OpenTelemetry 1.0.0 格式的 CloudWatch 指標串流輸出

OpenTelemetry 是工具、API 和開發套件的集合。您可以使用它來檢測、產生、收集和匯出遙測資料 (指標、日誌和追蹤) 以進行分析。OpenTelemetry 隸屬於雲端原生運算基金會 (Cloud Native Computing Foundation)。如需詳細資訊，請參閱 OpenTelemetry。

如需完整的 OpenTelemetry 1.0.0 規格的資訊，請參閱 1.0.0 發行版。

Kinesis 記錄可包含一個或多個 ExportMetricsServiceRequest OpenTelemetry 資料結構。每個資料結構都以具有 UnsignedVarInt32 的標題為開頭，該標題可指示記錄長度 (以位元組為單位)。每個 ExportMetricsServiceRequest 可能一次包含來自多個指標的資料。

以下是 ExportMetricsServiceRequest OpenTelemetry 資料結構的訊息的字串表示法。OpenRelemetry 會序列化 Google 協定緩衝區二進位協定，且此結果人類不可讀取。

resource_metrics {
  resource {
    attributes {
      key: "cloud.provider"
      value {
        string_value: "aws"
      }
    }
    attributes {
      key: "cloud.account.id"
      value {
        string_value: "123456789012"
      }
    }
    attributes {
      key: "cloud.region"
      value {
        string_value: "us-east-1"
      }
    }
    attributes {
      key: "aws.exporter.arn"
      value {
        string_value: "arn:aws:cloudwatch:us-east-1:123456789012:metric-stream/MyMetricStream"
      }
    }
  }
  scope_metrics {
    metrics {
      name: "amazonaws.com/AWS/DynamoDB/ConsumedReadCapacityUnits"
      unit: "NoneTranslated"
      summary {
        data_points {
          start_time_unix_nano: 60000000000
          time_unix_nano: 120000000000
          count: 1
          sum: 1.0
          quantile_values {
            value: 1.0
          }
          quantile_values {
            quantile: 0.95
            value: 1.0
          }
          quantile_values {
            quantile: 0.99
            value: 1.0
          }
          quantile_values {
            quantile: 1.0
            value: 1.0
          }
          attributes {
            key: "Namespace"
            value {
              string_value: "AWS/DynamoDB"
            }
          }
          attributes {
            key: "MetricName"
            value {
              string_value: "ConsumedReadCapacityUnits"
            }
          }
          attributes {
            key: "Dimensions"
            value {
              kvlist_value {
                values {
                  key: "TableName"
                  value {
                    string_value: "MyTable"
                  }
                }
              }
            }
          }
        }
        data_points {
          start_time_unix_nano: 70000000000
          time_unix_nano: 130000000000
          count: 2
          sum: 5.0
          quantile_values {
            value: 2.0
          }
          quantile_values {
            quantile: 1.0
            value: 3.0
          }
          attributes {
            key: "Namespace"
            value {
              string_value: "AWS/DynamoDB"
            }
          }
          attributes {
            key: "MetricName"
            value {
              string_value: "ConsumedReadCapacityUnits"
            }
          }
          attributes {
            key: "Dimensions"
            value {
              kvlist_value {
                values {
                  key: "TableName"
                  value {
                    string_value: "MyTable"
                  }
                }
              }
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

序列化 OpenTelemetry 指標資料的最上層物件

ExportMetricsServiceRequest 是用於序列化 OpenTelemetry 匯出工具酬載的最上層包裝函式。它包含一個或多個 ResourceMetrics。

message ExportMetricsServiceRequest {
  // An array of ResourceMetrics.
  // For data coming from a single resource this array will typically contain one
  // element. Intermediary nodes (such as OpenTelemetry Collector) that receive
  // data from multiple origins typically batch the data before forwarding further and
  // in that case this array will contain multiple elements.
  repeated opentelemetry.proto.metrics.v1.ResourceMetrics resource_metrics = 1;
}

ResourceMetrics 是表示 MetricData 物件的最上層物件。

// A collection of ScopeMetrics from a Resource.
message ResourceMetrics {
  reserved 1000;

  // The resource for the metrics in this message.
  // If this field is not set then no resource info is known.
  opentelemetry.proto.resource.v1.Resource resource = 1;

  // A list of metrics that originate from a resource.
  repeated ScopeMetrics scope_metrics = 2;

  // This schema_url applies to the data in the "resource" field. It does not apply
  // to the data in the "scope_metrics" field which have their own schema_url field.
  string schema_url = 3;
}

資源物件

Resource 物件是值對物件，其中包含有關產生指標之資源的一些資訊。對於由 AWS建立的指標，資料結構包含與指標相關的資源的 Amazon Resource Name (ARN)，例如 EC2 執行個體或 S3 儲存貯體。

Resource 物件包含稱為 attributes 的屬性，其中會存放鍵/值對的清單。

// Resource information.
message Resource {
  // Set of attributes that describe the resource.
  // Attribute keys MUST be unique (it is not allowed to have more than one
  // attribute with the same key).
  repeated opentelemetry.proto.common.v1.KeyValue attributes = 1;

  // dropped_attributes_count is the number of dropped attributes. If the value is 0, then
  // no attributes were dropped.
  uint32 dropped_attributes_count = 2;
}

ScopeMetrics 物件

將不會填充 scope 欄位。我們只填寫我們正在匯出的指標欄位。

// A collection of Metrics produced by an Scope.
message ScopeMetrics {
  // The instrumentation scope information for the metrics in this message.
  // Semantically when InstrumentationScope isn't set, it is equivalent with
  // an empty instrumentation scope name (unknown).
  opentelemetry.proto.common.v1.InstrumentationScope scope = 1;

  // A list of metrics that originate from an instrumentation library.
  repeated Metric metrics = 2;

  // This schema_url applies to all metrics in the "metrics" field.
  string schema_url = 3;
}

指標物件

指標物件包含一些中繼資料，以及包含 SummaryDataPoint 清單的 Summary 資料欄位。

對於指標串流，中繼資料如下：

message Metric {
  reserved 4, 6, 8;

  // name of the metric, including its DNS name prefix. It must be unique.
  string name = 1;

  // description of the metric, which can be used in documentation.
  string description = 2;

  // unit in which the metric value is reported. Follows the format
  // described by http://unitsofmeasure.org/ucum.html.
  string unit = 3;

  // Data determines the aggregation type (if any) of the metric, what is the
  // reported value type for the data points, as well as the relatationship to
  // the time interval over which they are reported.
  oneof data {
    Gauge gauge = 5;
    Sum sum = 7;
    Histogram histogram = 9;
    ExponentialHistogram exponential_histogram = 10;
    Summary summary = 11;
  }
}

message Summary {
  repeated SummaryDataPoint data_points = 1;
}

SummaryDataPoint 物件

SummaryDataPoint 物件包含 DoubleSummary 指標中的時間序列的單一資料點的值。

// SummaryDataPoint is a single data point in a timeseries that describes the
// time-varying values of a Summary metric.
message SummaryDataPoint {
  reserved 1;

  // The set of key/value pairs that uniquely identify the timeseries from
  // where this point belongs. The list may be empty (may contain 0 elements).
  // Attribute keys MUST be unique (it is not allowed to have more than one
  // attribute with the same key).
  repeated opentelemetry.proto.common.v1.KeyValue attributes = 7;

  // StartTimeUnixNano is optional but strongly encouraged, see the
  // the detailed comments above Metric.
  //
  // Value is UNIX Epoch time in nanoseconds since 00:00:00 UTC on 1 January
  // 1970.
  fixed64 start_time_unix_nano = 2;

  // TimeUnixNano is required, see the detailed comments above Metric.
  //
  // Value is UNIX Epoch time in nanoseconds since 00:00:00 UTC on 1 January
  // 1970.
  fixed64 time_unix_nano = 3;

  // count is the number of values in the population. Must be non-negative.
  fixed64 count = 4;

  // sum of the values in the population. If count is zero then this field
  // must be zero.
  //
  // Note: Sum should only be filled out when measuring non-negative discrete
  // events, and is assumed to be monotonic over the values of these events.
  // Negative events *can* be recorded, but sum should not be filled out when
  // doing so.  This is specifically to enforce compatibility w/ OpenMetrics,
  // see: https://github.com/OpenObservability/OpenMetrics/blob/main/specification/OpenMetrics.md#summary
  double sum = 5;

  // Represents the value at a given quantile of a distribution.
  //
  // To record Min and Max values following conventions are used:
  // - The 1.0 quantile is equivalent to the maximum value observed.
  // - The 0.0 quantile is equivalent to the minimum value observed.
  //
  // See the following issue for more context:
  // https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-proto/issues/125
  message ValueAtQuantile {
    // The quantile of a distribution. Must be in the interval
    // [0.0, 1.0].
    double quantile = 1;

    // The value at the given quantile of a distribution.
    //
    // Quantile values must NOT be negative.
    double value = 2;
  }

  // (Optional) list of values at different quantiles of the distribution calculated
  // from the current snapshot. The quantiles must be strictly increasing.
  repeated ValueAtQuantile quantile_values = 6;

  // Flags that apply to this specific data point.  See DataPointFlags
  // for the available flags and their meaning.
  uint32 flags = 8;
}

如需詳細資訊，請參閱 CloudWatch 中的 OpenTelemetry 1.0.0 格式翻譯。