適用於 .NET 的 AWS SDK V3 已進入維護模式。
我們建議您遷移至 [適用於 .NET 的 AWS SDK V4](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-net/v4/developer-guide/welcome.html)。如需如何遷移的其他詳細資訊和資訊，請參閱我們的[維護模式公告](https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/developer/aws-sdk-for-net-v3-maintenance-mode-announcement/)。
本文為英文版的機器翻譯版本，如內容有任何歧義或不一致之處，概以英文版為準。
# 使用 Amazon EC2
適用於 .NET 的 AWS SDK 支援 [Amazon EC2](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/ec2/)，這是一種 Web 服務，可提供可調整大小的運算容量。您可以使用此運算容量來建置和託管軟體系統。
## API
為 Amazon EC2 用戶端 適用於 .NET 的 AWS SDK 提供 APIs。APIs 可讓您使用安全群組和金鑰對等 EC2 功能。APIs 也可讓您控制 Amazon EC2 執行個體。本節包含一些範例，顯示您在使用這些 APIs 時可遵循的模式。若要檢視完整的 APIs 集，請參閱 [適用於 .NET 的 AWS SDK API 參考](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/) （並捲動至「Amazon.EC2」)。
Amazon EC2 APIs 由 [AWSSDK.EC2](https://www.nuget.org/packages/AWSSDK.EC2) NuGet 套件提供。
## 先決條件
開始之前，請確定您已[設定環境和專案](net-dg-config.md)。也請檢閱 中的資訊[開發套件功能](net-dg-sdk-features.md)。
## 關於範例
本節中的範例說明如何使用 Amazon EC2 用戶端和管理 Amazon EC2 執行個體。
[EC2 Spot 執行個體教學](how-to-spot-instances.md)課程說明如何請求 Amazon EC2 Spot 執行個體。Spot 執行個體可讓您以低於隨需價格的價格存取未使用的 EC2 容量。
**Topics**
+ [API](#w2aac19c15c17b5)
+ [先決條件](#w2aac19c15c17b7)
+ [關於範例](#ec2-apis-intro-about)
+ [Security groups (安全群組)](security-groups.md)
+ [金鑰對](key-pairs.md)
+ [區域與可用區域](using-regions-and-availability-zones.md)
+ [EC2 執行個體](how-to-ec2.md)
+ [Spot 執行個體教學課程](how-to-spot-instances.md)
# 在 Amazon EC2 中使用安全群組
在 Amazon EC2 中，*安全群組*可做為虛擬防火牆，控制一或多個 EC2 執行個體的網路流量。根據預設，EC2 會將您的執行個體與不允許傳入流量的安全群組建立關聯。您可以建立允許您的 EC2 執行個體接受特定連接的安全群組。例如，如果您需要連接到 EC2 Windows 執行個體，則必須設定安全群組以允許 RDP 流量。
若要進一步了解安全群組，請參閱[《Amazon EC2 使用者指南》中的 Amazon EC2 安全群組](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/ec2-security-groups.html)。 [Amazon EC2 ](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/)
**警告**
EC2-Classic 在 2022 年 8 月 15 日淘汰。建議您從 EC2-Classic 遷移至 VPC。如需詳細資訊，請參閱部落格文章 [EC2-Classic Networking 正在淘汰 – 以下是如何準備](https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/aws/ec2-classic-is-retiring-heres-how-to-prepare/)。
如需 APIs和先決條件的相關資訊，請參閱父區段 ([使用 Amazon EC2](ec2-apis-intro.md))。
**Topics**
+ [列舉安全群組](enumerate-security-groups.md)
+ [建立安全群組](creating-security-group.md)
+ [更新安全群組](authorize-ingress.md)
# 列舉安全群組
此範例說明如何使用 適用於 .NET 的 AWS SDK 列舉安全群組。如果您提供 [Amazon Virtual Private Cloud](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/vpc/latest/userguide/) ID，應用程式會列舉該特定 VPC 的安全群組。否則，應用程式只會顯示所有可用安全群組的清單。
下列各節提供此範例的程式碼片段。之後會顯示[範例的完整程式碼](#enum-sec-groups-complete-code)，並可依原樣建置和執行。
**Topics**
+ [列舉安全群組](#enum-sec-groups-enum)
+ [完成程式碼](#enum-sec-groups-complete-code)
+ [其他考量](#enum-sec-groups-additional)
## 列舉安全群組
下列程式碼片段會列舉您的安全群組。如果指定一個群組，則會列舉特定 VPC 的所有群組或群組。
[本主題結尾](#enum-sec-groups-complete-code)的範例顯示此程式碼片段正在使用中。
```
//
// Method to enumerate the security groups
private static async Task EnumerateGroups(IAmazonEC2 ec2Client, string vpcID)
{
// A request object, in case we need it.
var request = new DescribeSecurityGroupsRequest();
// Put together the properties, if needed
if(!string.IsNullOrEmpty(vpcID))
{
// We have a VPC ID. Find the security groups for just that VPC.
Console.WriteLine($"\nGetting security groups for VPC {vpcID}...\n");
request.Filters.Add(new Filter
{
Name = "vpc-id",
Values = new List() { vpcID }
});
}
// Get the list of security groups
DescribeSecurityGroupsResponse response =
await ec2Client.DescribeSecurityGroupsAsync(request);
// Display the list of security groups.
foreach (SecurityGroup item in response.SecurityGroups)
{
Console.WriteLine("Security group: " + item.GroupId);
Console.WriteLine("\tGroupId: " + item.GroupId);
Console.WriteLine("\tGroupName: " + item.GroupName);
Console.WriteLine("\tVpcId: " + item.VpcId);
Console.WriteLine();
}
}
```
## 完成程式碼
本節顯示此範例的相關參考和完整程式碼。
### 開發套件參考
NuGet 套件：
+ [AWSSDK.EC2](https://www.nuget.org/packages/AWSSDK.EC2)
程式設計元素：
+ 命名空間 [Amazon.EC2](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/NEC2.html)
[AmazonEC2Client](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TEC2Client.html) 類別
+ 命名空間 [Amazon.EC2.Model](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/NEC2Model.html)
類別 [DescribeSecurityGroupsRequest](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TDescribeSecurityGroupsRequest.html)
類別 [DescribeSecurityGroupsResponse](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TDescribeSecurityGroupsResponse.html)
類別[篩選條件](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TFilter.html)
類別 [SecurityGroup](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TSecurityGroup.html)
### 程式碼
```
using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Amazon.EC2;
using Amazon.EC2.Model;
namespace EC2EnumerateSecGroups
{
class Program
{
static async Task Main(string[] args)
{
// Parse the command line
string vpcID = string.Empty;
if(args.Length == 0)
{
Console.WriteLine("\nEC2EnumerateSecGroups [vpc_id]");
Console.WriteLine(" vpc_id - The ID of the VPC for which you want to see security groups.");
Console.WriteLine("\nSince you specified no arguments, showing all available security groups.");
}
else
{
vpcID = args[0];
}
if(vpcID.StartsWith("vpc-") || string.IsNullOrEmpty(vpcID))
{
// Create an EC2 client object
var ec2Client = new AmazonEC2Client();
// Enumerate the security groups
await EnumerateGroups(ec2Client, vpcID);
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("Could not find a valid VPC ID in the command-line arguments:");
Console.WriteLine($"{args[0]}");
}
}
//
// Method to enumerate the security groups
private static async Task EnumerateGroups(IAmazonEC2 ec2Client, string vpcID)
{
// A request object, in case we need it.
var request = new DescribeSecurityGroupsRequest();
// Put together the properties, if needed
if(!string.IsNullOrEmpty(vpcID))
{
// We have a VPC ID. Find the security groups for just that VPC.
Console.WriteLine($"\nGetting security groups for VPC {vpcID}...\n");
request.Filters.Add(new Filter
{
Name = "vpc-id",
Values = new List() { vpcID }
});
}
// Get the list of security groups
DescribeSecurityGroupsResponse response =
await ec2Client.DescribeSecurityGroupsAsync(request);
// Display the list of security groups.
foreach (SecurityGroup item in response.SecurityGroups)
{
Console.WriteLine("Security group: " + item.GroupId);
Console.WriteLine("\tGroupId: " + item.GroupId);
Console.WriteLine("\tGroupName: " + item.GroupName);
Console.WriteLine("\tVpcId: " + item.VpcId);
Console.WriteLine();
}
}
}
}
```
## 其他考量
+ 請注意，VPC 案例的篩選條件建構時，名稱/值對`Name`的部分設定為 "vpc-id"。此名稱來自 [DescribeSecurityGroupsRequest](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TDescribeSecurityGroupsRequest.html) 類別`Filters`屬性的描述。
+ 若要取得安全群組的完整清單，您也可以在沒有[參數的情況下使用 DescribeSecurityGroupsAsync](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/MEC2DescribeSecurityGroupsAsyncCancellationToken.html)。
+ 您可以在 [Amazon EC2 主控台](https://console.aws.amazon.com/ec2/v2/home#SecurityGroups)中檢查安全群組清單來驗證結果。
# 建立安全群組
此範例說明如何使用 適用於 .NET 的 AWS SDK 來建立安全群組。您可以提供現有 VPC 的 ID，以在 VPC 中建立 EC2 的安全群組。如果您未提供此類 ID，如果 AWS 您的帳戶支援此 ID，則新的安全群組將適用於 EC2-Classic。
如果您未提供 VPC ID，且 AWS 您的帳戶不支援 EC2-Classic，則新的安全群組將屬於您帳戶的預設 VPC。
**警告**
EC2-Classic 在 2022 年 8 月 15 日淘汰。建議您從 EC2-Classic 遷移至 VPC。如需詳細資訊，請參閱部落格文章 [EC2-Classic Networking 正在淘汰 – 以下是如何準備](https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/aws/ec2-classic-is-retiring-heres-how-to-prepare/)。
下列各節提供此範例的程式碼片段。之後會顯示[範例的完整程式碼](#create-sec-groups-complete-code)，並可依原樣建置和執行。
**Topics**
+ [尋找現有的安全群組](#create-sec-groups-find)
+ [建立安全群組](#create-sec-groups-enum)
+ [完成程式碼](#create-sec-groups-complete-code)
## 尋找現有的安全群組
下列程式碼片段會搜尋指定 VPC 中具有指定名稱的現有安全群組。
[本主題結尾](#create-sec-groups-complete-code)的範例顯示此程式碼片段正在使用中。
```
//
// Method to determine if a security group with the specified name
// already exists in the VPC
private static async Task> FindSecurityGroups(
IAmazonEC2 ec2Client, string groupName, string vpcID)
{
var request = new DescribeSecurityGroupsRequest();
request.Filters.Add(new Filter{
Name = "group-name",
Values = new List() { groupName }
});
if(!string.IsNullOrEmpty(vpcID))
request.Filters.Add(new Filter{
Name = "vpc-id",
Values = new List() { vpcID }
});
var response = await ec2Client.DescribeSecurityGroupsAsync(request);
return response.SecurityGroups;
}
```
## 建立安全群組
如果指定 VPC 中不存在具有該名稱的群組，以下程式碼片段會建立新的安全群組。如果未指定 VPC，且具有該名稱的一或多個群組存在，則程式碼片段只會傳回群組清單。
[本主題結尾](#create-sec-groups-complete-code)的範例顯示此程式碼片段正在使用中。
```
//
// Method to create a new security group (either EC2-Classic or EC2-VPC)
// If vpcID is empty, the security group will be for EC2-Classic
private static async Task> CreateSecurityGroup(
IAmazonEC2 ec2Client, string groupName, string vpcID)
{
// See if one or more security groups with that name
// already exist in the given VPC. If so, return the list of them.
var securityGroups = await FindSecurityGroups(ec2Client, groupName, vpcID);
if (securityGroups.Count > 0)
{
Console.WriteLine(
$"\nOne or more security groups with name {groupName} already exist.\n");
return securityGroups;
}
// If the security group doesn't already exists, create it.
var createRequest = new CreateSecurityGroupRequest{
GroupName = groupName
};
if(string.IsNullOrEmpty(vpcID))
{
createRequest.Description = "My .NET example security group for EC2-Classic";
}
else
{
createRequest.VpcId = vpcID;
createRequest.Description = "My .NET example security group for EC2-VPC";
}
CreateSecurityGroupResponse createResponse =
await ec2Client.CreateSecurityGroupAsync(createRequest);
// Return the new security group
DescribeSecurityGroupsResponse describeResponse =
await ec2Client.DescribeSecurityGroupsAsync(new DescribeSecurityGroupsRequest{
GroupIds = new List() { createResponse.GroupId }
});
return describeResponse.SecurityGroups;
}
```
## 完成程式碼
本節顯示此範例的相關參考和完整程式碼。
### 開發套件參考
NuGet 套件：
+ [AWSSDK.EC2](https://www.nuget.org/packages/AWSSDK.EC2)
程式設計元素：
+ 命名空間 [Amazon.EC2](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/NEC2.html)
[AmazonEC2Client](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TEC2Client.html) 類別
+ 命名空間 [Amazon.EC2.Model](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/NEC2Model.html)
類別 [CreateSecurityGroupRequest](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TCreateSecurityGroupRequest.html)
類別 [CreateSecurityGroupResponse](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TCreateSecurityGroupResponse.html)
類別 [DescribeSecurityGroupsRequest](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TDescribeSecurityGroupsRequest.html)
類別 [DescribeSecurityGroupsResponse](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TDescribeSecurityGroupsResponse.html)
類別[篩選條件 ](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TFilter.html)
類別 [SecurityGroup](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TSecurityGroup.html)
### 程式碼
```
using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Amazon.EC2;
using Amazon.EC2.Model;
namespace EC2CreateSecGroup
{
// = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
// Class to create a security group
class Program
{
private const int MaxArgs = 2;
static async Task Main(string[] args)
{
// Parse the command line and show help if necessary
var parsedArgs = CommandLine.Parse(args);
if(parsedArgs.Count == 0)
{
PrintHelp();
return;
}
if(parsedArgs.Count > MaxArgs)
CommandLine.ErrorExit("\nThe number of command-line arguments is incorrect." +
"\nRun the command with no arguments to see help.");
// Get the application arguments from the parsed list
var groupName = CommandLine.GetArgument(parsedArgs, null, "-g", "--group-name");
var vpcID = CommandLine.GetArgument(parsedArgs, null, "-v", "--vpc-id");
if(string.IsNullOrEmpty(groupName))
CommandLine.ErrorExit("\nYou must supply a name for the new group." +
"\nRun the command with no arguments to see help.");
if(!string.IsNullOrEmpty(vpcID) && !vpcID.StartsWith("vpc-"))
CommandLine.ErrorExit($"\nNot a valid VPC ID: {vpcID}");
// groupName has a value and vpcID either has a value or is null (which is fine)
// Create the new security group and display information about it
var securityGroups =
await CreateSecurityGroup(new AmazonEC2Client(), groupName, vpcID);
Console.WriteLine("Information about the security group(s):");
foreach(var group in securityGroups)
{
Console.WriteLine($"\nGroupName: {group.GroupName}");
Console.WriteLine($"GroupId: {group.GroupId}");
Console.WriteLine($"Description: {group.Description}");
Console.WriteLine($"VpcId (if any): {group.VpcId}");
}
}
//
// Method to create a new security group (either EC2-Classic or EC2-VPC)
// If vpcID is empty, the security group will be for EC2-Classic
private static async Task> CreateSecurityGroup(
IAmazonEC2 ec2Client, string groupName, string vpcID)
{
// See if one or more security groups with that name
// already exist in the given VPC. If so, return the list of them.
var securityGroups = await FindSecurityGroups(ec2Client, groupName, vpcID);
if (securityGroups.Count > 0)
{
Console.WriteLine(
$"\nOne or more security groups with name {groupName} already exist.\n");
return securityGroups;
}
// If the security group doesn't already exists, create it.
var createRequest = new CreateSecurityGroupRequest{
GroupName = groupName
};
if(string.IsNullOrEmpty(vpcID))
{
createRequest.Description = "Security group for .NET code example (no VPC specified)";
}
else
{
createRequest.VpcId = vpcID;
createRequest.Description = "Security group for .NET code example (VPC: " + vpcID + ")";
}
CreateSecurityGroupResponse createResponse =
await ec2Client.CreateSecurityGroupAsync(createRequest);
// Return the new security group
DescribeSecurityGroupsResponse describeResponse =
await ec2Client.DescribeSecurityGroupsAsync(new DescribeSecurityGroupsRequest{
GroupIds = new List() { createResponse.GroupId }
});
return describeResponse.SecurityGroups;
}
//
// Method to determine if a security group with the specified name
// already exists in the VPC
private static async Task> FindSecurityGroups(
IAmazonEC2 ec2Client, string groupName, string vpcID)
{
var request = new DescribeSecurityGroupsRequest();
request.Filters.Add(new Filter{
Name = "group-name",
Values = new List() { groupName }
});
if(!string.IsNullOrEmpty(vpcID))
request.Filters.Add(new Filter{
Name = "vpc-id",
Values = new List() { vpcID }
});
var response = await ec2Client.DescribeSecurityGroupsAsync(request);
return response.SecurityGroups;
}
//
// Command-line help
private static void PrintHelp()
{
Console.WriteLine(
"\nUsage: EC2CreateSecGroup -g [-v ]" +
"\n -g, --group-name: The name you would like the new security group to have." +
"\n -v, --vpc-id: The ID of a VPC to which the new security group will belong." +
"\n If vpc-id isn't present, the security group will be" +
"\n for EC2-Classic (if your AWS account supports this)" +
"\n or will use the default VCP for EC2-VPC.");
}
}
// = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
// Class that represents a command line on the console or terminal.
// (This is the same for all examples. When you have seen it once, you can ignore it.)
static class CommandLine
{
//
// Method to parse a command line of the form: "--key value" or "-k value".
//
// Parameters:
// - args: The command-line arguments passed into the application by the system.
//
// Returns:
// A Dictionary with string Keys and Values.
//
// If a key is found without a matching value, Dictionary.Value is set to the key
// (including the dashes).
// If a value is found without a matching key, Dictionary.Key is set to "--NoKeyN",
// where "N" represents sequential numbers.
public static Dictionary Parse(string[] args)
{
var parsedArgs = new Dictionary();
int i = 0, n = 0;
while(i < args.Length)
{
// If the first argument in this iteration starts with a dash it's an option.
if(args[i].StartsWith("-"))
{
var key = args[i++];
var value = key;
// Check to see if there's a value that goes with this option?
if((i < args.Length) && (!args[i].StartsWith("-"))) value = args[i++];
parsedArgs.Add(key, value);
}
// If the first argument in this iteration doesn't start with a dash, it's a value
else
{
parsedArgs.Add("--NoKey" + n.ToString(), args[i++]);
n++;
}
}
return parsedArgs;
}
//
// Method to get an argument from the parsed command-line arguments
//
// Parameters:
// - parsedArgs: The Dictionary object returned from the Parse() method (shown above).
// - defaultValue: The default string to return if the specified key isn't in parsedArgs.
// - keys: An array of keys to look for in parsedArgs.
public static string GetArgument(
Dictionary parsedArgs, string defaultReturn, params string[] keys)
{
string retval = null;
foreach(var key in keys)
if(parsedArgs.TryGetValue(key, out retval)) break;
return retval ?? defaultReturn;
}
//
// Method to exit the application with an error.
public static void ErrorExit(string msg, int code=1)
{
Console.WriteLine("\nError");
Console.WriteLine(msg);
Environment.Exit(code);
}
}
}
```
# 更新安全群組
此範例說明如何使用 適用於 .NET 的 AWS SDK 將規則新增至安全群組。特別是，此範例會新增規則，以允許特定 TCP 連接埠上的傳入流量，例如用於 EC2 執行個體的遠端連線。應用程式會取得現有安全群組的 ID、CIDR 格式的 IP 地址 （或地址範圍），以及選用的 TCP 連接埠號碼。然後，它會將傳入規則新增至指定的安全群組。
**注意**
若要使用此範例，您需要 CIDR 格式的 IP 地址 （或地址範圍）。如需取得本機電腦 IP 地址的方法，請參閱本主題結尾**的其他考量**事項。
下列各節提供此範例的程式碼片段。之後會顯示[範例的完整程式碼](#authorize-ingress-complete-code)，並可依原樣建置和執行。
**Topics**
+ [新增傳入規則](#authorize-ingress-add-rule)
+ [完成程式碼](#authorize-ingress-complete-code)
+ [其他考量](#authorize-ingress-additional)
## 新增傳入規則
下列程式碼片段會將傳入規則新增至特定 IP 地址 （或範圍） 和 TCP 連接埠的安全群組。
[本主題結尾](#authorize-ingress-complete-code)的範例顯示此程式碼片段正在使用中。
```
//
// Method that adds a TCP ingress rule to a security group
private static async Task AddIngressRule(
IAmazonEC2 eC2Client, string groupID, string ipAddress, int port)
{
// Create an object to hold the request information for the rule.
// It uses an IpPermission object to hold the IP information for the rule.
var ingressRequest = new AuthorizeSecurityGroupIngressRequest{
GroupId = groupID};
ingressRequest.IpPermissions.Add(new IpPermission{
IpProtocol = "tcp",
FromPort = port,
ToPort = port,
Ipv4Ranges = new List() { new IpRange { CidrIp = ipAddress } }
});
// Create the inbound rule for the security group
AuthorizeSecurityGroupIngressResponse responseIngress =
await eC2Client.AuthorizeSecurityGroupIngressAsync(ingressRequest);
Console.WriteLine($"\nNew RDP rule was written in {groupID} for {ipAddress}.");
Console.WriteLine($"Result: {responseIngress.HttpStatusCode}");
}
```
## 完成程式碼
本節顯示此範例的相關參考和完整程式碼。
### 開發套件參考
NuGet 套件：
+ [AWSSDK.EC2](https://www.nuget.org/packages/AWSSDK.EC2)
程式設計元素：
+ 命名空間 [Amazon.EC2](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/NEC2.html)
[AmazonEC2Client](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TEC2Client.html) 類別
+ 命名空間 [Amazon.EC2.Model](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/NEC2Model.html)
類別 [AuthorizeSecurityGroupIngressRequest](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TAuthorizeSecurityGroupIngressRequest.html)
類別 [AuthorizeSecurityGroupIngressResponse](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TAuthorizeSecurityGroupIngressResponse.html)
類別 [IpPermission](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TIpPermission.html)
類別 [IpRange](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TIpRange.html)
### 程式碼
```
using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Amazon.EC2;
using Amazon.EC2.Model;
namespace EC2AddRuleForRDP
{
// = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
// Class to add a rule that allows inbound traffic on TCP a port
class Program
{
private const int DefaultPort = 3389;
static async Task Main(string[] args)
{
// Parse the command line and show help if necessary
var parsedArgs = CommandLine.Parse(args);
if(parsedArgs.Count == 0)
{
PrintHelp();
return;
}
// Get the application arguments from the parsed list
var groupID = CommandLine.GetArgument(parsedArgs, null, "-g", "--group-id");
var ipAddress = CommandLine.GetArgument(parsedArgs, null, "-i", "--ip-address");
var portStr = CommandLine.GetArgument(parsedArgs, DefaultPort.ToString(), "-p", "--port");
if(string.IsNullOrEmpty(ipAddress))
CommandLine.ErrorExit("\nYou must supply an IP address in CIDR format.");
if(string.IsNullOrEmpty(groupID) || !groupID.StartsWith("sg-"))
CommandLine.ErrorExit("\nThe ID for a security group is missing or incorrect.");
if(int.Parse(portStr) == 0)
CommandLine.ErrorExit($"\nThe given TCP port number, {portStr}, isn't allowed.");
// Add a rule to the given security group that allows
// inbound traffic on a TCP port
await AddIngressRule(
new AmazonEC2Client(), groupID, ipAddress, int.Parse(portStr));
}
//
// Method that adds a TCP ingress rule to a security group
private static async Task AddIngressRule(
IAmazonEC2 eC2Client, string groupID, string ipAddress, int port)
{
// Create an object to hold the request information for the rule.
// It uses an IpPermission object to hold the IP information for the rule.
var ingressRequest = new AuthorizeSecurityGroupIngressRequest{
GroupId = groupID};
ingressRequest.IpPermissions.Add(new IpPermission{
IpProtocol = "tcp",
FromPort = port,
ToPort = port,
Ipv4Ranges = new List() { new IpRange { CidrIp = ipAddress } }
});
// Create the inbound rule for the security group
AuthorizeSecurityGroupIngressResponse responseIngress =
await eC2Client.AuthorizeSecurityGroupIngressAsync(ingressRequest);
Console.WriteLine($"\nNew RDP rule was written in {groupID} for {ipAddress}.");
Console.WriteLine($"Result: {responseIngress.HttpStatusCode}");
}
//
// Command-line help
private static void PrintHelp()
{
Console.WriteLine(
"\nUsage: EC2AddRuleForRDP -g -i [-p ]" +
"\n -g, --group-id: The ID of the security group to which you want to add the inbound rule." +
"\n -i, --ip-address: An IP address or address range in CIDR format." +
"\n -p, --port: The TCP port number. Defaults to 3389.");
}
}
// = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
// Class that represents a command line on the console or terminal.
// (This is the same for all examples. When you have seen it once, you can ignore it.)
static class CommandLine
{
//
// Method to parse a command line of the form: "--key value" or "-k value".
//
// Parameters:
// - args: The command-line arguments passed into the application by the system.
//
// Returns:
// A Dictionary with string Keys and Values.
//
// If a key is found without a matching value, Dictionary.Value is set to the key
// (including the dashes).
// If a value is found without a matching key, Dictionary.Key is set to "--NoKeyN",
// where "N" represents sequential numbers.
public static Dictionary Parse(string[] args)
{
var parsedArgs = new Dictionary();
int i = 0, n = 0;
while(i < args.Length)
{
// If the first argument in this iteration starts with a dash it's an option.
if(args[i].StartsWith("-"))
{
var key = args[i++];
var value = key;
// Check to see if there's a value that goes with this option?
if((i < args.Length) && (!args[i].StartsWith("-"))) value = args[i++];
parsedArgs.Add(key, value);
}
// If the first argument in this iteration doesn't start with a dash, it's a value
else
{
parsedArgs.Add("--NoKey" + n.ToString(), args[i++]);
n++;
}
}
return parsedArgs;
}
//
// Method to get an argument from the parsed command-line arguments
//
// Parameters:
// - parsedArgs: The Dictionary object returned from the Parse() method (shown above).
// - defaultValue: The default string to return if the specified key isn't in parsedArgs.
// - keys: An array of keys to look for in parsedArgs.
public static string GetArgument(
Dictionary parsedArgs, string defaultReturn, params string[] keys)
{
string retval = null;
foreach(var key in keys)
if(parsedArgs.TryGetValue(key, out retval)) break;
return retval ?? defaultReturn;
}
//
// Method to exit the application with an error.
public static void ErrorExit(string msg, int code=1)
{
Console.WriteLine("\nError");
Console.WriteLine(msg);
Environment.Exit(code);
}
}
}
```
## 其他考量
+ 如果您未提供連接埠號碼，應用程式會預設為連接埠 3389。這是 Windows RDP 的連接埠，可讓您連線至執行 Windows 的 EC2 執行個體。如果您要啟動執行 Linux 的 EC2 執行個體，您可以改用 TCP 連接埠 22 (SSH)。
+ 請注意，範例`IpProtocol`設定為 "tcp"。您可以在 [IpPermission](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TIpPermission.html) 類別`IpProtocol`屬性的描述`IpProtocol`中找到 的值。
+ 當您使用此範例時，您可能想要本機電腦的 IP 地址。以下是您可以取得地址的一些方式。
+ 如果您的本機電腦 （您將從中連線到 EC2 執行個體） 具有靜態公有 IP 地址，您可以使用 服務來取得該地址。這類服務之一是 https：//[http://checkip.amazonaws.com/](http://checkip.amazonaws.com/)。若要進一步了解授權傳入流量，請參閱《[Amazon EC2 使用者指南](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/)》中的[將規則新增至安全群組](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/working-with-security-groups.html#adding-security-group-rule)和[不同使用案例的安全群組規則](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/security-group-rules-reference.html)。
+ 取得本機電腦 IP 地址的另一種方法是使用 [Amazon EC2 主控台](https://console.aws.amazon.com/ec2/v2/home#SecurityGroups)。
選取其中一個安全群組，選取**傳入規則**索引標籤，然後選擇**編輯傳入規則**。在傳入規則中，開啟**來源**欄中的下拉式功能表，然後選擇**我的 IP**，以 CIDR 格式查看本機電腦的 IP 地址。請務必**取消**操作。
+ 您可以在 [Amazon EC2 主控台](https://console.aws.amazon.com/ec2/v2/home#SecurityGroups)中檢查安全群組清單，以驗證此範例的結果。
# 使用 Amazon EC2 金鑰對
Amazon EC2 使用公有金鑰加密法將登入資訊進行加密及解密。公有金鑰密碼編譯使用公有金鑰來加密資料，然後收件人使用私有金鑰來解密資料。公有金鑰和私有金鑰稱為金鑰對。如果您想要登入 EC2 執行個體，您必須在啟動時指定金鑰對，然後在連線時提供該對的私有金鑰。
當您啟動 EC2 執行個體時，您可以為其建立金鑰對，或使用您在啟動其他執行個體時已使用的金鑰對。若要進一步了解 Amazon EC2 金鑰對，請參閱《[Amazon EC2 使用者指南》中的使用 Amazon EC2 金鑰對](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/ec2-key-pairs.html)。 [Amazon EC2 ](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/)
如需 APIs和先決條件的相關資訊，請參閱父區段 ([使用 Amazon EC2](ec2-apis-intro.md))。
**Topics**
+ [建立和顯示金鑰對](create-save-key-pair.md)
+ [刪除金鑰對](delete-key-pairs.md)
# 建立和顯示金鑰對
此範例說明如何使用 適用於 .NET 的 AWS SDK 來建立金鑰對。應用程式會取得新金鑰對的名稱和 PEM 檔案的名稱 （副檔名為 ".pem")。它會建立金鑰對、將私有金鑰寫入 PEM 檔案，然後顯示所有可用的金鑰對。如果您不提供命令列引數，應用程式只會顯示所有可用的金鑰對。
下列各節提供此範例的程式碼片段。之後會顯示[範例的完整程式碼](#create-save-key-pair-complete-code)，並可依原樣建置和執行。
**Topics**
+ [建立金鑰對](#create-save-key-pair-create)
+ [顯示可用的金鑰對](#create-save-key-pair-display)
+ [完成程式碼](#create-save-key-pair-complete-code)
+ [其他考量](#create-save-key-pair-additional)
## 建立金鑰對
下列程式碼片段會建立金鑰對，然後將私有金鑰儲存到指定的 PEM 檔案。
[本主題結尾](#create-save-key-pair-complete-code)的範例顯示此程式碼片段正在使用中。
```
//
// Method to create a key pair and save the key material in a PEM file
private static async Task CreateKeyPair(
IAmazonEC2 ec2Client, string keyPairName, string pemFileName)
{
// Create the key pair
CreateKeyPairResponse response =
await ec2Client.CreateKeyPairAsync(new CreateKeyPairRequest{
KeyName = keyPairName
});
Console.WriteLine($"\nCreated new key pair: {response.KeyPair.KeyName}");
// Save the private key in a PEM file
using (var s = new FileStream(pemFileName, FileMode.Create))
using (var writer = new StreamWriter(s))
{
writer.WriteLine(response.KeyPair.KeyMaterial);
}
}
```
## 顯示可用的金鑰對
下列程式碼片段會顯示可用金鑰對的清單。
[本主題結尾](#create-save-key-pair-complete-code)的範例顯示此程式碼片段正在使用中。
```
//
// Method to show the key pairs that are available
private static async Task EnumerateKeyPairs(IAmazonEC2 ec2Client)
{
DescribeKeyPairsResponse response = await ec2Client.DescribeKeyPairsAsync();
Console.WriteLine("Available key pairs:");
foreach (KeyPairInfo item in response.KeyPairs)
Console.WriteLine($" {item.KeyName}");
}
```
## 完成程式碼
本節顯示此範例的相關參考和完整程式碼。
### 開發套件參考
NuGet 套件：
+ [AWSSDK.EC2](https://www.nuget.org/packages/AWSSDK.EC2)
程式設計元素：
+ 命名空間 [Amazon.EC2](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/NEC2.html)
[AmazonEC2Client](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TEC2Client.html) 類別
+ 命名空間 [Amazon.EC2.Model](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/NEC2Model.html)
類別 [CreateKeyPairRequest](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TCreateKeyPairRequest.html)
類別 [CreateKeyPairResponse](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TCreateKeyPairResponse.html)
類別 [DescribeKeyPairsResponse](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TDescribeKeyPairsResponse.html)
類別 [KeyPairInfo](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TKeyPairInfo.html)
### 程式碼
```
using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.IO;
using Amazon.EC2;
using Amazon.EC2.Model;
using System.Collections.Generic;
namespace EC2CreateKeyPair
{
// = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
// Class to create and store a key pair
class Program
{
static async Task Main(string[] args)
{
// Create the EC2 client
var ec2Client = new AmazonEC2Client();
// Parse the command line and show help if necessary
var parsedArgs = CommandLine.Parse(args);
if(parsedArgs.Count == 0)
{
// In the case of no command-line arguments,
// just show help and the existing key pairs
PrintHelp();
Console.WriteLine("\nNo arguments specified.");
Console.Write(
"Do you want to see a list of the existing key pairs? ((y) or n): ");
string response = Console.ReadLine();
if((string.IsNullOrEmpty(response)) || (response.ToLower() == "y"))
await EnumerateKeyPairs(ec2Client);
return;
}
// Get the application arguments from the parsed list
string keyPairName =
CommandLine.GetArgument(parsedArgs, null, "-k", "--keypair-name");
string pemFileName =
CommandLine.GetArgument(parsedArgs, null, "-p", "--pem-filename");
if(string.IsNullOrEmpty(keyPairName))
CommandLine.ErrorExit("\nNo key pair name specified." +
"\nRun the command with no arguments to see help.");
if(string.IsNullOrEmpty(pemFileName) || !pemFileName.EndsWith(".pem"))
CommandLine.ErrorExit("\nThe PEM filename is missing or incorrect." +
"\nRun the command with no arguments to see help.");
// Create the key pair
await CreateKeyPair(ec2Client, keyPairName, pemFileName);
await EnumerateKeyPairs(ec2Client);
}
//
// Method to create a key pair and save the key material in a PEM file
private static async Task CreateKeyPair(
IAmazonEC2 ec2Client, string keyPairName, string pemFileName)
{
// Create the key pair
CreateKeyPairResponse response =
await ec2Client.CreateKeyPairAsync(new CreateKeyPairRequest{
KeyName = keyPairName
});
Console.WriteLine($"\nCreated new key pair: {response.KeyPair.KeyName}");
// Save the private key in a PEM file
using (var s = new FileStream(pemFileName, FileMode.Create))
using (var writer = new StreamWriter(s))
{
writer.WriteLine(response.KeyPair.KeyMaterial);
}
}
//
// Method to show the key pairs that are available
private static async Task EnumerateKeyPairs(IAmazonEC2 ec2Client)
{
DescribeKeyPairsResponse response = await ec2Client.DescribeKeyPairsAsync();
Console.WriteLine("Available key pairs:");
foreach (KeyPairInfo item in response.KeyPairs)
Console.WriteLine($" {item.KeyName}");
}
//
// Command-line help
private static void PrintHelp()
{
Console.WriteLine(
"\nUsage: EC2CreateKeyPair -k -p " +
"\n -k, --keypair-name: The name you want to assign to the key pair." +
"\n -p, --pem-filename: The name of the PEM file to create, with a \".pem\" extension.");
}
}
// = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
// Class that represents a command line on the console or terminal.
// (This is the same for all examples. When you have seen it once, you can ignore it.)
static class CommandLine
{
//
// Method to parse a command line of the form: "--key value" or "-k value".
//
// Parameters:
// - args: The command-line arguments passed into the application by the system.
//
// Returns:
// A Dictionary with string Keys and Values.
//
// If a key is found without a matching value, Dictionary.Value is set to the key
// (including the dashes).
// If a value is found without a matching key, Dictionary.Key is set to "--NoKeyN",
// where "N" represents sequential numbers.
public static Dictionary Parse(string[] args)
{
var parsedArgs = new Dictionary();
int i = 0, n = 0;
while(i < args.Length)
{
// If the first argument in this iteration starts with a dash it's an option.
if(args[i].StartsWith("-"))
{
var key = args[i++];
var value = key;
// Check to see if there's a value that goes with this option?
if((i < args.Length) && (!args[i].StartsWith("-"))) value = args[i++];
parsedArgs.Add(key, value);
}
// If the first argument in this iteration doesn't start with a dash, it's a value
else
{
parsedArgs.Add("--NoKey" + n.ToString(), args[i++]);
n++;
}
}
return parsedArgs;
}
//
// Method to get an argument from the parsed command-line arguments
//
// Parameters:
// - parsedArgs: The Dictionary object returned from the Parse() method (shown above).
// - defaultValue: The default string to return if the specified key isn't in parsedArgs.
// - keys: An array of keys to look for in parsedArgs.
public static string GetArgument(
Dictionary parsedArgs, string defaultReturn, params string[] keys)
{
string retval = null;
foreach(var key in keys)
if(parsedArgs.TryGetValue(key, out retval)) break;
return retval ?? defaultReturn;
}
//
// Method to exit the application with an error.
public static void ErrorExit(string msg, int code=1)
{
Console.WriteLine("\nError");
Console.WriteLine(msg);
Environment.Exit(code);
}
}
}
```
## 其他考量
+ 執行範例後，您可以在 [Amazon EC2 主控台](https://console.aws.amazon.com/ec2/#KeyPairs)中看到新的金鑰對。
+ 建立金鑰對時，您必須儲存傳回的私有金鑰，因為您稍後無法擷取私有金鑰。
# 刪除金鑰對
此範例說明如何使用 適用於 .NET 的 AWS SDK 刪除金鑰對。應用程式會取得金鑰對的名稱。它會刪除金鑰對，然後顯示所有可用的金鑰對。如果您不提供命令列引數，應用程式只會顯示所有可用的金鑰對。
下列各節提供此範例的程式碼片段。之後會顯示[範例的完整程式碼](#delete-key-pairs-complete-code)，並可依原樣建置和執行。
**Topics**
+ [刪除金鑰對](#delete-key-pairs-create)
+ [顯示可用的金鑰對](#delete-key-pairs-display)
+ [完成程式碼](#delete-key-pairs-complete-code)
## 刪除金鑰對
下列程式碼片段會刪除金鑰對。
[本主題結尾](#delete-key-pairs-complete-code)的範例顯示此程式碼片段正在使用中。
```
//
// Method to delete a key pair
private static async Task DeleteKeyPair(IAmazonEC2 ec2Client, string keyName)
{
await ec2Client.DeleteKeyPairAsync(new DeleteKeyPairRequest{
KeyName = keyName});
Console.WriteLine($"\nKey pair {keyName} has been deleted (if it existed).");
}
```
## 顯示可用的金鑰對
下列程式碼片段會顯示可用金鑰對的清單。
[本主題結尾](#delete-key-pairs-complete-code)的範例顯示此程式碼片段正在使用中。
```
//
// Method to show the key pairs that are available
private static async Task EnumerateKeyPairs(IAmazonEC2 ec2Client)
{
DescribeKeyPairsResponse response = await ec2Client.DescribeKeyPairsAsync();
Console.WriteLine("Available key pairs:");
foreach (KeyPairInfo item in response.KeyPairs)
Console.WriteLine($" {item.KeyName}");
}
```
## 完成程式碼
本節顯示此範例的相關參考和完整程式碼。
### 開發套件參考
NuGet 套件：
+ [AWSSDK.EC2](https://www.nuget.org/packages/AWSSDK.EC2)
程式設計元素：
+ 命名空間 [Amazon.EC2](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/NEC2.html)
[AmazonEC2Client](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TEC2Client.html) 類別
+ 命名空間 [Amazon.EC2.Model](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/NEC2Model.html)
類別 [https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/)
類別 [DescribeKeyPairsResponse](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TDescribeKeyPairsResponse.html)
類別 [KeyPairInfo](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TKeyPairInfo.html)
### 程式碼
```
using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Amazon.EC2;
using Amazon.EC2.Model;
namespace EC2DeleteKeyPair
{
class Program
{
static async Task Main(string[] args)
{
// Create the EC2 client
var ec2Client = new AmazonEC2Client();
if(args.Length == 1)
{
// Delete a key pair (if it exists)
await DeleteKeyPair(ec2Client, args[0]);
// Display the key pairs that are left
await EnumerateKeyPairs(ec2Client);
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("\nUsage: EC2DeleteKeyPair keypair-name");
Console.WriteLine(" keypair-name - The name of the key pair you want to delete.");
Console.WriteLine("\nNo arguments specified.");
Console.Write(
"Do you want to see a list of the existing key pairs? ((y) or n): ");
string response = Console.ReadLine();
if((string.IsNullOrEmpty(response)) || (response.ToLower() == "y"))
await EnumerateKeyPairs(ec2Client);
}
}
//
// Method to delete a key pair
private static async Task DeleteKeyPair(IAmazonEC2 ec2Client, string keyName)
{
await ec2Client.DeleteKeyPairAsync(new DeleteKeyPairRequest{
KeyName = keyName});
Console.WriteLine($"\nKey pair {keyName} has been deleted (if it existed).");
}
//
// Method to show the key pairs that are available
private static async Task EnumerateKeyPairs(IAmazonEC2 ec2Client)
{
DescribeKeyPairsResponse response = await ec2Client.DescribeKeyPairsAsync();
Console.WriteLine("Available key pairs:");
foreach (KeyPairInfo item in response.KeyPairs)
Console.WriteLine($" {item.KeyName}");
}
}
}
```
# 查看您的 Amazon EC2 區域和可用區域
Amazon EC2 託管於全球多個位置。這些地點是由 區域及可用區域組成。每個區域都是獨立的地理區域，具有多個隔離的位置，稱為可用區域。
若要進一步了解區域和可用區域，請參閱《[Amazon EC2 使用者指南](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/)》中的[區域和區域](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/using-regions-availability-zones.html)。
此範例說明如何使用 適用於 .NET 的 AWS SDK 來取得與 EC2 用戶端相關的區域和可用區域的詳細資訊。應用程式會顯示 EC2 用戶端可用的區域和可用區域的清單。
## 開發套件參考
NuGet 套件：
+ [AWSSDK.EC2](https://www.nuget.org/packages/AWSSDK.EC2)
程式設計元素：
+ 命名空間 [Amazon.EC2](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/NEC2.html)
[AmazonEC2Client](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TEC2Client.html) 類別
+ 命名空間 [Amazon.EC2.Model](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/NEC2Model.html)
類別 [DescribeAvailabilityZonesResponse](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TDescribeAvailabilityZonesResponse.html)
類別 [DescribeRegionsResponse](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TDescribeRegionsResponse.html)
類別[AvailabilityZone](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TAvailabilityZone.html)
類別[區域](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TRegion.html)
```
using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Amazon.EC2;
using Amazon.EC2.Model;
namespace EC2RegionsAndZones
{
class Program
{
static async Task Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine(
"Finding the Regions and Availability Zones available to an EC2 client...");
// Create the EC2 client
var ec2Client = new AmazonEC2Client();
// Display the Regions and Availability Zones
await DescribeRegions(ec2Client);
await DescribeAvailabilityZones(ec2Client);
}
//
// Method to display Regions
private static async Task DescribeRegions(IAmazonEC2 ec2Client)
{
Console.WriteLine("\nRegions that are enabled for the EC2 client:");
DescribeRegionsResponse response = await ec2Client.DescribeRegionsAsync();
foreach (Region region in response.Regions)
Console.WriteLine(region.RegionName);
}
//
// Method to display Availability Zones
private static async Task DescribeAvailabilityZones(IAmazonEC2 ec2Client)
{
Console.WriteLine("\nAvailability Zones for the EC2 client's region:");
DescribeAvailabilityZonesResponse response =
await ec2Client.DescribeAvailabilityZonesAsync();
foreach (AvailabilityZone az in response.AvailabilityZones)
Console.WriteLine(az.ZoneName);
}
}
}
```
# 使用 Amazon EC2 執行個體
您可以使用 透過建立、啟動和終止等操作 適用於 .NET 的 AWS SDK 來控制 Amazon EC2 執行個體。本節中的主題提供一些如何執行此操作的範例。若要進一步了解 EC2 執行個體，請參閱《[Amazon EC2 使用者指南》中的 Amazon EC2 執行個體](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/Instances.html)。 [Amazon EC2 ](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/)
如需 APIs和先決條件的相關資訊，請參閱父區段 ([使用 Amazon EC2](ec2-apis-intro.md))。
**Topics**
+ [啟動 EC2 執行個體](run-instance.md)
+ [終止 EC2 執行個體](terminate-instance.md)
# 啟動 Amazon EC2 執行個體
此範例說明如何使用 適用於 .NET 的 AWS SDK ，從相同的 Amazon Machine Image (AMI) 啟動一或多個設定相同的 Amazon EC2 執行個體。使用您提供的[數個輸入](#run-instance-gather)，應用程式會啟動 EC2 執行個體，然後監控執行個體，直到其處於「待定」狀態為止。
當 EC2 執行個體執行時，您可以遠端連線到它，如中所述[（選用） 連線至執行個體](#connect-to-instance)。
**警告**
EC2-Classic 在 2022 年 8 月 15 日淘汰。建議您從 EC2-Classic 遷移至 VPC。如需詳細資訊，請參閱部落格文章 [EC2-Classic Networking 正在淘汰 – 以下是如何準備](https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/aws/ec2-classic-is-retiring-heres-how-to-prepare/)。
下列各節提供此範例的程式碼片段和其他資訊。[範例的完整程式碼](#run-instance-complete-code)會顯示在程式碼片段之後，並可依原樣建置和執行。
**Topics**
+ [收集您需要的內容](#run-instance-gather)
+ [啟動執行個體](#run-instance-launch)
+ [監控執行個體](#run-instance-monitor)
+ [完成程式碼](#run-instance-complete-code)
+ [其他考量](#run-instance-additional)
+ [（選用） 連線至執行個體](#connect-to-instance)
+ [清除](#run-instance-cleanup)
## 收集您需要的內容
若要啟動 EC2 執行個體，您需要幾件事。
+ 將啟動執行個體的 [VPC](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/vpc/latest/userguide/)。如果它是 Windows 執行個體，而且您將透過 RDP 連接到它，VPC 很可能需要連接網際網路閘道，以及路由表中網際網路閘道的項目。如需詳細資訊，請參閱《Amazon VPC 使用者指南》**中的[網際網路閘道](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/vpc/latest/userguide/VPC_Internet_Gateway.html)。
+ 要啟動執行個體之 VPC 中現有子網路的 ID。尋找或建立此項目的簡單方法是登入 [Amazon VPC 主控台](https://console.aws.amazon.com/vpc/home#subnets)，但您也可以使用 [CreateSubnetAsync](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/MEC2CreateSubnetAsyncCreateSubnetRequestCancellationToken.html) 和 [DescribeSubnetsAsync](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/MEC2DescribeSubnetsAsyncDescribeSubnetsRequestCancellationToken.html) 方法，以程式設計方式取得。
**注意**
如果您未提供此參數，新的執行個體會在您帳戶的預設 VPC 中啟動。
+ 屬於要啟動執行個體之 VPC 的現有安全群組 ID。如需詳細資訊，請參閱[在 Amazon EC2 中使用安全群組](security-groups.md)。
+ 如果您想要連線到新的執行個體，先前提及的安全群組必須具有適當的傳入規則，允許連接埠 22 (Linux 執行個體） 上的 SSH 流量或連接埠 3389 (Windows 執行個體） 上的 RDP 流量。如需如何執行此操作的詳細資訊，請參閱 [更新安全群組](authorize-ingress.md)，包括該主題[其他考量](authorize-ingress.md#authorize-ingress-additional)接近結尾的 。
+ 將用於建立執行個體的 Amazon Machine Image (AMI)。如需 AMIs的相關資訊，請參閱《[Amazon EC2 使用者指南》中的 Amazon Machine Image (AMIs)](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/AMIs.html)。 [Amazon EC2 ](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/) 特別是，請參閱[尋找 AMI](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/finding-an-ami.html) 和[共用 AMIs](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/sharing-amis.html)。
+ 現有 EC2 金鑰對的名稱，用於連線至新執行個體。如需詳細資訊，請參閱[使用 Amazon EC2 金鑰對](key-pairs.md)。
+ 包含先前提及之 EC2 金鑰對私有金鑰的 PEM 檔案名稱。當您[從遠端連線至](#connect-to-instance)執行個體時，會使用 PEM 檔案。
## 啟動執行個體
下列程式碼片段會啟動 EC2 執行個體。
本[主題結尾附近](#run-instance-complete-code)的範例顯示此程式碼片段的使用中。
```
//
// Method to launch the instances
// Returns a list with the launched instance IDs
private static async Task> LaunchInstances(
IAmazonEC2 ec2Client, RunInstancesRequest requestLaunch)
{
var instanceIds = new List();
RunInstancesResponse responseLaunch =
await ec2Client.RunInstancesAsync(requestLaunch);
Console.WriteLine("\nNew instances have been created.");
foreach (Instance item in responseLaunch.Reservation.Instances)
{
instanceIds.Add(item.InstanceId);
Console.WriteLine($" New instance: {item.InstanceId}");
}
return instanceIds;
}
```
## 監控執行個體
下列程式碼片段會監控執行個體，直到其處於「待定」狀態為止。
本[主題結尾附近](#run-instance-complete-code)的範例顯示此程式碼片段正在使用中。
如需 `Instance.State.Code` 屬性的有效值，請參閱 [InstanceState](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TInstanceState.html) 類別。
```
//
// Method to wait until the instances are running (or at least not pending)
private static async Task CheckState(IAmazonEC2 ec2Client, List instanceIds)
{
Console.WriteLine(
"\nWaiting for the instances to start." +
"\nPress any key to stop waiting. (Response might be slightly delayed.)");
int numberRunning;
DescribeInstancesResponse responseDescribe;
var requestDescribe = new DescribeInstancesRequest{
InstanceIds = instanceIds};
// Check every couple of seconds
int wait = 2000;
while(true)
{
// Get and check the status for each of the instances to see if it's past pending.
// Once all instances are past pending, break out.
// (For this example, we are assuming that there is only one reservation.)
Console.Write(".");
numberRunning = 0;
responseDescribe = await ec2Client.DescribeInstancesAsync(requestDescribe);
foreach(Instance i in responseDescribe.Reservations[0].Instances)
{
// Check the lower byte of State.Code property
// Code == 0 is the pending state
if((i.State.Code & 255) > 0) numberRunning++;
}
if(numberRunning == responseDescribe.Reservations[0].Instances.Count)
break;
// Wait a bit and try again (unless the user wants to stop waiting)
Thread.Sleep(wait);
if(Console.KeyAvailable)
break;
}
Console.WriteLine("\nNo more instances are pending.");
foreach(Instance i in responseDescribe.Reservations[0].Instances)
{
Console.WriteLine($"For {i.InstanceId}:");
Console.WriteLine($" VPC ID: {i.VpcId}");
Console.WriteLine($" Instance state: {i.State.Name}");
Console.WriteLine($" Public IP address: {i.PublicIpAddress}");
Console.WriteLine($" Public DNS name: {i.PublicDnsName}");
Console.WriteLine($" Key pair name: {i.KeyName}");
}
}
```
## 完成程式碼
本節顯示此範例的相關參考和完整程式碼。
### 開發套件參考
NuGet 套件：
+ [AWSSDK.EC2](https://www.nuget.org/packages/AWSSDK.EC2)
程式設計元素：
+ 命名空間 [Amazon.EC2](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/NEC2.html)
[AmazonEC2Client](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TEC2Client.html) 類別
類別 [InstanceType](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TInstanceType.html)
+ 命名空間 [Amazon.EC2.Model](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/NEC2Model.html)
類別 [DescribeInstancesRequest](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TDescribeInstancesRequest.html)
類別 [DescribeInstancesResponse](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TDescribeInstancesResponse.html)
類別[執行個體](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TInstance.html)
類別 [InstanceNetworkInterfaceSpecification](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TInstanceNetworkInterfaceSpecification.html)
類別 [RunInstancesRequest](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TRunInstancesRequest.html)
類別 [RunInstancesResponse](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TRunInstancesResponse.html)
### 程式碼
```
using System;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Amazon.EC2;
using Amazon.EC2.Model;
namespace EC2LaunchInstance
{
// = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
// Class to launch an EC2 instance
class Program
{
static async Task Main(string[] args)
{
// Parse the command line and show help if necessary
var parsedArgs = CommandLine.Parse(args);
if(parsedArgs.Count == 0)
{
PrintHelp();
return;
}
// Get the application arguments from the parsed list
string groupID =
CommandLine.GetArgument(parsedArgs, null, "-g", "--group-id");
string ami =
CommandLine.GetArgument(parsedArgs, null, "-a", "--ami-id");
string keyPairName =
CommandLine.GetArgument(parsedArgs, null, "-k", "--keypair-name");
string subnetID =
CommandLine.GetArgument(parsedArgs, null, "-s", "--subnet-id");
if( (string.IsNullOrEmpty(groupID) || !groupID.StartsWith("sg-"))
|| (string.IsNullOrEmpty(ami) || !ami.StartsWith("ami-"))
|| (string.IsNullOrEmpty(keyPairName))
|| (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(subnetID) && !subnetID.StartsWith("subnet-")))
CommandLine.ErrorExit(
"\nOne or more of the required arguments is missing or incorrect." +
"\nRun the command with no arguments to see help.");
// Create an EC2 client
var ec2Client = new AmazonEC2Client();
// Create an object with the necessary properties
RunInstancesRequest request = GetRequestData(groupID, ami, keyPairName, subnetID);
// Launch the instances and wait for them to start running
var instanceIds = await LaunchInstances(ec2Client, request);
await CheckState(ec2Client, instanceIds);
}
//
// Method to put together the properties needed to launch the instance.
private static RunInstancesRequest GetRequestData(
string groupID, string ami, string keyPairName, string subnetID)
{
// Common properties
var groupIDs = new List() { groupID };
var request = new RunInstancesRequest()
{
// The first three of these would be additional command-line arguments or similar.
InstanceType = InstanceType.T1Micro,
MinCount = 1,
MaxCount = 1,
ImageId = ami,
KeyName = keyPairName
};
// Properties specifically for EC2 in a VPC.
if(!string.IsNullOrEmpty(subnetID))
{
request.NetworkInterfaces =
new List() {
new InstanceNetworkInterfaceSpecification() {
DeviceIndex = 0,
SubnetId = subnetID,
Groups = groupIDs,
AssociatePublicIpAddress = true
}
};
}
// Properties specifically for EC2-Classic
else
{
request.SecurityGroupIds = groupIDs;
}
return request;
}
//
// Method to launch the instances
// Returns a list with the launched instance IDs
private static async Task> LaunchInstances(
IAmazonEC2 ec2Client, RunInstancesRequest requestLaunch)
{
var instanceIds = new List();
RunInstancesResponse responseLaunch =
await ec2Client.RunInstancesAsync(requestLaunch);
Console.WriteLine("\nNew instances have been created.");
foreach (Instance item in responseLaunch.Reservation.Instances)
{
instanceIds.Add(item.InstanceId);
Console.WriteLine($" New instance: {item.InstanceId}");
}
return instanceIds;
}
//
// Method to wait until the instances are running (or at least not pending)
private static async Task CheckState(IAmazonEC2 ec2Client, List instanceIds)
{
Console.WriteLine(
"\nWaiting for the instances to start." +
"\nPress any key to stop waiting. (Response might be slightly delayed.)");
int numberRunning;
DescribeInstancesResponse responseDescribe;
var requestDescribe = new DescribeInstancesRequest{
InstanceIds = instanceIds};
// Check every couple of seconds
int wait = 2000;
while(true)
{
// Get and check the status for each of the instances to see if it's past pending.
// Once all instances are past pending, break out.
// (For this example, we are assuming that there is only one reservation.)
Console.Write(".");
numberRunning = 0;
responseDescribe = await ec2Client.DescribeInstancesAsync(requestDescribe);
foreach(Instance i in responseDescribe.Reservations[0].Instances)
{
// Check the lower byte of State.Code property
// Code == 0 is the pending state
if((i.State.Code & 255) > 0) numberRunning++;
}
if(numberRunning == responseDescribe.Reservations[0].Instances.Count)
break;
// Wait a bit and try again (unless the user wants to stop waiting)
Thread.Sleep(wait);
if(Console.KeyAvailable)
break;
}
Console.WriteLine("\nNo more instances are pending.");
foreach(Instance i in responseDescribe.Reservations[0].Instances)
{
Console.WriteLine($"For {i.InstanceId}:");
Console.WriteLine($" VPC ID: {i.VpcId}");
Console.WriteLine($" Instance state: {i.State.Name}");
Console.WriteLine($" Public IP address: {i.PublicIpAddress}");
Console.WriteLine($" Public DNS name: {i.PublicDnsName}");
Console.WriteLine($" Key pair name: {i.KeyName}");
}
}
//
// Command-line help
private static void PrintHelp()
{
Console.WriteLine(
"\nUsage: EC2LaunchInstance -g -a -k [-s ]" +
"\n -g, --group-id: The ID of the security group." +
"\n -a, --ami-id: The ID of an Amazon Machine Image." +
"\n -k, --keypair-name - The name of a key pair." +
"\n -s, --subnet-id: The ID of a subnet. Required only for EC2 in a VPC.");
}
}
// = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
// Class that represents a command line on the console or terminal.
// (This is the same for all examples. When you have seen it once, you can ignore it.)
static class CommandLine
{
//
// Method to parse a command line of the form: "--key value" or "-k value".
//
// Parameters:
// - args: The command-line arguments passed into the application by the system.
//
// Returns:
// A Dictionary with string Keys and Values.
//
// If a key is found without a matching value, Dictionary.Value is set to the key
// (including the dashes).
// If a value is found without a matching key, Dictionary.Key is set to "--NoKeyN",
// where "N" represents sequential numbers.
public static Dictionary Parse(string[] args)
{
var parsedArgs = new Dictionary();
int i = 0, n = 0;
while(i < args.Length)
{
// If the first argument in this iteration starts with a dash it's an option.
if(args[i].StartsWith("-"))
{
var key = args[i++];
var value = key;
// Check to see if there's a value that goes with this option?
if((i < args.Length) && (!args[i].StartsWith("-"))) value = args[i++];
parsedArgs.Add(key, value);
}
// If the first argument in this iteration doesn't start with a dash, it's a value
else
{
parsedArgs.Add("--NoKey" + n.ToString(), args[i++]);
n++;
}
}
return parsedArgs;
}
//
// Method to get an argument from the parsed command-line arguments
//
// Parameters:
// - parsedArgs: The Dictionary object returned from the Parse() method (shown above).
// - defaultValue: The default string to return if the specified key isn't in parsedArgs.
// - keys: An array of keys to look for in parsedArgs.
public static string GetArgument(
Dictionary parsedArgs, string defaultReturn, params string[] keys)
{
string retval = null;
foreach(var key in keys)
if(parsedArgs.TryGetValue(key, out retval)) break;
return retval ?? defaultReturn;
}
//
// Method to exit the application with an error.
public static void ErrorExit(string msg, int code=1)
{
Console.WriteLine("\nError");
Console.WriteLine(msg);
Environment.Exit(code);
}
}
}
```
## 其他考量
+ 檢查 EC2 執行個體的狀態時，您可以將篩選條件新增至 [DescribeInstancesRequest](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TDescribeInstancesRequest.html) 物件的 `Filter` 屬性。使用此技術，您可以將請求限制為特定執行個體，例如具有特定使用者指定標籤的執行個體。
+ 為了簡潔起見，某些屬性被給予典型值。任何或所有這些屬性都可以透過程式設計方式或使用者輸入來決定。
+ 您可以用於 [RunInstancesRequest](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TRunInstancesRequest.html) 物件的 `MinCount`和 `MaxCount` 屬性的值取決於目標可用區域，以及執行個體類型允許的執行個體數量上限。如需詳細資訊，請參閱 [Amazon EC2 一般常見問答集中的我可以在 Amazon EC2 中執行多少執行個體](https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/faqs/#How_many_instances_can_I_run_in_Amazon_EC2)。 Amazon EC2
+ 如果您想要使用與此範例不同的執行個體類型，有數種執行個體類型可供選擇。如需詳細資訊，請參閱[《Amazon EC2 使用者指南》中的 Amazon EC2 執行個體類型](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/instance-types.html)。 [Amazon EC2 ](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/) 另請參閱[執行個體類型詳細資訊](https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/instance-types/)和[執行個體類型總](https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/instance-explorer/)管。
+ 您也可以在啟動執行個體時，將 [IAM 角色](net-dg-hosm.md)連接至執行個體。若要這樣做，請建立`Name`屬性設定為 IAM 角色名稱的 [IamInstanceProfileSpecification](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TIamInstanceProfileSpecification.html) 物件。然後將該物件新增至 [RunInstancesRequest](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TRunInstancesRequest.html) 物件的 `IamInstanceProfile` 屬性。
**注意**
若要啟動已連接 IAM 角色的 EC2 執行個體，IAM 使用者的組態必須包含特定許可。如需所需許可的詳細資訊，請參閱《[Amazon EC2 使用者指南](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/)》中的[授予使用者將 IAM 角色傳遞至執行個體的許可](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/iam-roles-for-amazon-ec2.html#permission-to-pass-iam-roles)。
## （選用） 連線至執行個體
執行個體執行後，您可以使用適當的遠端用戶端從遠端連線到它。對於 Linux 和 Windows 執行個體，您需要執行個體的公有 IP 地址或公有 DNS 名稱。您也需要下列項目。
**針對 Linux 執行個體**
您可以使用 SSH 用戶端連線到您的 Linux 執行個體。請確定您在啟動執行個體時使用的安全群組允許連接埠 22 上的 SSH 流量，如中所述[更新安全群組](authorize-ingress.md)。
您也需要用來啟動執行個體之金鑰對的私有部分，也就是 PEM 檔案。
如需詳細資訊，請參閱《Amazon EC2 使用者指南》中的[連線至 Linux 執行個體](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/connect-to-linux-instance.html)。
**對於 Windows 執行個體**
您可以使用 RDP 用戶端連線到執行個體。請確定您在啟動執行個體時使用的安全群組允許連接埠 3389 上的 RDP 流量，如中所述[更新安全群組](authorize-ingress.md)。
您也需要管理員密碼。您可以使用下列範例程式碼來取得此程式碼，該程式碼需要執行個體 ID 和用來啟動執行個體之金鑰對的私有部分，也就是 PEM 檔案。
如需詳細資訊，請參閱《Amazon EC2 使用者指南》中的[連線至 Windows 執行個體](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/connecting_to_windows_instance.html)。
**警告**
此範例程式碼會傳回執行個體的純文字管理員密碼。
### 開發套件參考
NuGet 套件：
+ [AWSSDK.EC2](https://www.nuget.org/packages/AWSSDK.EC2)
程式設計元素：
+ 命名空間 [Amazon.EC2](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/NEC2.html)
[AmazonEC2Client](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TEC2Client.html) 類別
+ 命名空間 [Amazon.EC2.Model](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/NEC2Model.html)
類別 [GetPasswordDataRequest](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TGetPasswordDataRequest.html)
類別 [GetPasswordDataResponse](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TGetPasswordDataResponse.html)
### 程式碼
```
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Amazon.EC2;
using Amazon.EC2.Model;
namespace EC2GetWindowsPassword
{
// = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
// Class to get the Administrator password of a Windows EC2 instance
class Program
{
static async Task Main(string[] args)
{
// Parse the command line and show help if necessary
var parsedArgs = CommandLine.Parse(args);
if(parsedArgs.Count == 0)
{
PrintHelp();
return;
}
// Get the application arguments from the parsed list
string instanceID =
CommandLine.GetArgument(parsedArgs, null, "-i", "--instance-id");
string pemFileName =
CommandLine.GetArgument(parsedArgs, null, "-p", "--pem-filename");
if( (string.IsNullOrEmpty(instanceID) || !instanceID.StartsWith("i-"))
|| (string.IsNullOrEmpty(pemFileName) || !pemFileName.EndsWith(".pem")))
CommandLine.ErrorExit(
"\nOne or more of the required arguments is missing or incorrect." +
"\nRun the command with no arguments to see help.");
// Create the EC2 client
var ec2Client = new AmazonEC2Client();
// Get and display the password
string password = await GetPassword(ec2Client, instanceID, pemFileName);
Console.WriteLine($"\nPassword: {password}");
}
//
// Method to get the administrator password of a Windows EC2 instance
private static async Task GetPassword(
IAmazonEC2 ec2Client, string instanceID, string pemFilename)
{
string password = string.Empty;
GetPasswordDataResponse response =
await ec2Client.GetPasswordDataAsync(new GetPasswordDataRequest{
InstanceId = instanceID});
if(response.PasswordData != null)
{
password = response.GetDecryptedPassword(File.ReadAllText(pemFilename));
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine($"\nThe password is not available for instance {instanceID}.");
Console.WriteLine($"If this is a Windows instance, the password might not be ready.");
}
return password;
}
//
// Command-line help
private static void PrintHelp()
{
Console.WriteLine(
"\nUsage: EC2GetWindowsPassword -i -p pem-filename" +
"\n -i, --instance-id: The name of the EC2 instance." +
"\n -p, --pem-filename: The name of the PEM file with the private key.");
}
}
// = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
// Class that represents a command line on the console or terminal.
// (This is the same for all examples. When you have seen it once, you can ignore it.)
static class CommandLine
{
//
// Method to parse a command line of the form: "--key value" or "-k value".
//
// Parameters:
// - args: The command-line arguments passed into the application by the system.
//
// Returns:
// A Dictionary with string Keys and Values.
//
// If a key is found without a matching value, Dictionary.Value is set to the key
// (including the dashes).
// If a value is found without a matching key, Dictionary.Key is set to "--NoKeyN",
// where "N" represents sequential numbers.
public static Dictionary Parse(string[] args)
{
var parsedArgs = new Dictionary();
int i = 0, n = 0;
while(i < args.Length)
{
// If the first argument in this iteration starts with a dash it's an option.
if(args[i].StartsWith("-"))
{
var key = args[i++];
var value = key;
// Check to see if there's a value that goes with this option?
if((i < args.Length) && (!args[i].StartsWith("-"))) value = args[i++];
parsedArgs.Add(key, value);
}
// If the first argument in this iteration doesn't start with a dash, it's a value
else
{
parsedArgs.Add("--NoKey" + n.ToString(), args[i++]);
n++;
}
}
return parsedArgs;
}
//
// Method to get an argument from the parsed command-line arguments
//
// Parameters:
// - parsedArgs: The Dictionary object returned from the Parse() method (shown above).
// - defaultValue: The default string to return if the specified key isn't in parsedArgs.
// - keys: An array of keys to look for in parsedArgs.
public static string GetArgument(
Dictionary parsedArgs, string defaultReturn, params string[] keys)
{
string retval = null;
foreach(var key in keys)
if(parsedArgs.TryGetValue(key, out retval)) break;
return retval ?? defaultReturn;
}
//
// Method to exit the application with an error.
public static void ErrorExit(string msg, int code=1)
{
Console.WriteLine("\nError");
Console.WriteLine(msg);
Environment.Exit(code);
}
}
}
```
## 清除
當您不再需要 EC2 執行個體時，請務必將其終止，如中所述[終止 Amazon EC2 執行個體](terminate-instance.md)。
# 終止 Amazon EC2 執行個體
當您不再需要一或多個 Amazon EC2 執行個體時，您可以終止它們。
此範例說明如何使用 適用於 .NET 的 AWS SDK 來終止 EC2 執行個體。它需要執行個體 ID 做為輸入。
## 開發套件參考
NuGet 套件：
+ [AWSSDK.EC2](https://www.nuget.org/packages/AWSSDK.EC2)
程式設計元素：
+ 命名空間 [Amazon.EC2](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/NEC2.html)
[AmazonEC2Client](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TEC2Client.html) 類別
+ 命名空間 [Amazon.EC2.Model](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/NEC2Model.html)
類別 [TerminateInstancesRequest](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TTerminateInstancesRequest.html)
類別 [TerminateInstancesResponse](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TTerminateInstancesResponse.html)
```
using System;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Amazon.EC2;
using Amazon.EC2.Model;
namespace EC2TerminateInstance
{
class Program
{
static async Task Main(string[] args)
{
if((args.Length == 1) && (args[0].StartsWith("i-")))
{
// Terminate the instance
var ec2Client = new AmazonEC2Client();
await TerminateInstance(ec2Client, args[0]);
}
else
{
Console.WriteLine("\nCommand-line argument missing or incorrect.");
Console.WriteLine("\nUsage: EC2TerminateInstance instance-ID");
Console.WriteLine(" instance-ID - The EC2 instance you want to terminate.");
return;
}
}
//
// Method to terminate an EC2 instance
private static async Task TerminateInstance(IAmazonEC2 ec2Client, string instanceID)
{
var request = new TerminateInstancesRequest{
InstanceIds = new List() { instanceID }};
TerminateInstancesResponse response =
await ec2Client.TerminateInstancesAsync(new TerminateInstancesRequest{
InstanceIds = new List() { instanceID }
});
foreach (InstanceStateChange item in response.TerminatingInstances)
{
Console.WriteLine("Terminated instance: " + item.InstanceId);
Console.WriteLine("Instance state: " + item.CurrentState.Name);
}
}
}
}
```
執行範例之後，最好登入 [Amazon EC2 主控台](https://console.aws.amazon.com/ec2/)，以確認 [EC2 執行個體](https://console.aws.amazon.com/ec2/v2/home#Instances)已終止。
# Amazon EC2 Spot 執行個體教學課程
本教學課程說明如何使用 適用於 .NET 的 AWS SDK 來管理 Amazon EC2 Spot 執行個體。
## 概觀
Spot 執行個體可讓您以低於隨需價格的價格請求未使用的 Amazon EC2 容量。這可以大幅降低可中斷之應用程式的 EC2 成本。
以下是 Spot 執行個體的請求和使用方式的高階摘要。
1. 建立 Spot 執行個體請求，指定您願意支付的最高價格。
1. 完成請求後，像執行任何其他 Amazon EC2 執行個體一樣執行執行個體。
1. 視需要執行執行個體，然後終止執行個體，除非 *Spot 價格*變更，讓執行個體為您終止。
1. 當您不再需要 Spot 執行個體請求時，請將其清除，以便不再建立 Spot 執行個體。
這是 Spot 執行個體的非常高階概觀。若要進一步了解 Spot 執行個體，請參閱《[Amazon EC2 使用者指南](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/)》中的 [Spot 執行個體](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/using-spot-instances.html)。
## 關於本教學
當您遵循本教學課程時，您可以使用 適用於 .NET 的 AWS SDK 執行下列動作：
+ 建立 Spot 執行個體請求
+ 判斷 Spot 執行個體請求何時完成
+ 取消 Spot 執行個體請求
+ 終止關聯的執行個體
下列各節提供此範例的程式碼片段和其他資訊。[範例的完整程式碼](#tutor-spot-net-main)會顯示在程式碼片段之後，並可依原樣建置和執行。
**Topics**
+ [概觀](#tutor-spot-net-overview)
+ [關於本教學](#about-spot-instances-tutorial)
+ [先決條件](#tutor-spot-net-prereq)
+ [收集您需要的內容](#tutor-spot-net-gather)
+ [建立 Spot 執行個體請求](#tutor-spot-net-submit)
+ [判斷 Spot 執行個體請求的狀態](#tutor-spot-net-request-state)
+ [清除 Spot 執行個體請求](#tutor-spot-net-clean-up-request)
+ [清除 Spot 執行個體](#tutor-spot-net-clean-up-instance)
+ [完成程式碼](#tutor-spot-net-main)
+ [其他考量](#tutor-spot-net-additional)
## 先決條件
如需 APIs和先決條件的相關資訊，請參閱父區段 ([使用 Amazon EC2](ec2-apis-intro.md))。
## 收集您需要的內容
若要建立 Spot 執行個體請求，您需要幾件事。
+ 執行個體數量及其執行個體類型。有數種執行個體類型可供選擇。如需詳細資訊，請參閱[《Amazon EC2 使用者指南》中的 Amazon EC2 執行個體類型](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/instance-types.html)。 [Amazon EC2 ](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/) 另請參閱[執行個體類型詳細資訊](https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/instance-types/)和[執行個體類型總](https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/instance-explorer/)管。
此教學課程的預設編號為 1。
+ 用來建立執行個體的 Amazon Machine Image (AMI)。如需 AMIs的相關資訊，請參閱《[Amazon EC2 使用者指南》中的 Amazon Machine Image (AMIs)](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/AMIs.html)。 [Amazon EC2 ](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/) 特別是，請參閱[尋找 AMI](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/finding-an-ami.html) 和[共用 AMIs](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/sharing-amis.html)。
+ 您願意為每個執行個體小時支付的最高價格。您可以在 [Amazon EC2 定價頁面上](https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/pricing/)查看所有執行個體類型 （適用於隨需執行個體和 Spot 執行個體） 的價格。本教學課程的預設價格將於稍後說明。
+ 如果您想要從遠端連線至執行個體，則為具有適當組態和資源的安全群組。這在 中說明，[在 Amazon EC2 中使用安全群組](security-groups.md)以及[收集您需要的內容](run-instance.md#run-instance-gather)並[連接到 中執行個體](run-instance.md#connect-to-instance)的相關資訊[啟動 Amazon EC2 執行個體](run-instance.md)。為求簡化，本教學課程使用****所有較新 AWS 帳戶預設的安全群組。
請求 Spot 執行個體的方法有很多種。以下是常見的策略：
+ 提出一定低於隨需定價的請求。
+ 根據產生的運算值提出請求。
+ 提出請求以盡快取得運算容量。
下列說明參考《[Amazon EC2 使用者指南](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/)》中的 [Spot 執行個體定價歷史記錄](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/using-spot-instances-history.html)。
### 將成本降低到低於隨需
您可以批次處理任務，需要花費數小時或數天的時間完成。但是，在開始和結束時都有彈性。您想要查看是否能以低於隨需執行個體的成本將它完成。
您可以使用 Amazon EC2 主控台或 Amazon EC2 API 來檢查執行個體類型的 Spot 價格歷史記錄。於一個給定的可用區域內分析您所想要的執行個體類型的歷史價格後，您的出價有兩個替代方式：
+ 在 Spot 價格範圍的上端指定請求，該請求仍低於隨需價格，預期您的一次性 Spot 執行個體請求最有可能實現並執行足夠的連續運算時間來完成任務。
+ 或者，您可以出價此 Spot 價格範圍的下限，並計畫如何透過一個持久性的請求來結合數個已長期啟動的執行個體。該執行個體將總共要執行一段夠長時間，才能以更低的成本完成任務。
### 支付不超過結果值的費用
您有一個要執行的資料正在處理任務。您充分了解任務結果的值，以得知其在運算成本方面的價值。
分析執行個體類型的 Spot 價格歷史記錄後，您可以選擇運算時間成本不超過任務結果值的價格。您建立可以長久出價的方式，且允許它在 Spot 價格出現波動並等於或低於您的出價時，間歇性地執行。
### 快速取得運算容量
對於無法透過隨需執行個體取得的額外容量，您有非預期的短期需求。分析執行個體類型的 Spot 價格歷史記錄後，您可以選擇高於最高歷史價格的價格，以大幅提高快速完成請求的可能性，並繼續運算，直到完成為止。
在您收集所需的內容並選擇策略之後，您就可以請求 Spot 執行個體。在本教學課程中，預設最大 Spot 執行個體價格設定為與隨需價格相同 (在本教學課程中為 \$10.003 美元)。以這種方法設定價格能夠最大化實現請求的機會。
## 建立 Spot 執行個體請求
下列程式碼片段說明如何使用先前收集的元素建立 Spot 執行個體請求。
[本主題結尾](#tutor-spot-net-main)的範例顯示此程式碼片段正在使用中。
```
//
// Method to create a Spot Instance request
private static async Task CreateSpotInstanceRequest(
IAmazonEC2 ec2Client, string amiId, string securityGroupName,
InstanceType instanceType, string spotPrice, int instanceCount)
{
var launchSpecification = new LaunchSpecification{
ImageId = amiId,
InstanceType = instanceType
};
launchSpecification.SecurityGroups.Add(securityGroupName);
var request = new RequestSpotInstancesRequest{
SpotPrice = spotPrice,
InstanceCount = instanceCount,
LaunchSpecification = launchSpecification
};
RequestSpotInstancesResponse result =
await ec2Client.RequestSpotInstancesAsync(request);
return result.SpotInstanceRequests[0];
}
```
從此方法傳回的重要值是 Spot 執行個體請求 ID，其中包含在傳回的 [SpotInstanceRequest](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TSpotInstanceRequest.html) 物件`SpotInstanceRequestId`成員中。
**注意**
您將需要為啟動的任何 Spot 執行個體支付費用。為了避免不必要的成本，請務必[取消任何請求](#tutor-spot-net-clean-up-request)並[終止任何執行個體](#tutor-spot-net-clean-up-instance)。
## 判斷 Spot 執行個體請求的狀態
下列程式碼片段說明如何取得 Spot 執行個體請求的相關資訊。您可以使用該資訊在程式碼中做出特定決策，例如是否繼續等待 Spot 執行個體請求履行。
[本主題結尾](#tutor-spot-net-main)的範例顯示此程式碼片段正在使用中。
```
//
// Method to get information about a Spot Instance request, including the status,
// instance ID, etc.
// It gets the information for a specific request (as opposed to all requests).
private static async Task GetSpotInstanceRequestInfo(
IAmazonEC2 ec2Client, string requestId)
{
var describeRequest = new DescribeSpotInstanceRequestsRequest();
describeRequest.SpotInstanceRequestIds.Add(requestId);
DescribeSpotInstanceRequestsResponse describeResponse =
await ec2Client.DescribeSpotInstanceRequestsAsync(describeRequest);
return describeResponse.SpotInstanceRequests[0];
}
```
方法會傳回 Spot 執行個體請求的相關資訊，例如執行個體 ID、其狀態和狀態碼。如需 Spot 執行個體請求狀態碼的詳細資訊，請參閱《[Amazon EC2 使用者指南》中的](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/) [Spot 請求狀態](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/spot-bid-status.html#spot-instance-bid-status-understand)。
## 清除 Spot 執行個體請求
當您不再需要請求 Spot 執行個體時，請務必取消任何未完成的請求，以防止這些請求重新履行。下列程式碼片段說明如何取消 Spot 執行個體請求。
[本主題結尾](#tutor-spot-net-main)的範例顯示此程式碼片段正在使用中。
```
//
// Method to cancel a Spot Instance request
private static async Task CancelSpotInstanceRequest(
IAmazonEC2 ec2Client, string requestId)
{
var cancelRequest = new CancelSpotInstanceRequestsRequest();
cancelRequest.SpotInstanceRequestIds.Add(requestId);
await ec2Client.CancelSpotInstanceRequestsAsync(cancelRequest);
}
```
## 清除 Spot 執行個體
為了避免不必要的成本，請務必終止從 Spot 執行個體請求啟動的任何執行個體；只要取消 Spot 執行個體請求就不會終止您的執行個體，這表示您將繼續支付這些執行個體的費用。下列程式碼片段示範如何在取得作用中 Spot 執行個體的執行個體識別符後終止執行個體。
[本主題結尾](#tutor-spot-net-main)的範例顯示此程式碼片段正在使用中。
```
//
// Method to terminate a Spot Instance
private static async Task TerminateSpotInstance(
IAmazonEC2 ec2Client, string requestId)
{
var describeRequest = new DescribeSpotInstanceRequestsRequest();
describeRequest.SpotInstanceRequestIds.Add(requestId);
// Retrieve the Spot Instance request to check for running instances.
DescribeSpotInstanceRequestsResponse describeResponse =
await ec2Client.DescribeSpotInstanceRequestsAsync(describeRequest);
// If there are any running instances, terminate them
if( (describeResponse.SpotInstanceRequests[0].Status.Code
== "request-canceled-and-instance-running")
|| (describeResponse.SpotInstanceRequests[0].State == SpotInstanceState.Active))
{
TerminateInstancesResponse response =
await ec2Client.TerminateInstancesAsync(new TerminateInstancesRequest{
InstanceIds = new List(){
describeResponse.SpotInstanceRequests[0].InstanceId } });
foreach (InstanceStateChange item in response.TerminatingInstances)
{
Console.WriteLine($"\n Terminated instance: {item.InstanceId}");
Console.WriteLine($" Instance state: {item.CurrentState.Name}\n");
}
}
}
```
## 完成程式碼
下列程式碼範例會呼叫先前所述的方法來建立和取消 Spot 執行個體請求，並終止 Spot 執行個體。
### 開發套件參考
NuGet 套件：
+ [AWSSDK.EC2](https://www.nuget.org/packages/AWSSDK.EC2)
程式設計元素：
+ 命名空間 [Amazon.EC2](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/NEC2.html)
[AmazonEC2Client](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TEC2Client.html) 類別
類別 [InstanceType](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TInstanceType.html)
+ 命名空間 [Amazon.EC2.Model](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/NEC2Model.html)
類別 [CancelSpotInstanceRequestsRequest](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TCancelSpotInstanceRequestsRequest.html)
類別 [DescribeSpotInstanceRequestsRequest](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TDescribeSpotInstanceRequestsRequest.html)
類別 [DescribeSpotInstanceRequestsResponse](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TDescribeSpotInstanceRequestsResponse.html)
類別 [InstanceStateChange](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TInstanceStateChange.html)
類別 [LaunchSpecification](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TLaunchSpecification.html)
Class [RequestSpotInstancesRequest](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TRequestSpotInstancesRequest.html)
Class [RequestSpotInstancesResponse](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TRequestSpotInstancesResponse.html)
類別 [SpotInstanceRequest](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TSpotInstanceRequest.html)
類別 [TerminateInstancesRequest](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TTerminateInstancesRequest.html)
類別 [TerminateInstancesResponse](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdkfornet/v3/apidocs/items/EC2/TTerminateInstancesResponse.html)
### 程式碼
```
using System;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Amazon.EC2;
using Amazon.EC2.Model;
namespace EC2SpotInstanceRequests
{
class Program
{
static async Task Main(string[] args)
{
// Some default values.
// These could be made into command-line arguments instead.
var instanceType = InstanceType.T1Micro;
string securityGroupName = "default";
string spotPrice = "0.003";
int instanceCount = 1;
// Parse the command line arguments
if((args.Length != 1) || (!args[0].StartsWith("ami-")))
{
Console.WriteLine("\nUsage: EC2SpotInstanceRequests ami");
Console.WriteLine(" ami: the Amazon Machine Image to use for the Spot Instances.");
return;
}
// Create the Amazon EC2 client.
var ec2Client = new AmazonEC2Client();
// Create the Spot Instance request and record its ID
Console.WriteLine("\nCreating spot instance request...");
var req = await CreateSpotInstanceRequest(
ec2Client, args[0], securityGroupName, instanceType, spotPrice, instanceCount);
string requestId = req.SpotInstanceRequestId;
// Wait for an EC2 Spot Instance to become active
Console.WriteLine(
$"Waiting for Spot Instance request with ID {requestId} to become active...");
int wait = 1;
var start = DateTime.Now;
while(true)
{
Console.Write(".");
// Get and check the status to see if the request has been fulfilled.
var requestInfo = await GetSpotInstanceRequestInfo(ec2Client, requestId);
if(requestInfo.Status.Code == "fulfilled")
{
Console.WriteLine($"\nSpot Instance request {requestId} " +
$"has been fulfilled by instance {requestInfo.InstanceId}.\n");
break;
}
// Wait a bit and try again, longer each time (1, 2, 4, ...)
Thread.Sleep(wait);
wait = wait * 2;
}
// Show the user how long it took to fulfill the Spot Instance request.
TimeSpan span = DateTime.Now.Subtract(start);
Console.WriteLine($"That took {span.TotalMilliseconds} milliseconds");
// Perform actions here as needed.
// For this example, simply wait for the user to hit a key.
// That gives them a chance to look at the EC2 console to see
// the running instance if they want to.
Console.WriteLine("Press any key to start the cleanup...");
Console.ReadKey(true);
// Cancel the request.
// Do this first to make sure that the request can't be re-fulfilled
// once the Spot Instance has been terminated.
Console.WriteLine("Canceling Spot Instance request...");
await CancelSpotInstanceRequest(ec2Client, requestId);
// Terminate the Spot Instance that's running.
Console.WriteLine("Terminating the running Spot Instance...");
await TerminateSpotInstance(ec2Client, requestId);
Console.WriteLine("Done. Press any key to exit...");
Console.ReadKey(true);
}
//
// Method to create a Spot Instance request
private static async Task CreateSpotInstanceRequest(
IAmazonEC2 ec2Client, string amiId, string securityGroupName,
InstanceType instanceType, string spotPrice, int instanceCount)
{
var launchSpecification = new LaunchSpecification{
ImageId = amiId,
InstanceType = instanceType
};
launchSpecification.SecurityGroups.Add(securityGroupName);
var request = new RequestSpotInstancesRequest{
SpotPrice = spotPrice,
InstanceCount = instanceCount,
LaunchSpecification = launchSpecification
};
RequestSpotInstancesResponse result =
await ec2Client.RequestSpotInstancesAsync(request);
return result.SpotInstanceRequests[0];
}
//
// Method to get information about a Spot Instance request, including the status,
// instance ID, etc.
// It gets the information for a specific request (as opposed to all requests).
private static async Task GetSpotInstanceRequestInfo(
IAmazonEC2 ec2Client, string requestId)
{
var describeRequest = new DescribeSpotInstanceRequestsRequest();
describeRequest.SpotInstanceRequestIds.Add(requestId);
DescribeSpotInstanceRequestsResponse describeResponse =
await ec2Client.DescribeSpotInstanceRequestsAsync(describeRequest);
return describeResponse.SpotInstanceRequests[0];
}
//
// Method to cancel a Spot Instance request
private static async Task CancelSpotInstanceRequest(
IAmazonEC2 ec2Client, string requestId)
{
var cancelRequest = new CancelSpotInstanceRequestsRequest();
cancelRequest.SpotInstanceRequestIds.Add(requestId);
await ec2Client.CancelSpotInstanceRequestsAsync(cancelRequest);
}
//
// Method to terminate a Spot Instance
private static async Task TerminateSpotInstance(
IAmazonEC2 ec2Client, string requestId)
{
var describeRequest = new DescribeSpotInstanceRequestsRequest();
describeRequest.SpotInstanceRequestIds.Add(requestId);
// Retrieve the Spot Instance request to check for running instances.
DescribeSpotInstanceRequestsResponse describeResponse =
await ec2Client.DescribeSpotInstanceRequestsAsync(describeRequest);
// If there are any running instances, terminate them
if( (describeResponse.SpotInstanceRequests[0].Status.Code
== "request-canceled-and-instance-running")
|| (describeResponse.SpotInstanceRequests[0].State == SpotInstanceState.Active))
{
TerminateInstancesResponse response =
await ec2Client.TerminateInstancesAsync(new TerminateInstancesRequest{
InstanceIds = new List(){
describeResponse.SpotInstanceRequests[0].InstanceId } });
foreach (InstanceStateChange item in response.TerminatingInstances)
{
Console.WriteLine($"\n Terminated instance: {item.InstanceId}");
Console.WriteLine($" Instance state: {item.CurrentState.Name}\n");
}
}
}
}
}
```
## 其他考量
+ 執行教學課程後，最好登入 [Amazon EC2 主控台](https://console.aws.amazon.com/ec2/)，確認 [Spot 執行個體請求](https://console.aws.amazon.com/ec2/home#SpotInstances:)已取消，且 [Spot 執行個體](https://console.aws.amazon.com/ec2/v2/home#Instances)已終止。