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管理 Amazon EC2 实例
先决条件
在开始之前,建议您先阅读开始使用适用于 C++ 的 AWS SDK。
下载示例代码并按代码示例入门中所述构建解决方案。
要运行这些示例,您的代码用于发出请求的用户配置文件必须在 AWS 中具有适当的权限(用于服务和操作)。有关更多信息,请参阅提供 AWS 凭证。
创建实例
要创建新 Amazon EC2 实例,请调用 EC2Client 的 RunInstances 函数,并为它提供 RunInstancesRequest,其中包含要使用的亚马逊机器映像(AMI)和一个实例类型。
包含
#include <aws/core/Aws.h> #include <aws/ec2/EC2Client.h> #include <aws/ec2/model/RunInstancesRequest.h> #include <iostream>
代码
Aws::EC2::EC2Client ec2Client(clientConfiguration); Aws::EC2::Model::RunInstancesRequest runRequest; runRequest.SetImageId(amiId); runRequest.SetInstanceType(Aws::EC2::Model::InstanceType::t1_micro); runRequest.SetMinCount(1); runRequest.SetMaxCount(1); Aws::EC2::Model::RunInstancesOutcome runOutcome = ec2Client.RunInstances( runRequest); if (!runOutcome.IsSuccess()) { std::cerr << "Failed to launch EC2 instance " << instanceName << " based on ami " << amiId << ":" << runOutcome.GetError().GetMessage() << std::endl; return false; } const Aws::Vector<Aws::EC2::Model::Instance> &instances = runOutcome.GetResult().GetInstances(); if (instances.empty()) { std::cerr << "Failed to launch EC2 instance " << instanceName << " based on ami " << amiId << ":" << runOutcome.GetError().GetMessage() << std::endl; return false; }
请参阅完整示例
启动实例
要启动 Amazon EC2 实例,请调用 EC2Client 的 StartInstances 函数,并为它提供 StartInstancesRequest,其中包含要启动实例的 ID。
包含
#include <aws/ec2/EC2Client.h> #include <aws/ec2/model/StartInstancesRequest.h>
代码
Aws::EC2::EC2Client ec2Client(clientConfiguration); Aws::EC2::Model::StartInstancesRequest startRequest; startRequest.AddInstanceIds(instanceId); startRequest.SetDryRun(true); Aws::EC2::Model::StartInstancesOutcome dryRunOutcome = ec2Client.StartInstances(startRequest); if (dryRunOutcome.IsSuccess()) { std::cerr << "Failed dry run to start instance. A dry run should trigger an error." << std::endl; return false; } else if (dryRunOutcome.GetError().GetErrorType() != Aws::EC2::EC2Errors::DRY_RUN_OPERATION) { std::cout << "Failed dry run to start instance " << instanceId << ": " << dryRunOutcome.GetError().GetMessage() << std::endl; return false; } startRequest.SetDryRun(false); Aws::EC2::Model::StartInstancesOutcome startInstancesOutcome = ec2Client.StartInstances(startRequest); if (!startInstancesOutcome.IsSuccess()) { std::cout << "Failed to start instance " << instanceId << ": " << startInstancesOutcome.GetError().GetMessage() << std::endl; } else { std::cout << "Successfully started instance " << instanceId << std::endl; }
请参阅完整示例
停止实例
要停止 Amazon EC2 实例,请调用 EC2Client 的 StopInstances 方法,并为它提供 StopInstancesRequest,其中包含要停止的实例的 ID。
包含
#include <aws/ec2/model/StopInstancesRequest.h>
代码
Aws::EC2::EC2Client ec2Client(clientConfiguration); Aws::EC2::Model::StopInstancesRequest request; request.AddInstanceIds(instanceId); request.SetDryRun(true); Aws::EC2::Model::StopInstancesOutcome dryRunOutcome = ec2Client.StopInstances(request); if (dryRunOutcome.IsSuccess()) { std::cerr << "Failed dry run to stop instance. A dry run should trigger an error." << std::endl; return false; } else if (dryRunOutcome.GetError().GetErrorType() != Aws::EC2::EC2Errors::DRY_RUN_OPERATION) { std::cout << "Failed dry run to stop instance " << instanceId << ": " << dryRunOutcome.GetError().GetMessage() << std::endl; return false; } request.SetDryRun(false); Aws::EC2::Model::StopInstancesOutcome outcome = ec2Client.StopInstances(request); if (!outcome.IsSuccess()) { std::cout << "Failed to stop instance " << instanceId << ": " << outcome.GetError().GetMessage() << std::endl; } else { std::cout << "Successfully stopped instance " << instanceId << std::endl; }
请参阅完整示例
重启实例
要重启 Amazon EC2 实例,请调用 EC2Client 的 RebootInstances 方法,并为它提供 RebootInstancesRequest,其中包含要重启实例的 ID。
包含
#include <aws/ec2/EC2Client.h> #include <aws/ec2/model/RebootInstancesRequest.h> #include <iostream>
代码
Aws::EC2::EC2Client ec2Client(clientConfiguration); Aws::EC2::Model::RebootInstancesRequest request; request.AddInstanceIds(instanceId); request.SetDryRun(true); Aws::EC2::Model::RebootInstancesOutcome dry_run_outcome = ec2Client.RebootInstances(request); if (dry_run_outcome.IsSuccess()) { std::cerr << "Failed dry run to reboot on instance. A dry run should trigger an error." << std::endl; return false; } else if (dry_run_outcome.GetError().GetErrorType() != Aws::EC2::EC2Errors::DRY_RUN_OPERATION) { std::cout << "Failed dry run to reboot instance " << instanceId << ": " << dry_run_outcome.GetError().GetMessage() << std::endl; return false; } request.SetDryRun(false); Aws::EC2::Model::RebootInstancesOutcome outcome = ec2Client.RebootInstances(request); if (!outcome.IsSuccess()) { std::cout << "Failed to reboot instance " << instanceId << ": " << outcome.GetError().GetMessage() << std::endl; } else { std::cout << "Successfully rebooted instance " << instanceId << std::endl; }
请参阅完整示例
描述实例
要列出您的实例,请创建 DescribeInstancesRequest 并调用 EC2Client 的 DescribeInstances 函数。该函数将返回 DescribeInstancesResponse 对象,您可以用它来列出您的 AWS 账户和 AWS 区域的 Amazon EC2 实例。
实例按预留进行分组。每个预留对应对启动实例的 StartInstances 的调用。要列出您的实例,您必须先调用 DescribeInstancesResponse 类的 GetReservations 函数,然后对每个返回的 Reservation 对象调用 getInstances。
包含
#include <aws/ec2/EC2Client.h> #include <aws/ec2/model/DescribeInstancesRequest.h> #include <aws/ec2/model/DescribeInstancesResponse.h> #include <iomanip> #include <iostream>
代码
Aws::EC2::EC2Client ec2Client(clientConfiguration); Aws::EC2::Model::DescribeInstancesRequest request; bool header = false; bool done = false; while (!done) { Aws::EC2::Model::DescribeInstancesOutcome outcome = ec2Client.DescribeInstances(request); if (outcome.IsSuccess()) { if (!header) { std::cout << std::left << std::setw(48) << "Name" << std::setw(20) << "ID" << std::setw(25) << "Ami" << std::setw(15) << "Type" << std::setw(15) << "State" << std::setw(15) << "Monitoring" << std::endl; header = true; } const std::vector<Aws::EC2::Model::Reservation> &reservations = outcome.GetResult().GetReservations(); for (const auto &reservation: reservations) { const std::vector<Aws::EC2::Model::Instance> &instances = reservation.GetInstances(); for (const auto &instance: instances) { Aws::String instanceStateString = Aws::EC2::Model::InstanceStateNameMapper::GetNameForInstanceStateName( instance.GetState().GetName()); Aws::String typeString = Aws::EC2::Model::InstanceTypeMapper::GetNameForInstanceType( instance.GetInstanceType()); Aws::String monitorString = Aws::EC2::Model::MonitoringStateMapper::GetNameForMonitoringState( instance.GetMonitoring().GetState()); Aws::String name = "Unknown"; const std::vector<Aws::EC2::Model::Tag> &tags = instance.GetTags(); auto nameIter = std::find_if(tags.cbegin(), tags.cend(), [](const Aws::EC2::Model::Tag &tag) { return tag.GetKey() == "Name"; }); if (nameIter != tags.cend()) { name = nameIter->GetValue(); } std::cout << std::setw(48) << name << std::setw(20) << instance.GetInstanceId() << std::setw(25) << instance.GetImageId() << std::setw(15) << typeString << std::setw(15) << instanceStateString << std::setw(15) << monitorString << std::endl; } } if (!outcome.GetResult().GetNextToken().empty()) { request.SetNextToken(outcome.GetResult().GetNextToken()); } else { done = true; } } else { std::cerr << "Failed to describe EC2 instances:" << outcome.GetError().GetMessage() << std::endl; return false; } }
结果将分页;您可以获取更多结果,方法是:将从结果对象的 GetNextToken 函数返回的值传递到您的原始请求对象的 SetNextToken 函数,然后在下一个 DescribeInstances 调用中使用相同的请求对象。
请参阅完整示例
启用实例监控
您可以监控 Amazon EC2 实例的各方面,例如 CPU 和网络利用率、可用内存和剩余磁盘空间。要了解有关实例监控的更多信息,请参阅《Amazon EC2 用户指南》中的监控 Amazon EC2。
要开始监控实例,您必须用要监控实例的 ID 创建一个 MonitorInstancesRequest,并将其传递给 EC2Client 的 MonitorInstances 函数。
包含
#include <aws/ec2/EC2Client.h> #include <aws/ec2/model/MonitorInstancesRequest.h> #include <aws/ec2/model/UnmonitorInstancesRequest.h> #include <iostream>
代码
Aws::EC2::EC2Client ec2Client(clientConfiguration); Aws::EC2::Model::MonitorInstancesRequest request; request.AddInstanceIds(instanceId); request.SetDryRun(true); Aws::EC2::Model::MonitorInstancesOutcome dryRunOutcome = ec2Client.MonitorInstances(request); if (dryRunOutcome.IsSuccess()) { std::cerr << "Failed dry run to enable monitoring on instance. A dry run should trigger an error." << std::endl; return false; } else if (dryRunOutcome.GetError().GetErrorType() != Aws::EC2::EC2Errors::DRY_RUN_OPERATION) { std::cerr << "Failed dry run to enable monitoring on instance " << instanceId << ": " << dryRunOutcome.GetError().GetMessage() << std::endl; return false; } request.SetDryRun(false); Aws::EC2::Model::MonitorInstancesOutcome monitorInstancesOutcome = ec2Client.MonitorInstances(request); if (!monitorInstancesOutcome.IsSuccess()) { std::cerr << "Failed to enable monitoring on instance " << instanceId << ": " << monitorInstancesOutcome.GetError().GetMessage() << std::endl; } else { std::cout << "Successfully enabled monitoring on instance " << instanceId << std::endl; }
请参阅完整示例
禁用实例监控
要停止监控实例,请用要停止监控实例的 ID 创建一个 UnmonitorInstancesRequest,并将其传递给 EC2Client 的 UnmonitorInstances 函数。
包含
#include <aws/ec2/EC2Client.h> #include <aws/ec2/model/MonitorInstancesRequest.h> #include <aws/ec2/model/UnmonitorInstancesRequest.h> #include <iostream>
代码
Aws::EC2::EC2Client ec2Client(clientConfiguration); Aws::EC2::Model::UnmonitorInstancesRequest unrequest; unrequest.AddInstanceIds(instanceId); unrequest.SetDryRun(true); Aws::EC2::Model::UnmonitorInstancesOutcome dryRunOutcome = ec2Client.UnmonitorInstances(unrequest); if (dryRunOutcome.IsSuccess()) { std::cerr << "Failed dry run to disable monitoring on instance. A dry run should trigger an error." << std::endl; return false; } else if (dryRunOutcome.GetError().GetErrorType() != Aws::EC2::EC2Errors::DRY_RUN_OPERATION) { std::cout << "Failed dry run to disable monitoring on instance " << instanceId << ": " << dryRunOutcome.GetError().GetMessage() << std::endl; return false; } unrequest.SetDryRun(false); Aws::EC2::Model::UnmonitorInstancesOutcome unmonitorInstancesOutcome = ec2Client.UnmonitorInstances(unrequest); if (!unmonitorInstancesOutcome.IsSuccess()) { std::cout << "Failed to disable monitoring on instance " << instanceId << ": " << unmonitorInstancesOutcome.GetError().GetMessage() << std::endl; } else { std::cout << "Successfully disable monitoring on instance " << instanceId << std::endl; }
请参阅完整示例
更多信息
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《Amazon EC2 API 参考》中的 RunInstances
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《Amazon EC2 API 参考》中的 DescribeInstances
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《Amazon EC2 API 参考》中的 StartInstances
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《Amazon EC2 API 参考》中的 StopInstances
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《Amazon EC2 API 参考》中的 RebootInstances
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《Amazon EC2 API 参考》中的 DescribeInstances
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《Amazon EC2 API 参考》中的 MonitorInstances
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《Amazon EC2 API 参考》中的 UnmonitorInstances