$group - Amazon DocumentDB

本文属于机器翻译版本。若本译文内容与英语原文存在差异,则一律以英文原文为准。

$group

Amazon DocumentDB 中的$group聚合阶段允许您按指定的表达式对文档进行分组,并对分组的数据执行各种累积操作。这对于诸如根据分组数据计算总计、平均值或其他统计数据之类的任务非常有用。

参数

  • _id:指定对输入文档进行分组时应采用的表达式。这可以是字段名、计算表达式或两者的组合。

  • accumulator expressions:(可选)应应用于分组数据的一个或多个累加器表达式。这些表达式使用上面提到的累加器运算符。

示例(MongoDB 外壳)

以下示例按城市对客户进行分组,并计算每个城市的总订单金额。

创建示例文档

db.customers.insertMany([ { name: "John Doe", city: "New York", orders: [{ amount: 100 }, { amount: 200 }] }, { name: "Jane Smith", city: "Los Angeles", orders: [{ amount: 150 }, { amount: 300 }] }, { name: "Bob Johnson", city: "New York", orders: [{ amount: 75 }, { amount: 125 }] }, { name: "Samantha Lee", city: "Chicago", orders: [{ amount: 50 }, { amount: 100 }] } ]);

查询示例

db.customers.aggregate([ { $group: { _id: "$city", totalOrders: { $sum: { $sum: "$orders.amount" } } } } ]);

输出

[ { _id: 'Chicago', totalOrders: 150 }, { _id: 'Los Angeles', totalOrders: 450 }, { _id: 'New York', totalOrders: 500 } ]

代码示例

要查看使用该$group命令的代码示例,请选择要使用的语言的选项卡:

Node.js
const { MongoClient } = require('mongodb'); async function groupByCity() { const uri = 'mongodb://<username>:<password>@<cluster-endpoint>:27017/?tls=true&tlsCAFile=global-bundle.pem&replicaSet=rs0&readPreference=secondaryPreferred&retryWrites=false'; const client = new MongoClient(uri); try { await client.connect(); const db = client.db('test'); const result = await db.collection('customers').aggregate([ { $unwind: '$orders' }, { $group: { _id: '$city', totalOrders: { $sum: '$orders.amount' } } } ]).toArray(); console.log(result); } catch (err) { console.error('Error during aggregation:', err); } finally { await client.close(); } } groupByCity();
Python
from pymongo import MongoClient def group_by_city(): client = MongoClient('mongodb://<username>:<password>@<cluster-endpoint>:27017/?tls=true&tlsCAFile=global-bundle.pem&replicaSet=rs0&readPreference=secondaryPreferred&retryWrites=false') try: db = client.test result = list(db.customers.aggregate([ {'$unwind': '$orders'}, { '$group': { '_id': '$city', 'totalOrders': {'$sum': '$orders.amount'} } } ])) print(result) except Exception as e: print(f"Error during aggregation: {e}") finally: client.close() group_by_city()