$changeStream - Amazon DocumentDB

本文為英文版的機器翻譯版本,如內容有任何歧義或不一致之處,概以英文版為準。

$changeStream

Elastic 叢集不支援。

$changeStream 彙總階段會開啟變更串流游標,以監控集合的即時變更。當發生插入、更新、取代或刪除操作時,它會傳回變更事件文件。

參數

  • fullDocument:指定是否要傳回更新操作的完整文件。選項為 defaultupdateLookup

  • resumeAfter:選用。繼續字符,從變更串流中的特定點繼續。

  • startAtOperationTime:選用。開始變更串流的時間戳記。

  • allChangesForCluster:選用。布林值。當 時true, 會監控叢集的所有變更 (適用於管理員資料庫)。當 false(預設) 時, 只會監看指定的集合。

範例 (MongoDB Shell)

下列範例示範如何使用 $changeStream階段來監控集合的變更。

查詢範例

// Open change stream first const changeStream = db.inventory.aggregate([ { $changeStream: { fullDocument: "updateLookup" } } ]); // In another session, insert a document db.inventory.insertOne({ _id: 1, item: "Widget", qty: 10 }); // Back in the first session, read the change event if (changeStream.hasNext()) { print(tojson(changeStream.next())); }

輸出

{ _id: { _data: '...' }, operationType: 'insert', clusterTime: Timestamp(1, 1234567890), fullDocument: { _id: 1, item: 'Widget', qty: 10 }, ns: { db: 'test', coll: 'inventory' }, documentKey: { _id: 1 } }

程式碼範例

若要檢視使用$changeStream彙總階段的程式碼範例,請選擇您要使用的語言標籤:

Node.js
const { MongoClient } = require('mongodb'); async function example() { const client = await MongoClient.connect('mongodb://<username>:<password>@<cluster-endpoint>:27017/?tls=true&tlsCAFile=global-bundle.pem&replicaSet=rs0&readPreference=secondaryPreferred&retryWrites=false'); const db = client.db('test'); const collection = db.collection('inventory'); // Open change stream const changeStream = collection.watch([]); changeStream.on('change', (change) => { console.log('Change detected:', change); }); // Simulate insert in another operation setTimeout(async () => { await collection.insertOne({ _id: 1, item: 'Widget', qty: 10 }); }, 1000); // Keep connection open to receive changes // In production, handle cleanup appropriately } example();
Python
from pymongo import MongoClient import threading import time def example(): client = MongoClient('mongodb://<username>:<password>@<cluster-endpoint>:27017/?tls=true&tlsCAFile=global-bundle.pem&replicaSet=rs0&readPreference=secondaryPreferred&retryWrites=false') db = client['test'] collection = db['inventory'] # Open change stream change_stream = collection.watch([]) # Insert document in separate thread after delay def insert_doc(): time.sleep(1) collection.insert_one({'_id': 1, 'item': 'Widget', 'qty': 10}) threading.Thread(target=insert_doc).start() # Watch for changes for change in change_stream: print('Change detected:', change) break # Exit after first change client.close() example()