNoRequest(prompt: String) -> Bool {
        while true {
            let answer = stringRequest(prompt: prompt).lowercased()
            if answer == "y" || answer == "n" {
                return answer == "y"
            }
        }
    }

    /// Display a menu of options then request a selection.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - prompt: A prompt string to display before the menu.
    ///   - options: An array of strings giving the menu options.
    ///
    /// - Returns: The index number of the selected option or 0 if no item was
    ///   selected.
    func menuRequest(prompt: String, options: [String]) -> Int {
        let numOptions = options.count

        if numOptions == 0 {
            return 0
        }

        print(prompt)

        for (index, value) in options.enumerated() {
            print("(\(index)) \(value)")
        }

        repeat {
            print("Enter your selection (0 - \(numOptions-1)): ", terminator: "")
            if let answer = readLine() {
                guard let answer = Int(answer) else {
                    print("Please enter the number matching your selection.")
                    continue
                }

                if answer >= 0 && answer < numOptions {
                    return answer
                } else {
                    print("Please enter the number matching your selection.")
                }
            }
        } while true
    }
    
    /// Ask the user too press RETURN. Accepts any input but ignores it.
    /// 
    /// - Parameter prompt: The text prompt to display.
    func returnRequest(prompt: String) {
        print(prompt, terminator: "")
        _ = readLine()
    }

    var attrValues = [
        "<none>",
        "cheerful",
        "funny",
        "serious",
        "sincere"
    ]

    /// Ask the user to choose one of the attribute values to use as a filter.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - message: A message to display before the menu of values.
    ///   - attrValues: An array of strings giving the values to choose from.
    /// 
    /// - Returns: The string corresponding to the selected option.
    func askForFilter(message: String, attrValues: [String]) -> String? {
        print(message)
        for (index, value) in attrValues.enumerated() {
            print("  [\(index)] \(value)")
        }

        var answer: Int?
        repeat {
            answer = Int(stringRequest(prompt: "Select an value for the 'tone' attribute or 0 to end: "))
        } while answer == nil || answer! < 0 || answer! > attrValues.count + 1

        if answer == 0 {
            return nil
        }
        return attrValues[answer!]
    }

    /// Prompts the user for filter terms and constructs the attribute
    /// record that specifies them.
    /// 
    /// - Returns: A mapping of "FilterPolicy" to a JSON string representing
    ///   the user-defined filter.
    func buildFilterAttributes() -> [String:String] {
        var attr: [String:String] = [:]
        var filterString = ""

        var first = true

        while let ans = askForFilter(message: "Choose a value to apply to the 'tone' attribute.",
                                    attrValues: attrValues) {
            if !first {
                filterString += ","
            }
            first = false

            filterString += "\"\(ans)\""
        }

        let filterJSON = "{ \"tone\": [\(filterString)]}"
        attr["FilterPolicy"] = filterJSON

        return attr
    }
    /// Create a queue, returning its URL string.
    ///
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - prompt: A prompt to ask for the queue name.
    ///   - isFIFO: Whether or not to create a FIFO queue.
    ///
    /// - Returns: The URL of the queue.
    func createQueue(prompt: String, sqsClient: SQSClient, isFIFO: Bool) async throws -> String? {
        repeat {
            var queueName = stringRequest(prompt: prompt)
            var attributes: [String: String] = [:]

            if isFIFO {
                queueName += ".fifo"
                attributes["FifoQueue"] = "true"
            }

            do {
                let output = try await sqsClient.createQueue(
                    input: CreateQueueInput(
                        attributes: attributes,
                        queueName: queueName
                    )
                )
                guard let url = output.queueUrl else {
                    return nil
                }

                return url
            } catch _ as QueueDeletedRecently {
                print("You need to use a different queue name. A queue by that name was recently deleted.")
                continue
            }
        } while true
    }

    /// Return the ARN of a queue given its URL.
    ///
    /// - Parameter queueUrl: The URL of the queue for which to return the
    ///   ARN.
    ///
    /// - Returns: The ARN of the specified queue.
    func getQueueARN(sqsClient: SQSClient, queueUrl: String) async throws -> String? {
        let output = try await sqsClient.getQueueAttributes(
            input: GetQueueAttributesInput(
                attributeNames: [.queuearn],
                queueUrl: queueUrl
            )
        )

        guard let attributes = output.attributes else {
            return nil
        }
        
        return attributes["QueueArn"]
    }

    /// Applies the needed policy to the specified queue.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - sqsClient: The Amazon SQS client to use.
    ///   - queueUrl: The queue to apply the policy to.
    ///   - queueArn: The ARN of the queue to apply the policy to.
    ///   - topicArn: The topic that should have access via the policy.
    ///
    /// - Throws: Errors from the SQS `SetQueueAttributes` action.
    func setQueuePolicy(sqsClient: SQSClient, queueUrl: String,
                        queueArn: String, topicArn: String) async throws {
        _ = try await sqsClient.setQueueAttributes(
            input: SetQueueAttributesInput(
                attributes: [
                    "Policy":
                        """
                        {
                            "Statement": [
                                {
                                    "Effect": "Allow",
                                    "Principal": {
                                        "Service": "sns.amazonaws.com"
                                    },
                                    "Action": "sqs:SendMessage",
                                    "Resource": "\(queueArn)",
                                    "Condition": {
                                        "ArnEquals": {
                                            "aws:SourceArn": "\(topicArn)"
                                        }
                                    }
                                }
                            ]
                        }
                        """

                ],
                queueUrl: queueUrl
            )
        )
    }

    /// Receive the available messages on a queue, outputting them to the
    /// screen. Returns a dictionary you pass to DeleteMessageBatch to delete
    /// all the received messages.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - sqsClient: The Amazon SQS client to use.
    ///   - queueUrl: The SQS queue on which to receive messages.
    /// 
    /// - Throws: Errors from `SQSClient.receiveMessage()`
    ///
    /// - Returns: An array of SQSClientTypes.DeleteMessageBatchRequestEntry
    ///   items, each describing one received message in the format needed to
    ///   delete it.
    func receiveAndListMessages(sqsClient: SQSClient, queueUrl: String) async throws
                                -> [SQSClientTypes.DeleteMessageBatchRequestEntry] {
        let output = try await sqsClient.receiveMessage(
            input: ReceiveMessageInput(
                maxNumberOfMessages: 10,
                queueUrl: queueUrl
            )
        )

        guard let messages = output.messages else {
            print("No messages received.")
            return []
        }

        var deleteList: [SQSClientTypes.DeleteMessageBatchRequestEntry] = []

        // Print out all the messages that were received, including their
        // attributes, if any.

        for message in messages {
            print("Message ID:     \(message.messageId ?? "<unknown>")")
            print("Receipt handle: \(message.receiptHandle ?? "<unknown>")")
            print("Message JSON:   \(message.body ?? "<body missing>")")
            
            if message.receiptHandle != nil {
                deleteList.append(
                    SQSClientTypes.DeleteMessageBatchRequestEntry(
                        id: message.messageId,
                        receiptHandle: message.receiptHandle
                    )
                )
            }
        }

        return deleteList
    }

    /// Delete all the messages in the specified list.
    /// 
    /// - Parameters:
    ///   - sqsClient: The Amazon SQS client to use.
    ///   - queueUrl: The SQS queue to delete messages from.
    ///   - deleteList: A list of `DeleteMessageBatchRequestEntry` objects
    ///     describing the messages to delete.
    ///
    /// - Throws: Errors from `SQSClient.deleteMessageBatch()`.
    func deleteMessageList(sqsClient: SQSClient, queueUrl: String,
                           deleteList: [SQSClientTypes.DeleteMessageBatchRequestEntry]) async throws {
        let output = try await sqsClient.deleteMessageBatch(
            input: DeleteMessageBatchInput(entries: deleteList, queueUrl: queueUrl)
        )

        if let failed = output.failed {
            print("\(failed.count) errors occurred deleting messages from the queue.")
            for message in failed {
                print("---> Failed to delete message \(message.id ?? "<unknown ID>") with error: \(message.code ?? "<unknown>") (\(message.message ?? "..."))")
            }
        }
    }

    /// Called by ``main()`` to run the bulk of the example.
    func runAsync() async throws {
        let rowOfStars = String(repeating: "*", count: 75)

        print("""
              \(rowOfStars)
              Welcome to the cross-service messaging with topics and queues example.
              In this workflow, you'll create an SNS topic, then create two SQS
              queues which will be subscribed to that topic.

              You can specify several options for configuring the topic, as well as
              the queue subscriptions. You can then post messages to the topic and
              receive the results on the queues.
              \(rowOfStars)\n
              """
        )

        // 0. Create SNS and SQS clients.

        let snsConfig = try await SNSClient.SNSClientConfiguration(region: region)
        let snsClient = SNSClient(config: snsConfig)

        let sqsConfig = try await SQSClient.SQSClientConfiguration(region: region)
        let sqsClient = SQSClient(config: sqsConfig)

        // 1. Ask the user whether to create a FIFO topic. If so, ask whether
        //    to use content-based deduplication instead of requiring a
        //    deduplication ID.

        let isFIFO = yesNoRequest(prompt: "Do you want to create a FIFO topic (Y/N)? ")
        var isContentBasedDeduplication = false

        if isFIFO {
            print("""
                  \(rowOfStars)
                  Because you've chosen to create a FIFO topic, deduplication is
                  supported.

                  Deduplication IDs are either set in the message or are automatically
                  generated from the content using a hash function.

                  If a message is successfully published to an SNS FIFO topic, any
                  message published and found to have the same deduplication ID
                  (within a five-minute deduplication interval), is accepted but
                  not delivered.

                  For more information about deduplication, see:
                  https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sns/latest/dg/fifo-message-dedup.html.
                  """
            )

            isContentBasedDeduplication = yesNoRequest(
                prompt: "Use content-based deduplication instead of entering a deduplication ID (Y/N)? ")
            print(rowOfStars)
        }

        var topicName = stringRequest(prompt: "Enter the name of the topic to create: ")
        
        // 2. Create the topic. Append ".fifo" to the name if FIFO was
        //    requested, and set the "FifoTopic" attribute to "true" if so as
        //    well. Set the "ContentBasedDeduplication" attribute to "true" if
        //    content-based deduplication was requested.

        if isFIFO {
            topicName += ".fifo"
        }

        print("Topic name: \(topicName)")

        var attributes = [
            "FifoTopic": (isFIFO ? "true" : "false")
        ]

        // If it's a FIFO topic with content-based deduplication, set the
        // "ContentBasedDeduplication" attribute.

        if isContentBasedDeduplication {
            attributes["ContentBasedDeduplication"] = "true"
        }

        // Create the topic and retrieve the ARN.

        let output = try await snsClient.createTopic(
            input: CreateTopicInput(
                attributes: attributes,
                name: topicName
            )
        )

        guard let topicArn = output.topicArn else {
            print("No topic ARN returned!")
            return
        }

        print("""
              Topic '\(topicName) has been created with the
              topic ARN \(topicArn)."
              """
        )
        
        print(rowOfStars)

        // 3. Create an SQS queue. Append ".fifo" to the name if one of the
        //    FIFO topic configurations was chosen, and set "FifoQueue" to
        //    "true" if the topic is FIFO.

        print("""
              Next, you will create two SQS queues that will be subscribed
              to the topic you just created.\n
              """
        )

        let q1Url = try await createQueue(prompt: "Enter the name of the first queue: ",
                                          sqsClient: sqsClient, isFIFO: isFIFO)
        guard let q1Url else {
            print("Unable to create queue 1!")
            return
        }
        
        // 4. Get the SQS queue's ARN attribute using `GetQueueAttributes`.

        let q1Arn = try await getQueueARN(sqsClient: sqsClient, queueUrl: q1Url)

        guard let q1Arn else {
            print("Unable to get ARN of queue 1!")
            return
        }
        print("Got queue 1 ARN: \(q1Arn)")

        // 5. Attach an AWS IAM policy to the queue using
        //    `SetQueueAttributes`.

        try await setQueuePolicy(sqsClient: sqsClient, queueUrl: q1Url,
                                 queueArn: q1Arn, topicArn: topicArn)

        // 6. Subscribe the SQS queue to the SNS topic. Set the topic ARN in
        //    the request. Set the protocol to "sqs". Set the queue ARN to the
        //    ARN just received in step 5. For FIFO topics, give the option to
        //    apply a filter. A filter allows only matching messages to enter
        //    the queue.

        var q1Attributes: [String:String]? = nil

        if isFIFO {
            print(
                """

                If you add a filter to this subscription, then only the filtered messages will
                be received in the queue. For information about message filtering, see
                https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sns/latest/dg/sns-message-filtering.html
                For this example, you can filter messages by a 'tone' attribute.

                """
            )

            let subPrompt = """
                Would you like to filter messages for the first queue's subscription to the
                topic \(topicName) (Y/N)? 
                """
            if (yesNoRequest(prompt: subPrompt)) {
                q1Attributes = buildFilterAttributes()
            }
        }

        let sub1Output = try await snsClient.subscribe(
            input: SubscribeInput(
                attributes: q1Attributes,
                endpoint: q1Arn,
                protocol: "sqs",
                topicArn: topicArn
            )
        )

        guard let q1SubscriptionArn = sub1Output.subscriptionArn else {
            print("Invalid subscription ARN returned for queue 1!")
            return
        }

        // 7. Repeat steps 3-6 for the second queue.

        let q2Url = try await createQueue(prompt: "Enter the name of the second queue: ",
                                sqsClient: sqsClient, isFIFO: isFIFO)
    
        guard let q2Url else {
            print("Unable to create queue 2!")
            return
        }

        let q2Arn = try await getQueueARN(sqsClient: sqsClient, queueUrl: q2Url)

        guard let q2Arn else {
            print("Unable to get ARN of queue 2!")
            return
        }
        print("Got queue 2 ARN: \(q2Arn)")

        try await setQueuePolicy(sqsClient: sqsClient, queueUrl: q2Url,
                                 queueArn: q2Arn, topicArn: topicArn)

        var q2Attributes: [String:String]? = nil

        if isFIFO {
            let subPrompt = """
                Would you like to filter messages for the second queue's subscription to the
                topic \(topicName) (Y/N)? 
                """
            if (yesNoRequest(prompt: subPrompt)) {
                q2Attributes = buildFilterAttributes()
            }
        }

        let sub2Output = try await snsClient.subscribe(
            input: SubscribeInput(
                attributes: q2Attributes,
                endpoint: q2Arn,
                protocol: "sqs",
                topicArn: topicArn
            )
        )

        guard let q2SubscriptionArn = sub2Output.subscriptionArn else {
            print("Invalid subscription ARN returned for queue 1!")
            return
        }

        // 8. Let the user publish messages to the topic, asking for a message
        //    body for each message. Handle the types of topic correctly (SEE
        //    MVP INFORMATION AND FIX THESE COMMENTS!!!

        print("\n\(rowOfStars)\n")

        var first = true

        repeat {
            var publishInput = PublishInput(
                topicArn: topicArn
            )

            publishInput.message = stringRequest(prompt: "Enter message text to publish: ")

            // If using a FIFO topic, a message group ID must be set on the
            // message.

            if isFIFO {
                if first {
                    print("""
                        Because you're using a FIFO topic, you must set a message
                        group ID. All messages within the same group will be
                        received in the same order in which they were published.\n
                        """
                    )
                }
                publishInput.messageGroupId = stringRequest(prompt: "Enter a message group ID for this message: ")

                if !isContentBasedDeduplication {
                    if first {
                        print("""
                              Because you're not using content-based deduplication, you
                              must enter a deduplication ID. If other messages with the
                              same deduplication ID are published within the same
                              deduplication interval, they will not be delivered.
                              """
                        )
                    }
                    publishInput.messageDeduplicationId = stringRequest(prompt: "Enter a deduplication ID for this message: ")
                }
            }

            // Allow the user to add a value for the "tone" attribute if they
            // wish to do so.

            var messageAttributes: [String:SNSClientTypes.MessageAttributeValue] = [:]
            let attrValSelection = menuRequest(prompt: "Choose a tone to apply to this message.", options: attrValues)

            if attrValSelection != 0 {
                let val = SNSClientTypes.MessageAttributeValue(dataType: "String", stringValue: attrValues[attrValSelection])
                messageAttributes["tone"] = val
            }

            publishInput.messageAttributes = messageAttributes
            
            // Publish the message and display its ID.

            let publishOutput = try await snsClient.publish(input: publishInput)

            guard let messageID = publishOutput.messageId else {
                print("Unable to get the published message's ID!")
                return
            }

            print("Message published with ID \(messageID).")
            first = false

            // 9. Repeat step 8 until the user says they don't want to post
            //    another.
        
        } while (yesNoRequest(prompt: "Post another message (Y/N)? "))

        // 10. Display a list of the messages in each queue by using
        //     `ReceiveMessage`. Show at least the body and the attributes.

        print(rowOfStars)
        print("Contents of queue 1:")
        let q1DeleteList = try await receiveAndListMessages(sqsClient: sqsClient, queueUrl: q1Url)
        print("\n\nContents of queue 2:")
        let q2DeleteList = try await receiveAndListMessages(sqsClient: sqsClient, queueUrl: q2Url)
        print(rowOfStars)

        returnRequest(prompt: "\nPress return to clean up: ")

        // 11. Delete the received messages using `DeleteMessageBatch`.

        print("Deleting the messages from queue 1...")
        try await deleteMessageList(sqsClient: sqsClient, queueUrl: q1Url, deleteList: q1DeleteList)
        print("\nDeleting the messages from queue 2...")
        try await deleteMessageList(sqsClient: sqsClient, queueUrl: q2Url, deleteList: q2DeleteList)

        // 12. Unsubscribe and delete both queues.

        print("\nUnsubscribing from queue 1...")
        _ = try await snsClient.unsubscribe(
            input: UnsubscribeInput(subscriptionArn: q1SubscriptionArn)
        )

        print("Unsubscribing from queue 2...")
        _ = try await snsClient.unsubscribe(
            input: UnsubscribeInput(subscriptionArn: q2SubscriptionArn)
        )

        print("Deleting queue 1...")
        _ = try await sqsClient.deleteQueue(
            input: DeleteQueueInput(queueUrl: q1Url)
        )

        print("Deleting queue 2...")
        _ = try await sqsClient.deleteQueue(
            input: DeleteQueueInput(queueUrl: q2Url)
        )
        
        // 13. Delete the topic.

        print("Deleting the SNS topic...")
        _ = try await snsClient.deleteTopic(
            input: DeleteTopicInput(topicArn: topicArn)
        )
    }
}

/// The program's asynchronous entry point.
@main
struct Main {
    static func main() async {
        let args = Array(CommandLine.arguments.dropFirst())

        do {
            let command = try ExampleCommand.parse(args)
            try await command.runAsync()
        } catch {
            ExampleCommand.exit(withError: error)
        }
    }    
}
```
+ For API details, see the following topics in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*.
  + [CreateQueue](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awssqs/latest/documentation/awssqs/sqsclient/createqueue(input:))
  + [CreateTopic](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awssns/latest/documentation/awssns/snsclient/createtopic(input:))
  + [DeleteMessageBatch](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awssqs/latest/documentation/awssqs/sqsclient/deletemessagebatch(input:))
  + [DeleteQueue](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awssqs/latest/documentation/awssqs/sqsclient/deletequeue(input:))
  + [DeleteTopic](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awssns/latest/documentation/awssns/snsclient/deletetopic(input:))
  + [GetQueueAttributes](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awssqs/latest/documentation/awssqs/sqsclient/getqueueattributes(input:))
  + [Publish](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awssns/latest/documentation/awssns/snsclient/publish(input:))
  + [ReceiveMessage](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awssqs/latest/documentation/awssqs/sqsclient/receivemessage(input:))
  + [SetQueueAttributes](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awssqs/latest/documentation/awssqs/sqsclient/setqueueattributes(input:))
  + [Subscribe](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awssns/latest/documentation/awssns/snsclient/subscribe(input:))
  + [Unsubscribe](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awssns/latest/documentation/awssns/snsclient/unsubscribe(input:))

# AWS STS examples using SDK for Swift
AWS STS

The following code examples show you how to perform actions and implement common scenarios by using the AWS SDK for Swift with AWS STS.

*Actions* are code excerpts from larger programs and must be run in context. While actions show you how to call individual service functions, you can see actions in context in their related scenarios.

Each example includes a link to the complete source code, where you can find instructions on how to set up and run the code in context.

**Topics**
+ [Actions](#actions)

## Actions
Actions

### `AssumeRole`
`AssumeRole`

The following code example shows how to use `AssumeRole`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/iam#code-examples). 

```
import AWSSTS

    public func assumeRole(role: IAMClientTypes.Role, sessionName: String)
        async throws -> STSClientTypes.Credentials
    {
        let input = AssumeRoleInput(
            roleArn: role.arn,
            roleSessionName: sessionName
        )
        do {
            let output = try await stsClient.assumeRole(input: input)

            guard let credentials = output.credentials else {
                throw ServiceHandlerError.authError
            }

            return credentials
        } catch {
            print("Error assuming role: ", dump(error))
            throw error
        }
    }
```
+  For API details, see [AssumeRole](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awssts/latest/documentation/awssts/stsclient/assumerole(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

# Amazon Transcribe Streaming examples using SDK for Swift
Amazon Transcribe Streaming

The following code examples show you how to perform actions and implement common scenarios by using the AWS SDK for Swift with Amazon Transcribe Streaming.

*Actions* are code excerpts from larger programs and must be run in context. While actions show you how to call individual service functions, you can see actions in context in their related scenarios.

*Scenarios* are code examples that show you how to accomplish specific tasks by calling multiple functions within a service or combined with other AWS services.

Each example includes a link to the complete source code, where you can find instructions on how to set up and run the code in context.

**Topics**
+ [Actions](#actions)
+ [Scenarios](#scenarios)

## Actions
Actions

### `StartStreamTranscription`
`StartStreamTranscription`

The following code example shows how to use `StartStreamTranscription`.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/transcribe-streaming#code-examples). 

```
        let client = TranscribeStreamingClient(
            config: try await TranscribeStreamingClient.TranscribeStreamingClientConfiguration(
                region: region
            )
        )

        // Start the transcription running on the audio stream.

        let output = try await client.startStreamTranscription(
            input: StartStreamTranscriptionInput(
                audioStream: try await createAudioStream(),
                languageCode: TranscribeStreamingClientTypes.LanguageCode(rawValue: lang),
                mediaEncoding: encoding,
                mediaSampleRateHertz: sampleRate
            )
        )
```
+  For API details, see [StartStreamTranscription](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awstranscribestreaming/latest/documentation/awstranscribestreaming/transcribestreamingclient/startstreamtranscription(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*. 

## Scenarios
Scenarios

### Transcribe an audio file
Transcribe an audio file

The following code example shows how to generate a transcription of a source audio file using Amazon Transcribe streaming.

**SDK for Swift**  
 There's more on GitHub. Find the complete example and learn how to set up and run in the [AWS Code Examples Repository](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples/tree/main/swift/example_code/transcribe-streaming#code-examples). 
Use Amazon Transcribe streaming to transcribe the spoken language in an audio file.  

```
/// An example that demonstrates how to watch an transcribe event stream to
/// transcribe audio from a file to the console.

import ArgumentParser
import AWSClientRuntime
import AWSTranscribeStreaming
import Foundation

/// Identify one of the media file formats supported by Amazon Transcribe.
enum TranscribeFormat: String, ExpressibleByArgument {
    case ogg = "ogg"
    case pcm = "pcm"
    case flac = "flac"
}

// -MARK: - Async command line tool

struct ExampleCommand: ParsableCommand {
    // -MARK: Command arguments
    @Flag(help: "Show partial results")
    var showPartial = false
    @Option(help: "Language code to transcribe into")
    var lang: String = "en-US"
    @Option(help: "Format of the source audio file")
    var format: TranscribeFormat
    @Option(help: "Sample rate of the source audio file in Hertz")
    var sampleRate: Int = 16000
    @Option(help: "Path of the source audio file")
    var path: String
    @Option(help: "Name of the Amazon S3 Region to use (default: us-east-1)")
    var region = "us-east-1"

    static var configuration = CommandConfiguration(
        commandName: "tsevents",
        abstract: """
        This example shows how to use event streaming with Amazon Transcribe.
        """,
        discussion: """
        """
    )

    /// Create and return an Amazon Transcribe audio stream from the file
    /// specified in the arguments.
    /// 
    /// - Throws: Errors from `TranscribeError`.
    ///
    /// - Returns: `AsyncThrowingStream<TranscribeStreamingClientTypes.AudioStream, Error>`
    func createAudioStream() async throws
                -> AsyncThrowingStream<TranscribeStreamingClientTypes.AudioStream, Error> {

        let fileURL: URL = URL(fileURLWithPath: path)
        let audioData = try Data(contentsOf: fileURL)

        // Properties defining the size of audio chunks and the total size of
        // the audio file in bytes. You should try to send chunks that last on
        // average 125 milliseconds.

        let chunkSizeInMilliseconds = 125.0
        let chunkSize = Int(chunkSizeInMilliseconds  / 1000.0 * Double(sampleRate) * 2.0)
        let audioDataSize = audioData.count

        // Create an audio stream from the source data. The stream's job is
        // to send the audio in chunks to Amazon Transcribe as
        // `AudioStream.audioevent` events.

        let audioStream = AsyncThrowingStream<TranscribeStreamingClientTypes.AudioStream,
                                Error> { continuation in
            Task {
                var currentStart = 0
                var currentEnd = min(chunkSize, audioDataSize - currentStart)

                // Generate and send chunks of audio data as `audioevent`
                // events until the entire file has been sent. Each event is
                // yielded to the SDK after being created.

                while currentStart < audioDataSize {
                    let dataChunk = audioData[currentStart ..< currentEnd]
                    
                    let audioEvent = TranscribeStreamingClientTypes.AudioStream.audioevent(
                        .init(audioChunk: dataChunk)
                    )
                    let yieldResult = continuation.yield(audioEvent)
                    switch yieldResult {
                        case .enqueued(_):
                            // The chunk was successfully enqueued into the
                            // stream. The `remaining` parameter estimates how
                            // much room is left in the queue, but is ignored here.
                            break
                        case .dropped(_):
                            // The chunk was dropped because the queue buffer
                            // is full. This will cause transcription errors.
                            print("Warning: Dropped audio! The transcription will be incomplete.")
                        case .terminated:
                            print("Audio stream terminated.")
                            continuation.finish()
                            return
                        default:
                            print("Warning: Unrecognized response during audio streaming.")
                    }

                    currentStart = currentEnd
                    currentEnd = min(currentStart + chunkSize, audioDataSize)
                }

                // Let the SDK's continuation block know the stream is over.

                continuation.finish()
            }
        }

        return audioStream
    }

    /// Run the transcription process.
    ///
    /// - Throws: An error from `TranscribeError`.
    func transcribe(encoding: TranscribeStreamingClientTypes.MediaEncoding) async throws {
        // Create the Transcribe Streaming client.

        let client = TranscribeStreamingClient(
            config: try await TranscribeStreamingClient.TranscribeStreamingClientConfiguration(
                region: region
            )
        )

        // Start the transcription running on the audio stream.

        let output = try await client.startStreamTranscription(
            input: StartStreamTranscriptionInput(
                audioStream: try await createAudioStream(),
                languageCode: TranscribeStreamingClientTypes.LanguageCode(rawValue: lang),
                mediaEncoding: encoding,
                mediaSampleRateHertz: sampleRate
            )
        )

        // Iterate over the events in the returned transcript result stream.
        // Each `transcriptevent` contains a list of result fragments which
        // need to be concatenated together to build the final transcript.
        for try await event in output.transcriptResultStream! {
            switch event {
            case .transcriptevent(let event):
            for result in event.transcript?.results ?? [] {
                guard let transcript = result.alternatives?.first?.transcript else {
                    continue
                }

                // If showing partial results is enabled and the result is
                // partial, show it. Partial results may be incomplete, and
                // may be inaccurate, with upcoming audio making the
                // transcription complete or by giving more context to make
                // transcription make more sense.

                if (result.isPartial && showPartial) {
                    print("[Partial] \(transcript)")
                }

                // When the complete fragment of transcribed text is ready,
                // print it. This could just as easily be used to draw the
                // text as a subtitle over a playing video, though timing
                // would need to be managed.

                if !result.isPartial {
                    if (showPartial) {
                        print("[Final  ] ", terminator: "")
                    }
                    print(transcript)
                }
            }
            default:
                print("Error: Unexpected message from Amazon Transcribe:")
            }
        }
    }

    /// Convert the value of the `--format` command line option into the
    /// corresponding Transcribe Streaming `MediaEncoding` type.
    ///
    /// - Returns: The `MediaEncoding` equivalent of the format specified on
    ///   the command line.
    func getMediaEncoding() -> TranscribeStreamingClientTypes.MediaEncoding {
        let mediaEncoding: TranscribeStreamingClientTypes.MediaEncoding
        
        switch format {
        case .flac:
            mediaEncoding = .flac
        case .ogg:
            mediaEncoding = .oggOpus
        case .pcm:
            mediaEncoding = .pcm
        }

        return mediaEncoding
    }
}

// -MARK: - Entry point

/// The program's asynchronous entry point.
@main
struct Main {
    static func main() async {
        let args = Array(CommandLine.arguments.dropFirst())

        do {
            let command = try ExampleCommand.parse(args)
            try await command.transcribe(encoding: command.getMediaEncoding())
        } catch let error as TranscribeError {
            print("ERROR: \(error.errorDescription ?? "Unknown error")")
        } catch {
            ExampleCommand.exit(withError: error)
        }
    }    
}

/// Errors thrown by the example's functions.
enum TranscribeError: Error {
    /// No transcription stream available.
    case noTranscriptionStream
    /// The source media file couldn't be read.
    case readError

    var errorDescription: String? {
        switch self {
        case .noTranscriptionStream:
            return "No transcription stream returned by Amazon Transcribe."
        case .readError:
            return "Unable to read the source audio file."
        }
    }
}
```
+  For API details, see [StartStreamTranscription](https://sdk.amazonaws.com/swift/api/awstranscribestreaming/latest/documentation/awstranscribestreaming/transcribestreamingclient/startstreamtranscription(input:)) in *AWS SDK for Swift API reference*.