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# 目錄儲存貯體的 CloudTrail 日誌檔案範例
<a name="s3-express-log-files"></a>

CloudTrail 日誌檔案包含請求的 API 操作、操作的日期和時間、請求參數等相關資訊。本主題提供目錄儲存貯體的 CloudTrail 資料事件和管理事件範例。

**Topics**
+ [目錄儲存貯體的 CloudTrail 資料事件日誌檔案範例](#example-ct-log-s3express)

## 目錄儲存貯體的 CloudTrail 資料事件日誌檔案範例
<a name="example-ct-log-s3express"></a>

下列範例顯示 CloudTrail 日誌檔案，其中示範了 [https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/API/API_CreateSession.html](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/API/API_CreateSession.html)。

```
    {
        "eventVersion": "1.09",
        "userIdentity": {
          "type": "AssumedRole",
          "principalId": "AROAIDPPEZS35WEXAMPLE:AssumedRoleSessionName",
          "arn": "arn:aws:sts::111122223333assumed-role/RoleToBeAssumed/MySessionName",
          "accountId": "111122223333",
          "accessKeyId": "AKIAIOSFODNN7EXAMPLE",
          "sessionContext": {
            "sessionIssuer": {
              "type": "Role",
              "principalId": "AROAIDPPEZS35WEXAMPLE",
              "arn": "arn:aws:iam::111122223333:role/RoleToBeAssumed",
              "accountId": "111122223333",
              "userName":"RoleToBeAssumed
            },
            
            "attributes": {
              "creationDate": "2024-07-02T00:21:16Z",
            "mfaAuthenticated": "false"
            }
          }
        },
        "eventTime": "2024-07-02T00:22:11Z",
        "eventSource": "s3express.amazonaws.com",
        "eventName": "CreateSession",
        "awsRegion": "us-west-2",
        "sourceIPAddress": "72.21.198.68",
        "userAgent": "aws-sdk-java/2.20.160-SNAPSHOT Linux/5.10.216-225.855.amzn2.x86_64 OpenJDK_64-Bit_Server_VM/11.0.23+9-LTS Java/11.0.23 vendor/Amazon.com_Inc. md/internal exec-env/AWS_Lambda_java11 io/sync http/Apache cfg/retry-mode/standard",
        "requestParameters": {
          "bucketName": "bucket-base-name--usw2-az1--x-s3".
            "host": "bucket-base-name--usw2-az1--x-s3.s3express-usw2-az1.us-west-2.amazonaws.com",
            "x-amz-create-session-mode": "ReadWrite"
        },
        "responseElements": {
            "credentials": {
                "accessKeyId": "AKIAI44QH8DHBEXAMPLE"
                "expiration": ""Mar 20, 2024, 11:16:09 PM",
                "sessionToken": "<session token string>"
           },
        },
        "additionalEventData": {
            "SignatureVersion": "SigV4",
            "cipherSuite": "TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256",
            "bytesTransferredIn": 0,
            "AuthenticationMethod": "AuthHeader",
            "xAmzId2": "q6xhNJYmhg",
            "bytesTransferredOut": 1815,
            "availabilityZone": "usw2-az1"
          },
          "requestID": "28d2faaf-3319-4649-998d-EXAMPLE72818",
          "eventID": "694d604a-d190-4470-8dd1-EXAMPLEe20c1",
          "readOnly": true,
          "resources": [
            {
              "type": "AWS::S3Express::Object",
              "ARNPrefix": "arn:aws:s3express:us-west-2:111122223333:bucket-base-name--usw2-az1--x-s3"
            },
            {
              "accountId": "111122223333"  
              "type": "AWS::S3Express::DirectoryBucket",
              "ARN": "arn:aws:s3express:us-west-2:111122223333:bucket-base-name--usw2-az1--x-s3"
             }
           ],               
           "eventType": "AwsApiCall",
           "managementEvent": false,
           "recipientAccountId": "111122223333",
           "eventCategory": "Data",
           "tlsDetails": {
             "tlsVersion": "TLSv1.3",
             "cipherSuite": "TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256",
             "clientProvidedHostHeader": "bucket-base-name--usw2-az1--x-s3.s3express-usw2-az1.us-west-2.amazonaws.com"
            }
          }
```

若要使用區域端點 API 操作 (物件層級或資料平面操作)，您可以使用 `CreateSession` API 操作來建立和管理工作階段，這些工作階段經過最佳化，可提供低延遲的資料請求授權。您也可以使用 `CreateSession` 來減少記錄量。若要確定在工作階段期間執行了哪些區域 API 操作，您可以將 `CreateSession` 日誌檔案中 `responseElements` 下的 `accessKeyId` 與其他區域 API 操作日誌檔案中的 `accessKeyId` 進行比對。如需詳細資訊，請參閱[`CreateSession` 授權](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/userguide/s3-express-create-session.html)。

下列範例顯示 CloudTrail 日誌檔案範例，其中示範了 `CreateSession` 已驗證的 [https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/API/API_GetObject.html](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/API/API_GetObject.html) API 操作。

```
    {
        "eventVersion": "1.09",
        "userIdentity": {
          "type": "AssumedRole",
          "principalId": "AROAIDPPEZS35WEXAMPLE:AssumedRoleSessionName",
          "arn": "arn:aws:sts::111122223333assumed-role/RoleToBeAssumed/MySessionName",
          "accountId": "111122223333",
          "accessKeyId": "AKIAI44QH8DHBEXAMPLE",
          "sessionContext": {
            "attributes": {
              "creationDate": "2024-07-02T00:21:49Z"
            }
          }
        },    
        "eventTime": "2024-07-02T00:22:01Z",
        "eventSource": "s3express.amazonaws.com",
        "eventName": "GetObject",
        "awsRegion": "us-west-2",
        "sourceIPAddress": "72.21.198.68",
        "userAgent": "aws-sdk-java/2.25.66 Linux/5.10.216-225.855.amzn2.x86_64 OpenJDK_64-Bit_Server_VM/17.0.11+9-LTS Java/17.0.11 vendor/Amazon.com_Inc. md/internal exec-env/AWS_Lambda_java17 io/sync http/Apache cfg/retry-mode/legacy",  
        "requestParameters": {
          "bucketName": "bucket-base-name--usw2-az1--x-s3",
          "x-amz-checksum-mode": "ENABLED",
          "Host": "bucket-base-name--usw2-az1--x-s3.s3express-usw2-az1.us-west-2.amazonaws.com",
          "key": "test-get-obj-with-checksum"
        },
        "responseElements": null,
        "additionalEventData": {
          "SignatureVersion": "Sigv4",
          "CipherSuite": "TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256",
          "bytesTransferredIn": 0,
          "AuthenticationMethod": "AuthHeader",
          "x-amz-id-2": "oOy6w8K7LFsyFN",
          "bytesTransferredOut": 9,
          "availabilityZone": "usw2-az1",
          "sessionModeApplied": "ReadWrite"
         },
          "requestID": "28d2faaf-3319-4649-998d-EXAMPLE72818",
          "eventID": "694d604a-d190-4470-8dd1-EXAMPLEe20c1",
          "readOnly": true,
          "resources": [
            {
              "type": "AWS::S3Express::Object",
              "ARNPrefix": "arn:aws:s3express:us-west-2:111122223333:bucket-base-name--usw2-az1--x-s3"
            },
            {
              "accountId": "111122223333",  
              "type": "AWS::S3Express::DirectoryBucket",
              "ARN": "arn:aws:s3express:us-west-2:111122223333:bucket-base-name--usw2-az1--x-s3"
             }
           ],               
           "eventType": "AwsApiCall",
           "managementEvent": false,
           "recipientAccountId": "111122223333",
           "eventCategory": "Data",
           "tlsDetails": {
             "tlsVersion": "TLSv1.3",
             "cipherSuite": "TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256",
             "clientProvidedHostHeader": "bucket-base-name--usw2-az1--x-s3.s3express-usw2-az1.us-west-2.amazonaws.com"
            }
          }
```

 在上述 `GetObject` 日誌檔案範例中，`accessKeyId` (AKIAI44QH8DHBEXAMPLE) 符合 CreateSession 日誌檔案範例中 `responseElements` 下的 `accessKeyId`。相符的 `accessKeyId` 會指出執行 `GetObject` 操作所在的工作階段。

下列範例顯示 CloudTrail 日誌項目，其中示範了 S3 生命週期在目錄儲存貯體上調用的 `DeleteObjects` 動作。如需詳細資訊，請參閱[https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/userguide/directory-buckets-objects-lifecycle.html](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/userguide/directory-buckets-objects-lifecycle.html)。

```
eventVersion:"1.09",
  userIdentity:{

    type:"AWSService",
    invokedBy:"lifecycle.s3.amazonaws.com"
  },
  eventTime:"2024-09-11T00:55:54Z",
  eventSource:"s3express.amazonaws.com",
  eventName:"DeleteObjects",
  awsRegion:"us-east-2",
  sourceIPAddress:"lifecycle.s3.amazonaws.com",
  userAgent:"gamma.lifecycle.s3.amazonaws.com",
  requestParameters:{

    bucketName:"amzn-s3-demo-bucket--use2-az2--x-s3",
    'x-amz-expected-bucket-owner':"637423581905",
    Host:"amzn-s3-demo-bucket--use2-az2--x-s3.gamma.use2-az2.express.s3.aws.dev",
    delete:"",
    'x-amz-sdk-checksum-algorithm':"CRC32C"
  },
  responseElements:null,
  additionalEventData:{

    SignatureVersion:"Sigv4",
    CipherSuite:"TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256",
    bytesTransferredIn:41903,
    AuthenticationMethod:"AuthHeader",
    'x-amz-id-2':"9H5YWZY0",
    bytesTransferredOut:35316,
    availabilityZone:"use2-az2",
    sessionModeApplied:"ReadWrite"
  },
  requestID:"011eeadd04000191",
  eventID:"d3d8b116-219d-4ee6-a072-5f9950733c74",
  readOnly:false,
  resources:[

    {

      type:"AWS::S3Express::Object",
      ARNPrefix:"arn:aws:s3express:us-east-2:637423581905:bucket/amzn-s3-demo-bucket--use2-az2--x-s3/"
    },
    {

      accountId:"637423581905",
      type:"AWS::S3Express::DirectoryBucket",
      ARN:"arn:aws:s3express:us-east-2:637423581905:bucket/amzn-s3-demo-bucket--use2-az2--x-s3"
    }
  ],
  eventType:"AwsApiCall",
  managementEvent:false,
  recipientAccountId:"637423581905",
  sharedEventID:"59f877ac-1dd9-415d-b315-9bb8133289ce",
  eventCategory:"Data"
}
```

下列範例顯示 CloudTrail 日誌項目，其中示範了對 S3 生命週期所調用 `CreateSession` 動作的 `Access Denied` 請求。如需詳細資訊，請參閱[https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/API/API_CreateSession.html](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/API/API_CreateSession.html)。

```
{
    "eventVersion": "1.09",
    "userIdentity": {
        "type": "AWSService",
        "invokedBy": "gamma.lifecycle.s3.amazonaws.com"
    },
    "eventTime": "2024-09-11T18:13:08Z",
    "eventSource": "s3express.amazonaws.com",
    "eventName": "CreateSession",
    "awsRegion": "us-east-2",
    "sourceIPAddress": "gamma.lifecycle.s3.amazonaws.com",
    "userAgent": "gamma.lifecycle.s3.amazonaws.com",
    "errorCode": "AccessDenied",
    "errorMessage": "Access Denied",
    "requestParameters": {
        "bucketName": "amzn-s3-demo-bucket--use2-az2--x-s3",
        "Host": "amzn-s3-demo-bucket--use2-az2--x-s3.gamma.use2-az2.express.s3.aws.dev",
        "x-amz-create-session-mode": "ReadWrite",
        "x-amz-server-side-encryption": "AES256"
    },
    "responseElements": null,
    "additionalEventData": {
        "SignatureVersion": "Sigv4",
        "CipherSuite": "TLS_AES_128_GCM_SHA256",
        "bytesTransferredIn": 0,
        "AuthenticationMethod": "AuthHeader",
        "x-amz-id-2": "zuDDC1VNbC4LoNwUIc5",
        "bytesTransferredOut": 210,
        "availabilityZone": "use2-az2"
    },
    "requestID": "010932f174000191e24a0",
    "eventID": "dce7cc46-4cd3-46c0-9a47-d1b8b70e301c",
    "readOnly": true,
    "resources": [{
            "type": "AWS::S3Express::Object",
            "ARNPrefix": "arn:aws:s3express:us-east-2:637423581905:bucket/amzn-s3-demo-bucket--use2-az2--x-s3/"
        },
        {
            "accountId": "637423581905",
            "type": "AWS::S3Express::DirectoryBucket",
            "ARN": "arn:aws:s3express:us-east-2:637423581905:bucket/amzn-s3-demo-bucket--use2-az2--x-s3"
        }
    ],
    "eventType": "AwsApiCall",
    "managementEvent": false,
    "recipientAccountId": "637423581905",
    "sharedEventID": "da96b5bd-6066-4a8d-ad8d-f7f427ca7d58",
    "eventCategory": "Data"
}
```