Amazon Forecast 不再向新买家开放。Amazon Forecast 的现有客户可以继续照常使用该服务。[了解更多](https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/machine-learning/transition-your-amazon-forecast-usage-to-amazon-sagemaker-canvas/)
本文属于机器翻译版本。若本译文内容与英语原文存在差异，则一律以英文原文为准。
# 接收作业状态通知
您可以让 Amazon EventBridge 或 Amazon E CloudWatch vents 将正在进行的 Amazon Forecast 资源任务（例如创建预测变量或预测）的状态更新通知您。 EventBridge 和 “ CloudWatch 事件” 提供了近乎实时的系统事件流，这些事件描述了 Amazon Web Services (AWS) 资源的变化。例如，您可以设置一个事件，以便在 Forecast 预测器完成训练时通知您。
尽最大努力发布事件。有关事件的更多信息，请参阅《[亚马逊 EventBridge 用户指南》或《](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/eventbridge/latest/userguide/what-is-amazon-eventbridge.html)[亚马逊 CloudWatch 活动用户指南》](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonCloudWatch/latest/events/WhatIsCloudWatchEvents.html)。
**注意**
我们建议使用 Amazon EventBridge 来管理活动。 CloudWatch 事件和 EventBridge 使用相同的 API 并提供相同的功能，但 EventBridge 提供的功能更多。您在 CloudWatch 或中所做的更改 EventBridge 将显示在每个主机中。有关更多信息，请参阅 [Amazon EventBridge](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/eventbridge/index.html)。
**Topics**
+ [监控 Forecast 资源作业](#forecast-events)
+ [创建 Job 状态通知 EventBridge 规则](#create-rule-event-bridge)
+ [为 Job 状态通知创建 CloudWatch 事件规则](#create-rule-cloud-watch)
## 监控 Forecast 资源作业
事件表示您的 AWS 环境发生了变化，规则匹配传入的事件并将其路由到目标进行处理。您可以设置规则来匹配 Forecast 事件，并将它们路由到一个或多个目标函数或流。 EventBridge 和 “ CloudWatch 事件” 可在事件发生时对其进行检测并调用匹配规则中的目标。
下表列出了您可以监控的 Forecast 资源作业及其状态变更事件。
| 资源作业 | 状态变更事件名称 | 状态 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| [CreateDatasetImportJob](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/forecast/latest/dg/API_CreateDatasetImportJob.html) | Forecast 数据集导入作业状态变更 | ACTIVE、CREATE\$1IN\$1PROGRESS、CREATE\$1FAILED、 CREATE\$1STOPPED |
| [CreatePredictor](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/forecast/latest/dg/API_CreatePredictor.html) | Forecast 预测器创建状态变更 | ACTIVE、CREATE\$1IN\$1PROGRESS、CREATE\$1FAILED、 CREATE\$1STOPPED |
| [CreateForecast](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/forecast/latest/dg/API_CreateForecast.html) | Forecast 预测创建状态变更 | ACTIVE、CREATE\$1IN\$1PROGRESS、CREATE\$1FAILED、 CREATE\$1STOPPED |
| [CreateExplainability](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/forecast/latest/dg/API_CreateExplainability.html) | 预测可解释性创建状态变更 | ACTIVE、CREATE\$1IN\$1PROGRESS、CREATE\$1FAILED、 CREATE\$1STOPPED |
| [CreatePredictorBacktestExportJob](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/forecast/latest/dg/API_CreatePredictorBacktestExportJob.html) | Forecast 预测器回测导出作业状态变更 | ACTIVE、CREATE\$1IN\$1PROGRESS、CREATE\$1FAILED、 CREATE\$1STOPPED |
| [CreateForecastExportJob](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/forecast/latest/dg/API_CreateForecastExportJob.html) | Forecast 预测导出作业状态变更 | ACTIVE、CREATE\$1IN\$1PROGRESS、CREATE\$1FAILED、 CREATE\$1STOPPED |
| [CreateExplainabilityExport](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/forecast/latest/dg/API_CreateExplainabilityExport.html) | 预测可解释性导出创建状态变更 | ACTIVE、CREATE\$1IN\$1PROGRESS、CREATE\$1FAILED、 CREATE\$1STOPPED |
| [CreateWhatIfAnalysis](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/forecast/latest/dg/API_CreateWhatIfAnalysis.html) | Forecast 假设分析创建状态变更 | ACTIVE、CREATE\$1IN\$1PROGRESS、CREATE\$1FAILED、 CREATE\$1STOPPED |
| [CreateWhatIfForecast](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/forecast/latest/dg/API_CreateWhatIfForecast.html) | Forecast 假设分析预测创建状态变更 | ACTIVE、CREATE\$1IN\$1PROGRESS、CREATE\$1FAILED、 CREATE\$1STOPPED |
| [CreateWhatIfForecastExport](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/forecast/latest/dg/API_CreateWhatIfForecastExport.html) | Forecast 假设分析预测导出创建状态变更 | ACTIVE、CREATE\$1IN\$1PROGRESS、CREATE\$1FAILED、 CREATE\$1STOPPED |
| [DeleteDataset](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/forecast/latest/dg/API_DeleteDataset.html) | Forecast 数据集删除状态变更 | DELETE\$1IN\$1PROGRESS、DELETE\$1FAILED |
| [DeleteDatasetImportJob](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/forecast/latest/dg/API_DeleteDatasetImportJob.html) | Forecast 数据集导入作业删除状态变更 | DELETE\$1IN\$1PROGRESS、DELETE\$1FAILED |
| [DeletePredictor](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/forecast/latest/dg/API_DeletePredictor.html) | Forecast 预测器删除状态变更 | DELETE\$1IN\$1PROGRESS、DELETE\$1FAILED |
| [DeleteForecast](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/forecast/latest/dg/API_DeleteForecast.html) | Forecast 预测删除状态变更 | DELETE\$1IN\$1PROGRESS、DELETE\$1FAILED |
| [DeleteExplainability](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/forecast/latest/dg/API_DeleteExplainability.html) | 预测可解释性删除状态变更 | DELETE\$1IN\$1PROGRESS、DELETE\$1FAILED |
| [DeleteExplainabilityExport](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/forecast/latest/dg/API_DeleteExplainabilityExport.html) | 预测可解释性导出删除状态变更 | DELETE\$1IN\$1PROGRESS、DELETE\$1FAILED |
| [DeleteWhatIfAnalysis](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/forecast/latest/dg/API_DeleteWhatIfAnalysis.html) | Forecast 假设分析删除状态变更 | DELETE\$1IN\$1PROGRESS、DELETE\$1FAILED |
| [DeleteWhatIfForecast](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/forecast/latest/dg/API_DeleteWhatIfForecast.html) | Forecast 假设分析预测删除状态变更 | DELETE\$1IN\$1PROGRESS、DELETE\$1FAILED |
| [DeleteWhatIfForecastExportJob](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/forecast/latest/dg/API_DeleteWhatIfForecastExport.html) | Forecast 假设分析预测导出删除状态变更 | DELETE\$1IN\$1PROGRESS、DELETE\$1FAILED |
通知包含有关资源的信息，包括 Amazon 资源名称（ARN）、作业状态、作业持续时间（以分钟为单位），如果作业失败，通知还包括错误消息。删除事件通知不包含 `Duration` 字段。以下是示例通知。
```
{
"version": "0",
"id": "017fcb6d-7ca3-ebf8-819e-3e0fa956ee17",
"detail-type": "Forecast Dataset Import Job State Change",
"source": "aws.forecast",
"account": "000000000001",
"time": "2021-02-19T05:45:51Z",
"region": "us-east-1",
"resources": [
"arn:aws:forecast:us-west-2:000000000001:dataset/example_data"
],
"detail": {
"Arn": "arn:aws:forecast:us-west-2:000000000001:dataset/example_data",
"Duration": 60,
"Status": "ACTIVE",
}
}
```
## 创建 Job 状态通知 EventBridge 规则
要创建 EventBridge 规则以通知您正在进行的 Forecast 资源任务的状态变化，请参阅*亚马逊 EventBridge 用户指南*中的[为 AWS 服务创建规则](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/eventbridge/latest/userguide/create-eventbridge-rule.html)。在此过程中，为**服务名称**选择 **Amazon Forecast**。针对**事件类型**，选择要监控的 Forecast 事件。有关 Forecast 事件列表，请参阅 [监控 Forecast 资源作业](#forecast-events)。
## 为 Job 状态通知创建 CloudWatch 事件规则
要创建 CloudWatch 事件规则以通知您正在进行的 Forecast 资源任务的状态变化，请参阅 *Amazon CloudWatch 用户指南*中的[创建在事件上触发 CloudWatch 的事件规则](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonCloudWatch/latest/events/Create-CloudWatch-Events-Rule.html)。在此过程中，为**服务名称**选择 **Amazon Forecast**。针对**事件类型**，选择要监控的 Forecast 事件。有关 Forecast 事件列表，请参阅 [监控 Forecast 资源作业](#forecast-events)。