从补丁 198 开始，Amazon Redshift 将不再支持创建新的 Python UDF。现有的 Python UDF 将继续正常运行至 2026 年 6 月 30 日。有关更多信息，请参阅[博客文章](https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/big-data/amazon-redshift-python-user-defined-functions-will-reach-end-of-support-after-june-30-2026/)。

# STL\$1EXPLAIN
<a name="r_STL_EXPLAIN"></a>

显示已提交供执行的查询的 EXPLAIN 计划。

STL\$1EXPLAIN 对所有用户可见。超级用户可以查看所有行；普通用户只能查看其自己的数据。有关更多信息，请参阅 [系统表和视图中的数据可见性](cm_chap_system-tables.md#c_visibility-of-data)。

**注意**  
STL\$1EXPLAIN 仅包含在主预置集群上运行的查询。它不包含在并发扩展集群或无服务器命名空间上运行的查询。要访问在主集群、并发扩展集群和无服务器命名空间上运行的查询的解释计划，我们建议您使用 SYS 监控视图 [SYS\$1QUERY\$1EXPLAIN](SYS_QUERY_EXPLAIN.md)。SYS 监控视图中的数据经过格式化处理，便于使用和理解。

## 表列
<a name="r_STL_EXPLAIN-table-columns"></a>

[\[See the AWS documentation website for more details\]](http://docs.aws.amazon.com/zh_cn/redshift/latest/dg/r_STL_EXPLAIN.html)

## 示例查询
<a name="r_STL_EXPLAIN-sample-queries"></a>

考虑聚合联接查询的以下 EXPLAIN 输出：

```
explain select avg(datediff(day, listtime, saletime)) as avgwait
from sales, listing where sales.listid = listing.listid;
                                  QUERY PLAN
                                  
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 XN Aggregate  (cost=6350.30..6350.31 rows=1 width=16)
  ->  XN Hash Join DS_DIST_NONE  (cost=47.08..6340.89 rows=3766 width=16)
        Hash Cond: ("outer".listid = "inner".listid)
        -> XN Seq Scan on listing  (cost=0.00..1924.97 rows=192497 width=12)
        -> XN Hash  (cost=37.66..37.66 rows=3766 width=12)
              -> XN Seq Scan on sales  (cost=0.00..37.66 rows=3766 width=12)
(6 rows)
```

如果您运行此查询且其查询 ID 为 10，则您可以使用 STL\$1EXPLAIN 表来查看 EXPLAIN 命令返回的同类信息：

```
select query,nodeid,parentid,substring(plannode from 1 for 30),
substring(info from 1 for 20) from stl_explain
where query=10 order by 1,2;

query| nodeid |parentid|           substring            |    substring
-----+--------+--------+--------------------------------+-------------------
10   |      1 |      0 |XN Aggregate  (cost=6717.61..6  |
10   |      2 |      1 |  -> XN Merge Join DS_DIST_NO   | Merge Cond:("outer"
10   |      3 |      2 |       -> XN Seq Scan on lis    |
10   |      4 |      2 |       -> XN Seq Scan on sal    |
(4 rows)
```

请考虑以下查询：

```
select event.eventid, sum(pricepaid)
from event, sales
where event.eventid=sales.eventid
group by event.eventid order by 2 desc;

eventid |   sum
--------+----------
    289 | 51846.00
   7895 | 51049.00
   1602 | 50301.00
    851 | 49956.00
   7315 | 49823.00
...
```

 如果此查询的 ID 为 15，则以下系统视图查询返回已完成的计划节点。在这种情况下，将反转节点的顺序以显示执行的实际顺序：

```
select query,nodeid,parentid,substring(plannode from 1 for 56)
from stl_explain where query=15 order by 1, 2 desc;

query|nodeid|parentid|                          substring
-----+------+--------+--------------------------------------------------------
15   |    8 |      7 |                                -> XN Seq Scan on eve
15   |    7 |      5 |                          -> XN Hash(cost=87.98..87.9
15   |    6 |      5 |                          -> XN Seq Scan on sales(cos
15   |    5 |      4 |                    -> XN Hash Join DS_DIST_OUTER(cos
15   |    4 |      3 |              -> XN HashAggregate(cost=862286577.07..
15   |    3 |      2 |        -> XN Sort(cost=1000862287175.47..10008622871
15   |    2 |      1 |  -> XN Network(cost=1000862287175.47..1000862287197.
15   |    1 |      0 |XN Merge(cost=1000862287175.47..1000862287197.46 rows=87
(8 rows)
```

以下查询检索包含一个窗口函数的任何查询计划的查询 ID：

```
select query, trim(plannode) from stl_explain
where plannode like '%Window%';

query|                                     btrim
-----+------------------------------------------------------------------------
26   | -> XN Window(cost=1000985348268.57..1000985351256.98 rows=170 width=33)
27   | -> XN Window(cost=1000985348268.57..1000985351256.98 rows=170 width=33)
(2 rows)
```