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# 理解 AWS 的托管策略 AWS IoT Device Tester
AWS 托管策略是由创建和管理的独立策略 AWS。 AWS 托管策略旨在为许多常见用例提供权限，以便您可以开始为用户、组和角色分配权限。
请记住， AWS 托管策略可能不会为您的特定用例授予最低权限权限，因为它们可供所有 AWS 客户使用。我们建议通过定义特定于使用案例的[客户管理型策略](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/IAM/latest/UserGuide/access_policies_managed-vs-inline.html#customer-managed-policies)来进一步减少权限。
您无法更改 AWS 托管策略中定义的权限。如果 AWS 更新 AWS 托管策略中定义的权限，则更新会影响该策略所关联的所有委托人身份（用户、组和角色）。 AWS 最有可能在启动新的 API 或现有服务可以使用新 AWS 服务 的 API 操作时更新 AWS 托管策略。
有关更多信息，请参阅《IAM 用户指南》**中的 [AWS 托管式策略](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/IAM/latest/UserGuide/access_policies_managed-vs-inline.html#aws-managed-policies)。
**Topics**
+ [AWS 托管策略： AWS IoTDeviceTesterForFreeRTOSFullAccess](#aws-managed-policies-AWSIoTDT)
+ [更新到 AWS 托管策略](#aws-managed-policy-updates)
## AWS 托管策略： AWS IoTDeviceTesterForFreeRTOSFullAccess
`AWSIoTDeviceTesterForFreeRTOSFullAccess`托管策略包含版本检查、auto update 功能和指标收集的以下 AWS IoT Device Tester 权限。
**权限详细信息**
该策略包含以下权限：
+ `iot-device-tester:SupportedVersion`
授 AWS IoT Device Tester 予获取受支持产品、测试套件和 IDT 版本列表的权限。
+ `iot-device-tester:LatestIdt`
授 AWS IoT Device Tester 予获取可供下载的最新 IDT 版本的权限。
+ `iot-device-tester:CheckVersion`
授 AWS IoT Device Tester 予检查 IDT、测试套件和产品的版本兼容性的权限。
+ `iot-device-tester:DownloadTestSuite`
授 AWS IoT Device Tester 予下载测试套件更新的权限。
+ `iot-device-tester:SendMetrics`
授 AWS 予收集有关 AWS IoT Device Tester 内部使用情况的指标的权限。
------
#### [ JSON ]
****
```
{
"Version":"2012-10-17",
"Statement": [
{
"Sid": "VisualEditor0",
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": "iam:PassRole",
"Resource": "arn:aws:iam::*:role/idt-*",
"Condition": {
"StringEquals": {
"iam:PassedToService": "iot.amazonaws.com"
}
}
},
{
"Sid": "VisualEditor1",
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": [
"iot:DeleteThing",
"iot:AttachThingPrincipal",
"iot:DeleteCertificate",
"iot:GetRegistrationCode",
"iot:CreatePolicy",
"iot:UpdateCACertificate",
"s3:ListBucket",
"iot:DescribeEndpoint",
"iot:CreateOTAUpdate",
"iot:CreateStream",
"signer:ListSigningJobs",
"acm:ListCertificates",
"iot:CreateKeysAndCertificate",
"iot:UpdateCertificate",
"iot:CreateCertificateFromCsr",
"iot:DetachThingPrincipal",
"iot:RegisterCACertificate",
"iot:CreateThing",
"iam:ListRoles",
"iot:RegisterCertificate",
"iot:DeleteCACertificate",
"signer:PutSigningProfile",
"s3:ListAllMyBuckets",
"signer:ListSigningPlatforms",
"iot-device-tester:SendMetrics",
"iot-device-tester:SupportedVersion",
"iot-device-tester:LatestIdt",
"iot-device-tester:CheckVersion",
"iot-device-tester:DownloadTestSuite"
],
"Resource": "*"
},
{
"Sid": "VisualEditor2",
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": [
"iam:GetRole",
"signer:StartSigningJob",
"acm:GetCertificate",
"signer:DescribeSigningJob",
"s3:CreateBucket",
"execute-api:Invoke",
"s3:DeleteBucket",
"s3:PutBucketVersioning",
"signer:CancelSigningProfile"
],
"Resource": [
"arn:aws:execute-api:us-east-1:098862408343:9xpmnvs5h4/prod/POST/metrics",
"arn:aws:signer:*:*:/signing-profiles/*",
"arn:aws:signer:*:*:/signing-jobs/*",
"arn:aws:iam::*:role/idt-*",
"arn:aws:acm:*:*:certificate/*",
"arn:aws:s3:::idt-*",
"arn:aws:s3:::afr-ota*"
]
},
{
"Sid": "VisualEditor3",
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": [
"iot:DeleteStream",
"iot:DeleteCertificate",
"iot:AttachPolicy",
"iot:DetachPolicy",
"iot:DeletePolicy",
"s3:ListBucketVersions",
"iot:UpdateCertificate",
"iot:GetOTAUpdate",
"iot:DeleteOTAUpdate",
"iot:DescribeJobExecution"
],
"Resource": [
"arn:aws:s3:::afr-ota*",
"arn:aws:iot:*:*:thinggroup/idt*",
"arn:aws:iam::*:role/idt-*"
]
},
{
"Sid": "VisualEditor4",
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": [
"iot:DeleteCertificate",
"iot:AttachPolicy",
"iot:DetachPolicy",
"s3:DeleteObjectVersion",
"iot:DeleteOTAUpdate",
"s3:PutObject",
"s3:GetObject",
"iot:DeleteStream",
"iot:DeletePolicy",
"s3:DeleteObject",
"iot:UpdateCertificate",
"iot:GetOTAUpdate",
"s3:GetObjectVersion",
"iot:DescribeJobExecution"
],
"Resource": [
"arn:aws:s3:::afr-ota*/*",
"arn:aws:s3:::idt-*/*",
"arn:aws:iot:*:*:policy/idt*",
"arn:aws:iam::*:role/idt-*",
"arn:aws:iot:*:*:otaupdate/idt*",
"arn:aws:iot:*:*:thing/idt*",
"arn:aws:iot:*:*:cert/*",
"arn:aws:iot:*:*:job/*",
"arn:aws:iot:*:*:stream/*"
]
},
{
"Sid": "VisualEditor5",
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": [
"s3:PutObject",
"s3:GetObject"
],
"Resource": [
"arn:aws:s3:::afr-ota*/*",
"arn:aws:s3:::idt-*/*"
]
},
{
"Sid": "VisualEditor6",
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": [
"iot:CancelJobExecution"
],
"Resource": [
"arn:aws:iot:*:*:job/*",
"arn:aws:iot:*:*:thing/idt*"
]
},
{
"Sid": "VisualEditor7",
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": [
"ec2:TerminateInstances"
],
"Resource": [
"arn:aws:ec2:*:*:instance/*"
],
"Condition": {
"StringEquals": {
"ec2:ResourceTag/Owner": "IoTDeviceTester"
}
}
},
{
"Sid": "VisualEditor8",
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": [
"ec2:AuthorizeSecurityGroupIngress",
"ec2:DeleteSecurityGroup"
],
"Resource": [
"arn:aws:ec2:*:*:security-group/*"
],
"Condition": {
"StringEquals": {
"ec2:ResourceTag/Owner": "IoTDeviceTester"
}
}
},
{
"Sid": "VisualEditor9",
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": [
"ec2:RunInstances"
],
"Resource": [
"arn:aws:ec2:*:*:instance/*"
],
"Condition": {
"StringEquals": {
"aws:RequestTag/Owner": "IoTDeviceTester"
}
}
},
{
"Sid": "VisualEditor10",
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": [
"ec2:RunInstances"
],
"Resource": [
"arn:aws:ec2:*:*:image/*",
"arn:aws:ec2:*:*:security-group/*",
"arn:aws:ec2:*:*:volume/*",
"arn:aws:ec2:*:*:key-pair/*",
"arn:aws:ec2:*:*:placement-group/*",
"arn:aws:ec2:*:*:snapshot/*",
"arn:aws:ec2:*:*:network-interface/*",
"arn:aws:ec2:*:*:subnet/*"
]
},
{
"Sid": "VisualEditor11",
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": [
"ec2:CreateSecurityGroup"
],
"Resource": [
"arn:aws:ec2:*:*:security-group/*"
],
"Condition": {
"StringEquals": {
"aws:RequestTag/Owner": "IoTDeviceTester"
}
}
},
{
"Sid": "VisualEditor12",
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": [
"ec2:DescribeInstances",
"ec2:DescribeSecurityGroups",
"ssm:DescribeParameters",
"ssm:GetParameters"
],
"Resource": "*"
},
{
"Sid": "VisualEditor13",
"Effect": "Allow",
"Action": [
"ec2:CreateTags"
],
"Resource": [
"arn:aws:ec2:*:*:security-group/*",
"arn:aws:ec2:*:*:instance/*"
],
"Condition": {
"ForAnyValue:StringEquals": {
"aws:TagKeys": [
"Owner"
]
},
"StringEquals": {
"ec2:CreateAction": [
"RunInstances",
"CreateSecurityGroup"
]
}
}
}
]
}
```
------
## 更新到 AWS 托管策略
您可以查看自该服务开始跟踪这些更改之时 AWS IoT Device Tester 起的 AWS 托管策略更新的详细信息。
| 版本 | 更改 | 描述 | 日期 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 7（最新） | 重构了 `ec2:CreateTags` 条件。 | 移除了 `ForAnyValues` 的使用。 | 6/14/2023 |
| 6 | 从策略中移除了 `freertos:ListHardwarePlatforms`。 | 移除权限，因为自 2023 年 3 月 1 日起，此操作已弃用。 | 6/2/2023 |
| 5 | 添加了使用 EC2 运行 Echo 服务器测试的权限。 | 这用于启动和停止客户 AWS 账户中的 EC2 实例。 | 12/15/2020 |
| 4 | 增加了 `iot:CancelJobExecution`。 | 此权限会取消 OTA 作业。 | 7/17/2020 |
| 3 | 添加了以下权限：[See the AWS documentation website for more details](http://docs.aws.amazon.com/zh_cn/freertos/latest/userguide/security-iam-aws-managed-policies.html) | [See the AWS documentation website for more details](http://docs.aws.amazon.com/zh_cn/freertos/latest/userguide/security-iam-aws-managed-policies.html) | 3/23/2020 |
| 2 | 添加了 `iot-device-tester:SendMetrics` 权限。 | 授 AWS 予收集有关 AWS IoT Device Tester 内部使用情况的指标的权限。 | 2/18/2020 |
| 1 | 初始版本。 | | 2/12/2020 |