View a markdown version of this page

$stdDevPop - Amazon DocumentDB
範例 (MongoDB Shell)表達式用量範例 (MongoDB Shell)程式碼範例

本文為英文版的機器翻譯版本，如內容有任何歧義或不一致之處，概以英文版為準。

$stdDevPop

8.0.1 版的新功能。

Amazon DocumentDB 中的$stdDevPop運算子會計算數值的母群體標準差。作為累積器，它會計算彙總管道$group階段中群組內文件的母體標準差。做為表達式，它會計算數字陣列的母體標準差。母群體標準差使用 N 作為除數 （而非 N-1)。會忽略非數值。如果沒有數值，則會傳回 null。如果只有一個數值，則會傳回 0。

參數

  • expression：解析為數值或數值陣列的表達式。

範例 (MongoDB Shell)

下列範例顯示如何使用 $stdDevPop 運算子計算每個主體的母群體分數標準差。

建立範例文件

db.scores.insertMany([
  { subject: "math", score: 60 },
  { subject: "math", score: 75 },
  { subject: "math", score: 85 },
  { subject: "math", score: 92 },
  { subject: "math", score: 78 },
  { subject: "science", score: 55 },
  { subject: "science", score: 70 },
  { subject: "science", score: 82 },
  { subject: "science", score: 91 },
  { subject: "science", score: 67 }
]);

查詢範例

db.scores.aggregate([
  { $group: {
      _id: "$subject",
      stdDev: { $stdDevPop: "$score" }
    }}
]);

輸出

[
  { "_id": "math", "stdDev": 10.75174404457249 },
  { "_id": "science", "stdDev": 12.441864811996632 }
]

表達式用量範例 (MongoDB Shell)

運算$stdDevPop子也可以用作$project階段內的表達式，以計算陣列欄位的母群體標準差。

建立範例文件

db.experiments.insertMany([
  { _id: 1, measurements: [10, 12, 14, 16, 18] },
  { _id: 2, measurements: [5, 5, 5, 5, 5] },
  { _id: 3, measurements: [2, 4, 6, 8, 10] }
]);

查詢範例

db.experiments.aggregate([
  { $project: {
      stdDev: { $stdDevPop: "$measurements" }
    }}
]);

輸出

[
  { "_id": 1, "stdDev": 2.8284271247461903 },
  { "_id": 2, "stdDev": 0 },
  { "_id": 3, "stdDev": 2.8284271247461903 }
]

程式碼範例

若要檢視使用 $stdDevPop 運算子的程式碼範例，請選擇您要使用的語言標籤。下列範例顯示累積器用量 （在 中$group) 和表達式用量 （在 中$project)：

Node.js
const { MongoClient } = require('mongodb');

async function example() {
  const uri = 'mongodb://<username>:<password>@<cluster-endpoint>:27017/?tls=true&tlsCAFile=global-bundle.pem&replicaSet=rs0&readPreference=secondaryPreferred&retryWrites=false';
  const client = new MongoClient(uri);

  try {
    await client.connect();
    const db = client.db('test');

    // Accumulator usage: stdDevPop across grouped documents
    const scores = db.collection('scores');
    const accumulatorResult = await scores.aggregate([
      { $group: {
          _id: "$subject",
          stdDev: { $stdDevPop: "$score" }
        }}
    ]).toArray();
    console.log('Accumulator result:', accumulatorResult);

    // Expression usage: stdDevPop of an array field
    const experiments = db.collection('experiments');
    const expressionResult = await experiments.aggregate([
      { $project: {
          stdDev: { $stdDevPop: "$measurements" }
        }}
    ]).toArray();
    console.log('Expression result:', expressionResult);

  } finally {
    await client.close();
  }
}

example();
Python
from pymongo import MongoClient

def example():
    client = MongoClient('mongodb://<username>:<password>@<cluster-endpoint>:27017/?tls=true&tlsCAFile=global-bundle.pem&replicaSet=rs0&readPreference=secondaryPreferred&retryWrites=false')

    try:
        db = client['test']

        # Accumulator usage: stdDevPop across grouped documents
        scores = db['scores']
        accumulator_result = list(scores.aggregate([
            { '$group': {
                '_id': '$subject',
                'stdDev': { '$stdDevPop': '$score' }
            }}
        ]))
        print('Accumulator result:', accumulator_result)

        # Expression usage: stdDevPop of an array field
        experiments = db['experiments']
        expression_result = list(experiments.aggregate([
            { '$project': {
                'stdDev': { '$stdDevPop': '$measurements' }
            }}
        ]))
        print('Expression result:', expression_result)

    finally:
        client.close()

example()