# 将 Amazon EventBridge 与 IVS 低延迟直播功能结合使用
您可以使用 Amazon EventBridge 来监控您的 Amazon Interactive Video Service (IVS) 流。
Amazon IVS 将有关流状态的更改事件发送到 Amazon EventBridge。传递的所有事件都有效。但是，事件将尽最大努力发出，这意味着并不能保证：
+ 传递事件 – 会发生指定的事件（例如，流启动），但 Amazon IVS 可能不会向 EventBridge 发送相应的更改事件。Amazon IVS 尝试在放弃之前传递几个小时的事件。
+ 事件将在指定的时间范围内传递 – 您可能会收到几个小时之前的事件。
+ 按顺序传送事件：事件可能无序，尤其是在短时间内相互发送的情况下。例如，您会在先看到向下流，再看到向上流。
尽管事件丢失、延迟或无序的情况很少，但如果您编写了取决于通知事件的顺序或存在的关键业务程序，则应处理这些可能性。
您可以为以下任何事件创建 EventBridge 规则。
| 事件类型 | 活动 | 发送时间： |
| --- | --- | --- |
| IVS 流状态更改 | 已创建会话 | 已成功使用了通道流密钥并创建了流会话。将在启动流时触发此事件，然后再处理视频或将视频传送给查看器。此事件可以帮助您确定流是否已启动但未能上线；例如，由于配置错误或违反限制。 |
| IVS 流状态更改 | 会话已结束 | 编码器断开连接，并且 Amazon IVS 不再接收视频。此事件可以帮助您确定编码器何时停止发送媒体。对于多轨道直播，`code` 字段可以提供有关会话结束原因的更多详细信息。有关详细信息，请参阅 [StreamEvent](https://docs.aws.amazon.com//ivs/latest/LowLatencyAPIReference/API_StreamEvent.html) API 对象中的 `code` 字段。
注意：当编码器断开连接时，“会话已结束”事件可能会发生在“流结束”事件之前。这是因为在“会话已结束”事件后的一小段时间内，Amazon IVS 仍在处理视频。 |
| IVS 流状态更改 | 流启动 | 正在处理流，片段可供观众观看。此事件表示视频流正在处理中，查看器可以观看。此事件可以帮助您确定流是否成功上线。 |
| IVS 流状态更改 | 流结束 | 流停止处理，不再为观众生成视频片段。此事件可以帮助您确定流何时结束，并且观众不能使用任何新的视频片段。（另请参阅“会话已结束”中的备注。） |
| IVS 流状态更改 | 流失败 | 由于超出了处理容量，流尚未处理且不可用。 |
| IVS 流状态更改 | 直播接管 | 现有直播已被接管。 |
| IVS 流状态更改 | 直播接管失败 | 尝试接管现有直播被拒绝。code 字段提供了有关直播接管失败原因的更多详细信息。有几个值；请注意，IVS 控制台中提供了详细描述，但不通过 IVS API 或 EventBridge 提供：[See the AWS documentation website for more details](http://docs.aws.amazon.com/zh_cn/ivs/latest/LowLatencyUserGuide/eventbridge.html) |
| IVS 流运行状况更改 | 饥饿开始 | 流没有从流播放器接收数据；流被称作处于“饥饿”状态。 |
| IVS 流运行状况更改 | 饥饿结束 | 饥饿的流开始从流播放器接收数据，并且流再次运行正常。 |
| IVS 限制违反 | 采集比特率 | 传入流的比特率超过 Amazon IVS 限制。 |
| IVS 限制违反 | 采集分辨率 | 传入流的分辨率超过 Amazon IVS 限制。 |
| IVS 限制违反 | 并发广播 | 同时流传输的通道总数超过 Amazon IVS 限制。 |
| IVS 限制违反 | 并发观众 | 同时观看您通道的观众总数超过 Amazon IVS 限制。 |
| IVS 录制状态更改 | 开始录制 | 开始处理流，并且已创建并验证录制前缀。将片段写入为通道配置的存储位置。
请注意，在实时流启动并发出录制开始事件后，需要一点时间将清单文件和视频段写入为通道配置的 S3 存储桶。我们建议仅在发送“录制结束”事件后回放或处理录制的流。 |
| IVS 录制状态更改 | 结束录制 | 此通道的流结束并停止录制。 |
| IVS 录制状态更改 | 录制启动失败 | 流启动，但由于错误而无法启动录制（例如，S3 存储桶不存在或不在正确的区域）。此实时流不会被录制。 |
| IVS 录制状态更改 | 录制结束失败 | 由于录制过程中遇到错误，录制以失败结束（例如，如果尝试写入主播放列表失败）。某些对象可能仍会写入已配置的存储位置。 |
**关于流 ID 的注释：**`stream_id` 字段（在许多事件中）是每次通道上线时分配的唯一流标识符。对于给定通道，每个实时流都有一个新的 `stream_id`。因此，每个通道 ARN 可以有许多相应的流 ID。流 ID 允许客户区分同一通道上的不同流会话。
**关于某些事件延迟的注释：**编码器配置设置，特别是 IDR/关键帧间隔，会影响流开启的时间和相关事件（流开启和录制开启）的延迟。较短的关键帧间隔会减少此延迟。请参阅 *Amazon IVS 流式处理配置*中的[“减少延迟”](streaming-config.md#streaming-config-reducing-latency)，了解有关设置 `IDR/Keyframe` 的信息。
## 为 Amazon IVS 创建 Amazon EventBridge 规则
您可以创建针对 Amazon IVS 发出的事件进行触发的规则。请按照 *Amazon EventBridge User Guide* 中的 [Create a rule in Amazon EventBridge](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/eventbridge/latest/userguide/eb-get-started.html) 步骤操作。选择服务时，选择 **Interactive Video Service（IVS）**。
## 示例：流状态更改
**会话已创建：**成功使用通道直播密钥并创建了直播会话时发送此事件。
```
{
"version": "0",
"id": "aa5b7a40-36cf-8dc4-5554-32d70e047215",
"detail-type": "IVS Stream State Change",
"source": "aws.ivs",
"account": "535011710559",
"time": "2024-09-09T16:17:26Z",
"region": "us-east-1",
"resources": [
"arn:aws:ivs:us-west-2:535011710559:channel/UCGaMPGLCbcE"
],
"detail": {
"event_name": "Session Created",
"channel_name": "",
"stream_id": "st-1AuTyMDASvHUTSb8p5PvbsO"
}
}
```
**会话已结束：**编码器断开连接且 IVS 不再接收视频时发送此事件。
```
{
"version": "0",
"id": "6f2723f3-ee31-9e48-b030-ac865e261a8e",
"detail-type": "IVS Stream State Change",
"source": "aws.ivs",
"account": "535011710559",
"time": "2024-09-09T16:17:26Z",
"region": "us-east-1",
"resources": [
"arn:aws:ivs:us-west-2:535011710559:channel/UCGaMPGLCbcE"
],
"detail": {
"event_name": "Session Ended",
"channel_name": "",
"code": "MultitrackInputNotAllowed",
"stream_id": "st-1AuTyMDASvHUTSb8p5PvbsO"
}
}
```
**流开始：**当流正在处理且片段可供观众观看时，将发送此事件。
```
{
"version": "0",
"id": "01234567-0123-0123-0123-012345678901",
"detail-type": "IVS Stream State Change",
"source": "aws.ivs",
"account": "aws_account_id",
"time": "2017-06-12T10:23:43Z",
"region": "us-east-1",
"resources": [
"arn:aws:ivs:us-east-1:aws_account_id:channel/12345678-1a23-4567-a1bc-1a2b34567890"
],
"detail": {
"event_name": "Stream Start",
"channel_name": "Your Channel",
"stream_id": "st-1A2b3c4D5e6F78ghij9Klmn"
}
}
```
**流结束：**当流停止处理并且不再为观众生成视频片段时，将发送此事件。
```
{
"version": "0",
"id": "01234567-0123-0123-0123-012345678901",
"detail-type": "IVS Stream State Change",
"source": "aws.ivs",
"account": "aws_account_id",
"time": "2017-06-12T10:23:43Z",
"region": "us-east-1",
"resources": [
"arn:aws:ivs:us-east-1:aws_account_id:channel/12345678-1a23-4567-a1bc-1a2b34567890"
],
"detail": {
"event_name": "Stream End",
"channel_name": "Your Channel",
"stream_id": "st-1A2b3c4D5e6F78ghij9Klmn"
}
}
```
**流失败：**当流未处理且由于超出了处理容量而不可用时，将发送此事件。
```
{
"version": "0",
"id": "01234567-0123-0123-0123-012345678901",
"detail-type": "IVS Stream State Change",
"source": "aws.ivs",
"account": "aws_account_id",
"time": "2017-06-12T10:23:43Z",
"region": "us-east-1",
"resources": [
"arn:aws:ivs:us-east-1:aws_account_id:channel/12345678-1a23-4567-a1bc-1a2b34567890"
],
"detail": {
"event_name": "Stream Failure",
"channel_name": "Your Channel",
"stream_id": "st-1A2b3c4D5e6F78ghij9Klmn",
"reason": "Transcode capacity exceeded. Please try again."
}
}
```
**直播接管：**现有直播被接管时发送此事件。
```
{
"version": "0",
"id": "01234567-0123-0123-0123-012345678901",
"detail-type": "IVS Stream State Change",
"source": "aws.ivs",
"account": "aws_account_id",
"time": "2017-06-12T10:23:43Z",
"region": "us-east-1",
"resources": [
"arn:aws:ivs:us-east-1:aws_account_id:channel/12345678-1a23-4567-a1bc-1a2b34567890"
],
"detail": {
"event_name": "Stream Takeover",
"channel_name": "Your Channel",
"stream_id": "st-1A2b3c4D5e6F78ghij9Klmn"
}
}
```
**直播接管失败：**尝试接管现有直播被拒绝时发送此事件。这可能是由于编解码器/分辨率/视频轨道类型不匹配、优先级整数无效或超过每个直播的最大接管次数。
```
{
"version": "0",
"id": "01234567-0123-0123-0123-012345678901",
"detail-type": "IVS Stream State Change",
"source": "aws.ivs",
"account": "aws_account_id",
"time": "2017-06-12T10:23:43Z",
"region": "us-east-1",
"resources": [
"arn:aws:ivs:us-east-1:aws_account_id:channel/12345678-1a23-4567-a1bc-1a2b34567890"
],
"detail": {
"event_name": "Stream Takeover Failure",
"channel_name": "Your Channel",
"stream_id": "st-1A2b3c4D5e6F78ghij9Klmn",
"code": "StreamTakeoverInvalidPriority"
}
}
```
## 示例：流运行状况更改
**资源匮乏开始：**当流未从流播放器接收数据时，将发送此事件；该流被认为处于“资源匮乏”状态。
```
{
"version": "0",
"id": "01234567-0123-0123-0123-012345678901",
"detail-type": "IVS Stream Health Change",
"source": "aws.ivs",
"account": "aws_account_id",
"time": "2017-06-12T10:23:43Z",
"region": "us-east-1",
"resources": [
"arn:aws:ivs:us-east-1:aws_account_id:channel/12345678-1a23-4567-a1bc-1a2b34567890"
],
"detail": {
"event_name": "Starvation Start",
"channel_name": "Your Channel",
"stream_id": "st-1A2b3c4D5e6F78ghij9Klmn"
}
}
```
**资源匮乏结束：**当资源匮乏的流开始从流播放器接收数据并且流再次运行正常时，将发送此事件。
```
{
"version": "0",
"id": "01234567-0123-0123-0123-012345678901",
"detail-type": "IVS Stream Health Change",
"source": "aws.ivs",
"account": "aws_account_id",
"time": "2017-06-12T10:23:43Z",
"region": "us-east-1",
"resources": [
"arn:aws:ivs:us-east-1:aws_account_id:channel/12345678-1a23-4567-a1bc-1a2b34567890"
],
"detail": {
"event_name": "Starvation End",
"channel_name": "Your Channel",
"stream_id": "st-1A2b3c4D5e6F78ghij9Klmn"
}
}
```
## 示例：违反限制
所有违反限制事件都包括违反的限制的名称、限制值以及超出限制的数量（违反时的值减去限制）。
**摄取比特率：**当传入流的比特率超过 Amazon IVS 限制时，将发送此事件。
```
{
"version": "0",
"id": "01234567-0123-0123-0123-012345678901",
"detail-type": "IVS Limit Breach",
"source": "aws.ivs",
"account": "aws_account_id",
"time": "2017-06-12T10:23:43Z",
"region": "us-east-1",
"resources": [
"arn:aws:ivs:us-east-1:aws_account_id:channel/12345678-1a23-4567-a1bc-1a2b34567890"
],
"detail": {
"limit_name": "Ingest Bitrate",
"limit_value": 1234,
"exceeded_by": 3,
"limit_unit": "bits per second",
"channel_name": "Your Channel",
"stream_id": "st-1A2b3c4D5e6F78ghij9Klmn"
}
}
```
**摄取分辨率：**当传入流的分辨率（像素总数或每个边缘的像素）超过 Amazon IVS 限制时，将发送此事件。
超出最大像素总数：
```
{
"version": "0",
"id": "01234567-0123-0123-0123-012345678901",
"detail-type": "IVS Limit Breach",
"source": "aws.ivs",
"account": "aws_account_id",
"time": "2017-06-12T10:23:43Z",
"region": "us-east-1",
"resources": [
"arn:aws:ivs:us-east-1:aws_account_id:channel/12345678-1a23-4567-a1bc-1a2b34567890"
],
"detail": {
"limit_name": "Ingest Resolution",
"limit_value": 495000,
"exceeded_by": 426600,
"limit_unit": "total pixels",
"channel_name": "Your Channel",
"stream_id": "st-1A2b3c4D5e6F78ghij9Klmn"
}
}
```
超出每个边缘的最大像素数：
```
{
"version": "0",
"id": "01234567-0123-0123-0123-012345678901",
"detail-type": "IVS Limit Breach",
"source": "aws.ivs",
"account": "aws_account_id",
"time": "2017-06-12T10:23:43Z",
"region": "us-east-1",
"resources": [
"arn:aws:ivs:us-east-1:aws_account_id:channel/12345678-1a23-4567-a1bc-1a2b34567890"TBD
],
"detail": {
"limit_name": "Ingest Resolution",
"limit_value": 855,
"exceeded_by": 45,
"limit_unit": "pixels per edge",
"channel_name": "Your Channel",
"stream_id": "st-1A2b3c4D5e6F78ghij9Klmn"
}
}
```
**并发广播：**当同时进行流传输的通道总数超过 Amazon IVS 限制时，将发送此事件。
```
{
"version": "0",
"id": "01234567-0123-0123-0123-012345678901",
"detail-type": "IVS Limit Breach",
"source": "aws.ivs",
"account": "aws_account_id",
"time": "2017-06-12T10:23:43Z",
"region": "us-east-1",
"resources": [],
"detail": {
"limit_name": "Concurrent Broadcasts",
"limit_value": 2,
"exceeded_by": 3,
"limit_unit": "active streams"
}
}
```
**并发查看器：**当同时观看您通道的查看器总数超过 Amazon IVS 限制时，将发送此事件。
```
{
"version": "0",
"id": "01234567-0123-0123-0123-012345678901",
"detail-type": "IVS Limit Breach",
"source": "aws.ivs",
"account": "aws_account_id",
"time": "2017-06-12T10:23:43Z",
"region": "us-east-1",
"resources": [],
"detail": {
"limit_name": "Concurrent Viewers",
"limit_value": 10,
"exceeded_by": 11,
"limit_unit": "viewers"
}
}
```
## 示例：录制状态更改
对于所有录制状态更改事件，存储此直播所有对象的顶级路径为 `recording_s3_key_prefix`。在失败的情况下，失败的原因是 `recording_status_reason`。`recording_duration_ms` 字段是录制持续时间的毫秒数。
**录制开始：**当开始处理流并将片段写入为通道配置的存储位置时，将发送此事件。
```
{
"version": "0",
"id": "12345678-1a23-4567-a1bc-1a2b34567890",
"detail-type": "IVS Recording State Change",
"source": "aws.ivs",
"account": "123456789012",
"time": "2020-06-23T20:12:36Z",
"region": "us-west-2",
"resources": [
"arn:aws:ivs:us-west-2:123456789012:channel/AbCdef1G2hij"
],
"detail": {
"channel_name": "Your Channel",
"stream_id": "st-1A2b3c4D5e6F78ghij9Klmn",
"recording_status": "Recording Start",
"recording_status_reason": "",
"recording_s3_bucket_name": "r2s3-dev-channel-1-recordings",
"recording_s3_key_prefix": "ivs/v1/123456789012/AbCdef1G2hij/2020/6/23/20/12/j8Z9O91ndcVs",
"recording_duration_ms": 0,
"recording_session_id": "a6RfV23ES97iyfoQ"
}
}
```
**录制结束：**当流结束并停止此通道的录制时，将发送此事件。
```
{
"version": "0",
"id": "12345678-1a23-4567-a1bc-1a2b34567890",
"detail-type": "IVS Recording State Change",
"source": "aws.ivs",
"account": "123456789012",
"time": "2020-06-24T07:51:32Z",
"region": "us-west-2",
"resources": [
"arn:aws:ivs:us-west-2:123456789012:channel/AbCdef1G2hij"
],
"detail": {
"channel_name": "Your Channel",
"stream_id": "st-1A2b3c4D5e6F78ghij9Klmn",
"recording_status": "Recording End",
"recording_status_reason": "",
"recording_s3_bucket_name": "r2s3-dev-channel-1-recordings",
"recording_s3_key_prefix": "ivs/v1/123456789012/AbCdef1G2hij/2020/6/23/20/12/j8Z9O91ndcVs",
"recording_duration_ms": 99370264,
"recording_session_id": "a6RfV23ES97iyfoQ",
"recording_session_stream_ids": ["st-254sopYUvi6F78ghpO9vn0A", "st-1A2b3c4D5e6F78ghij9Klmn"]
}
}
```
**录制开启失败：**当流开启但由于错误（例如，S3 存储桶不存在或不在正确的区域）而无法开启时，将发送此事件。此实时流不会被录制。
```
{
"version": "0",
"id": "12345678-1a23-4567-a1bc-1a2b34567890",
"detail-type": "IVS Recording State Change",
"source": "aws.ivs",
"account": "123456789012",
"time": "2020-06-23T20:12:36Z",
"region": "us-west-2",
"resources": [
"arn:aws:ivs:us-west-2:123456789012:channel/AbCdef1G2hij"
],
"detail": {
"channel_name": "Your Channel",
"stream_id": "st-1A2b3c4D5e6F78ghij9Klmn",
"recording_status": "Recording Start Failure",
"recording_status_reason": "ValidationException",
"recording_s3_bucket_name": "r2s3-dev-channel-1-recordings",
"recording_s3_key_prefix": "",
"recording_duration_ms": 0,
"recording_session_id": "a6RfV23ES97iyfoQ"
}
}
```
**录制结束失败：**由于录制过程中遇到错误，录制结束失败时会发送此事件。某些对象可能仍会写入已配置的存储位置。
```
{
"version": "0",
"id": "12345678-1a23-4567-a1bc-1a2b34567890",
"detail-type": "IVS Recording State Change",
"source": "aws.ivs",
"account": "123456789012",
"time": "2020-06-24T07:51:32Z",
"region": "us-west-2",
"resources": [
"arn:aws:ivs:us-west-2:123456a7-ab1c-2d34-e5f6-1a2b3c4d5678"
],
"detail": {
"channel_name": "Your Channel",
"stream_id": "st-1A2b3c4D5e6F78ghij9Klmn",
"recording_status": "Recording End Failure",
"recording_status_reason": "InternalServerException",
"recording_s3_bucket_name": "r2s3-dev-channel-1-recordings",
"recording_s3_key_prefix": "ivs/v1/123456789012/AbCdef1G2hij/2020/6/23/20/12/j8Z9O91ndcVs",
"recording_duration_ms": 0,
"recording_session_id": "a6RfV23ES97iyfoQ"
}
}
```