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# 使用 Amazon EC2 测试设置
<a name="test-console-private-access-EC2"></a>

[Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/ec2/?icmpid=docs_homepage_compute) (Amazon EC2) 在 Amazon Web Services 云中提供可扩展的计算容量。您可以使用 Amazon EC2 启动所需数量的虚拟服务器，配置安全性和联网以及管理存储。在此设置中，我们使用 [Fleet Manager](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/systems-manager/latest/userguide/fleet.html)（ AWS Systems Manager的一项功能），通过远程桌面协议（RDP）连接到 Amazon EC2 Windows 实例。

本指南演示了一个测试环境，用于设置和体验从 Amazon EC2 实例到亚马逊简单存储服务的 AWS 管理控制台 私有访问连接。本教程 CloudFormation 用于创建和配置 Amazon EC2 用于可视化此功能的网络设置。



下图描述了使用 Amazon EC2 访问 AWS 管理控制台 私有访问设置的工作流程。它显示了用户如何使用私有端点连接到 Amazon S3。

![\[使用 Amazon EC2 试用 AWS 管理控制台 私有访问的设置配置。\]](http://docs.aws.amazon.com/zh_cn/awsconsolehelpdocs/latest/gsg/images/vpce-ec2-how-to-1.png)


复制以下 CloudFormation 模板并将其保存到您将在*设置网络*过程的第三步中使用的文件中。

**注意**  
此 CloudFormation 模板使用的配置目前在以色列（特拉维夫）地区不受支持。

## AWS 管理控制台 私有访问环境 Amazon EC2 CloudFormation 模板
<a name="private-access-environment-ec2-cloudformation-template"></a>

```
Description: |
  AWS Management Console Private Access.
Parameters:
  VpcCIDR:
    Type: String
    Default: 172.16.0.0/16
    Description: CIDR range for VPC

  Ec2KeyPair:
    Type: AWS::EC2::KeyPair::KeyName
    Description: The EC2 KeyPair to use to connect to the Windows instance

  PublicSubnet1CIDR:
    Type: String
    Default: 172.16.1.0/24
    Description: CIDR range for Public Subnet A

  PublicSubnet2CIDR:
    Type: String
    Default: 172.16.0.0/24
    Description: CIDR range for Public Subnet B

  PublicSubnet3CIDR:
    Type: String
    Default: 172.16.2.0/24
    Description: CIDR range for Public Subnet C

  PrivateSubnet1CIDR:
    Type: String
    Default: 172.16.4.0/24
    Description: CIDR range for Private Subnet A

  PrivateSubnet2CIDR:
    Type: String
    Default: 172.16.5.0/24
    Description: CIDR range for Private Subnet B 

  PrivateSubnet3CIDR:
    Type: String
    Default: 172.16.3.0/24
    Description: CIDR range for Private Subnet C 

  LatestWindowsAmiId:
    Type: 'AWS::SSM::Parameter::Value<AWS::EC2::Image::Id>'
    Default: '/aws/service/ami-windows-latest/Windows_Server-2022-English-Full-Base'

  InstanceTypeParameter:
    Type: String
    Default: 't3.medium'


Resources:

#########################
# VPC AND SUBNETS
#########################

  AppVPC:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::VPC'
    Properties:
      CidrBlock: !Ref VpcCIDR
      InstanceTenancy: default
      EnableDnsSupport: true
      EnableDnsHostnames: true

  PublicSubnetA:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::Subnet'
    Properties:
      VpcId: !Ref AppVPC
      CidrBlock: !Ref PublicSubnet1CIDR
      MapPublicIpOnLaunch: true
      AvailabilityZone: 
        Fn::Select: 
          - 0
          - Fn::GetAZs: ""
      
  PublicSubnetB:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::Subnet'
    Properties:
      VpcId: !Ref AppVPC
      CidrBlock: !Ref PublicSubnet2CIDR
      MapPublicIpOnLaunch: true
      AvailabilityZone: 
        Fn::Select: 
          - 1
          - Fn::GetAZs: ""

  PublicSubnetC:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::Subnet'
    Properties:
      VpcId: !Ref AppVPC
      CidrBlock: !Ref PublicSubnet3CIDR
      MapPublicIpOnLaunch: true
      AvailabilityZone: 
        Fn::Select: 
          - 2
          - Fn::GetAZs: ""

  PrivateSubnetA:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::Subnet'
    Properties:
      VpcId: !Ref AppVPC
      CidrBlock: !Ref PrivateSubnet1CIDR
      AvailabilityZone: 
        Fn::Select: 
          - 0
          - Fn::GetAZs: ""

  PrivateSubnetB:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::Subnet'
    Properties:
      VpcId: !Ref AppVPC
      CidrBlock: !Ref PrivateSubnet2CIDR
      AvailabilityZone: 
        Fn::Select: 
          - 1
          - Fn::GetAZs: ""

  PrivateSubnetC:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::Subnet'
    Properties:
      VpcId: !Ref AppVPC
      CidrBlock: !Ref PrivateSubnet3CIDR
      AvailabilityZone: 
        Fn::Select: 
          - 2
          - Fn::GetAZs: ""

  InternetGateway:
    Type: AWS::EC2::InternetGateway

  InternetGatewayAttachment:
    Type: AWS::EC2::VPCGatewayAttachment
    Properties:
      InternetGatewayId: !Ref InternetGateway
      VpcId: !Ref AppVPC

  NatGatewayEIP:
    Type: AWS::EC2::EIP
    DependsOn: InternetGatewayAttachment

  NatGateway:
    Type: AWS::EC2::NatGateway
    Properties:
      AllocationId: !GetAtt NatGatewayEIP.AllocationId
      SubnetId: !Ref PublicSubnetA

#########################
# Route Tables
#########################

  PrivateRouteTable:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::RouteTable'
    Properties:
      VpcId: !Ref AppVPC

  DefaultPrivateRoute:
    Type: AWS::EC2::Route
    Properties:
      RouteTableId: !Ref PrivateRouteTable
      DestinationCidrBlock: 0.0.0.0/0
      NatGatewayId: !Ref NatGateway

  PrivateSubnetRouteTableAssociation1:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation'
    Properties:
      RouteTableId: !Ref PrivateRouteTable
      SubnetId: !Ref PrivateSubnetA

  PrivateSubnetRouteTableAssociation2:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation'
    Properties:
      RouteTableId: !Ref PrivateRouteTable
      SubnetId: !Ref PrivateSubnetB

  PrivateSubnetRouteTableAssociation3:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation'
    Properties:
      RouteTableId: !Ref PrivateRouteTable
      SubnetId: !Ref PrivateSubnetC

  PublicRouteTable:
    Type: AWS::EC2::RouteTable
    Properties:
      VpcId: !Ref AppVPC

  DefaultPublicRoute:
    Type: AWS::EC2::Route
    DependsOn: InternetGatewayAttachment
    Properties:
      RouteTableId: !Ref PublicRouteTable
      DestinationCidrBlock: 0.0.0.0/0
      GatewayId: !Ref InternetGateway

  PublicSubnetARouteTableAssociation1:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation
    Properties:
      RouteTableId: !Ref PublicRouteTable
      SubnetId: !Ref PublicSubnetA

  PublicSubnetBRouteTableAssociation2:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation
    Properties:
      RouteTableId: !Ref PublicRouteTable
      SubnetId: !Ref PublicSubnetB

  PublicSubnetBRouteTableAssociation3:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SubnetRouteTableAssociation
    Properties:
      RouteTableId: !Ref PublicRouteTable
      SubnetId: !Ref PublicSubnetC


#########################
# SECURITY GROUPS
#########################

  VPCEndpointSecurityGroup:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::SecurityGroup'
    Properties:
      GroupDescription: Allow TLS for VPC Endpoint
      VpcId: !Ref AppVPC
      SecurityGroupIngress:
        - IpProtocol: tcp
          FromPort: 443
          ToPort: 443
          CidrIp: !GetAtt AppVPC.CidrBlock

  EC2SecurityGroup:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::SecurityGroup'
    Properties:
      GroupDescription: Default EC2 Instance SG
      VpcId: !Ref AppVPC
      
#########################
# VPC ENDPOINTS
#########################

  VPCEndpointGatewayS3:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::VPCEndpoint'
    Properties:
      ServiceName: !Sub 'com.amazonaws.${AWS::Region}.s3'
      VpcEndpointType: Gateway
      VpcId: !Ref AppVPC
      RouteTableIds:
        - !Ref PrivateRouteTable
        
  VPCEndpointInterfaceSSM:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::VPCEndpoint'
    Properties:
      VpcEndpointType: Interface
      PrivateDnsEnabled: false
      SubnetIds:
        - !Ref PrivateSubnetA
        - !Ref PrivateSubnetB
      SecurityGroupIds:
        - !Ref VPCEndpointSecurityGroup
      ServiceName: !Sub 'com.amazonaws.${AWS::Region}.ssm'
      VpcId: !Ref AppVPC
        
  VPCEndpointInterfaceEc2messages:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::VPCEndpoint'
    Properties:
      VpcEndpointType: Interface
      PrivateDnsEnabled: false
      SubnetIds:
        - !Ref PrivateSubnetA
        - !Ref PrivateSubnetB
        - !Ref PrivateSubnetC
      SecurityGroupIds:
        - !Ref VPCEndpointSecurityGroup
      ServiceName: !Sub 'com.amazonaws.${AWS::Region}.ec2messages'
      VpcId: !Ref AppVPC
        
  VPCEndpointInterfaceSsmmessages:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::VPCEndpoint'
    Properties:
      VpcEndpointType: Interface
      PrivateDnsEnabled: false
      SubnetIds:
        - !Ref PrivateSubnetA
        - !Ref PrivateSubnetB
        - !Ref PrivateSubnetC
      SecurityGroupIds:
        - !Ref VPCEndpointSecurityGroup
      ServiceName: !Sub 'com.amazonaws.${AWS::Region}.ssmmessages'
      VpcId: !Ref AppVPC
        
  VPCEndpointInterfaceSignin:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::VPCEndpoint'
    Properties:
      VpcEndpointType: Interface
      PrivateDnsEnabled: false
      SubnetIds:
        - !Ref PrivateSubnetA
        - !Ref PrivateSubnetB
        - !Ref PrivateSubnetC
      SecurityGroupIds:
        - !Ref VPCEndpointSecurityGroup
      ServiceName: !Sub 'com.amazonaws.${AWS::Region}.signin'
      VpcId: !Ref AppVPC
        
  VPCEndpointInterfaceConsole:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::VPCEndpoint'
    Properties:
      VpcEndpointType: Interface
      PrivateDnsEnabled: false
      SubnetIds:
        - !Ref PrivateSubnetA
        - !Ref PrivateSubnetB
        - !Ref PrivateSubnetC
      SecurityGroupIds:
        - !Ref VPCEndpointSecurityGroup
      ServiceName: !Sub 'com.amazonaws.${AWS::Region}.console'
      VpcId: !Ref AppVPC

#########################
# ROUTE53 RESOURCES
#########################

  ConsoleHostedZone: 
    Type: "AWS::Route53::HostedZone"
    Properties: 
      HostedZoneConfig: 
        Comment: 'Console VPC Endpoint Hosted Zone'
      Name: 'console.aws.amazon.com'
      VPCs: 
        - 
          VPCId: !Ref AppVPC
          VPCRegion: !Ref "AWS::Region"
          
  ConsoleRecordGlobal:
    Type: AWS::Route53::RecordSet
    Properties:
      HostedZoneId: !Ref 'ConsoleHostedZone'
      Name: 'console.aws.amazon.com'
      AliasTarget:
        DNSName: !Select ['1', !Split [':', !Select ['0', !GetAtt VPCEndpointInterfaceConsole.DnsEntries]]]
        HostedZoneId: !Select ['0', !Split [':', !Select ['0', !GetAtt VPCEndpointInterfaceConsole.DnsEntries]]]
      Type: A

  GlobalConsoleRecord:
    Type: AWS::Route53::RecordSet
    Properties:
      HostedZoneId: !Ref 'ConsoleHostedZone'
      Name: 'global.console.aws.amazon.com'
      AliasTarget:
        DNSName: !Select ['1', !Split [':', !Select ['0', !GetAtt VPCEndpointInterfaceConsole.DnsEntries]]]
        HostedZoneId: !Select ['0', !Split [':', !Select ['0', !GetAtt VPCEndpointInterfaceConsole.DnsEntries]]]
      Type: A
          
  ConsoleS3ProxyRecordGlobal:
    Type: AWS::Route53::RecordSet
    Properties:
      HostedZoneId: !Ref 'ConsoleHostedZone'
      Name: 's3.console.aws.amazon.com'
      AliasTarget:
        DNSName: !Select ['1', !Split [':', !Select ['0', !GetAtt VPCEndpointInterfaceConsole.DnsEntries]]]
        HostedZoneId: !Select ['0', !Split [':', !Select ['0', !GetAtt VPCEndpointInterfaceConsole.DnsEntries]]]
      Type: A
          
  ConsoleSupportProxyRecordGlobal:
    Type: AWS::Route53::RecordSet
    Properties:
      HostedZoneId: !Ref 'ConsoleHostedZone'
      Name: "support.console.aws.amazon.com"
      AliasTarget:
        DNSName: !Select ['1', !Split [':', !Select ['0', !GetAtt VPCEndpointInterfaceConsole.DnsEntries]]]
        HostedZoneId: !Select ['0', !Split [':', !Select ['0', !GetAtt VPCEndpointInterfaceConsole.DnsEntries]]]
      Type: A
          
  ExplorerProxyRecordGlobal:
    Type: AWS::Route53::RecordSet
    Properties:
      HostedZoneId: !Ref 'ConsoleHostedZone'
      Name: "resource-explorer.console.aws.amazon.com"
      AliasTarget:
        DNSName: !Select ['1', !Split [':', !Select ['0', !GetAtt VPCEndpointInterfaceConsole.DnsEntries]]]
        HostedZoneId: !Select ['0', !Split [':', !Select ['0', !GetAtt VPCEndpointInterfaceConsole.DnsEntries]]]
      Type: A
  
  WidgetProxyRecord:
    Type: AWS::Route53::RecordSet
    Properties:
      HostedZoneId: !Ref 'ConsoleHostedZone'
      Name: "*.widget.console.aws.amazon.com"
      AliasTarget:
        DNSName: !Select ["1", !Split [":", !Select ["0", !GetAtt VPCEndpointInterfaceConsole.DnsEntries],],]
        HostedZoneId: !Select ["0", !Split [":", !Select ["0", !GetAtt VPCEndpointInterfaceConsole.DnsEntries],],]
      Type: A

  ConsoleRecordRegional:
    Type: AWS::Route53::RecordSet
    Properties:
      HostedZoneId: !Ref 'ConsoleHostedZone'
      Name: !Sub "${AWS::Region}.console.aws.amazon.com"
      AliasTarget:
        DNSName: !Select ['1', !Split [':', !Select ['0', !GetAtt VPCEndpointInterfaceConsole.DnsEntries]]]
        HostedZoneId: !Select ['0', !Split [':', !Select ['0', !GetAtt VPCEndpointInterfaceConsole.DnsEntries]]]
      Type: A

  ConsoleRecordRegionalMultiSession:
    Type: AWS::Route53::RecordSet
    Properties:
      HostedZoneId: !Ref 'ConsoleHostedZone'
      Name: !Sub "*.${AWS::Region}.console.aws.amazon.com"
      AliasTarget:
        DNSName: !Select ['1', !Split [':', !Select ['0', !GetAtt VPCEndpointInterfaceConsole.DnsEntries]]]
        HostedZoneId: !Select ['0', !Split [':', !Select ['0', !GetAtt VPCEndpointInterfaceConsole.DnsEntries]]]
      Type: A

  SigninHostedZone: 
    Type: "AWS::Route53::HostedZone"
    Properties: 
      HostedZoneConfig: 
        Comment: 'Signin VPC Endpoint Hosted Zone'
      Name: 'signin.aws.amazon.com'
      VPCs: 
        - 
          VPCId: !Ref AppVPC
          VPCRegion: !Ref "AWS::Region"
          
  SigninRecordGlobal:
    Type: AWS::Route53::RecordSet
    Properties:
      HostedZoneId: !Ref 'SigninHostedZone'
      Name: 'signin.aws.amazon.com'
      AliasTarget:
        DNSName: !Select ['1', !Split [':', !Select ['0', !GetAtt VPCEndpointInterfaceSignin.DnsEntries]]]
        HostedZoneId: !Select ['0', !Split [':', !Select ['0', !GetAtt VPCEndpointInterfaceSignin.DnsEntries]]]
      Type: A
          
  SigninRecordRegional:
    Type: AWS::Route53::RecordSet
    Properties:
      HostedZoneId: !Ref 'SigninHostedZone'
      Name: !Sub "${AWS::Region}.signin.aws.amazon.com"
      AliasTarget:
        DNSName: !Select ['1', !Split [':', !Select ['0', !GetAtt VPCEndpointInterfaceSignin.DnsEntries]]]
        HostedZoneId: !Select ['0', !Split [':', !Select ['0', !GetAtt VPCEndpointInterfaceSignin.DnsEntries]]]
      Type: A

#########################
# EC2 INSTANCE
#########################

  Ec2InstanceRole:
    Type: AWS::IAM::Role
    Properties:
      AssumeRolePolicyDocument:
        Version: 2012-10-17
        Statement:
          -
            Effect: Allow
            Principal:
              Service:
                - ec2.amazonaws.com
            Action:
              - sts:AssumeRole
      Path: /
      ManagedPolicyArns: 
        - arn:aws:iam::aws:policy/AmazonSSMManagedInstanceCore

  Ec2InstanceProfile:
    Type: AWS::IAM::InstanceProfile
    Properties: 
      Path: /
      Roles: 
       - !Ref Ec2InstanceRole

  EC2WinInstance:
    Type: 'AWS::EC2::Instance'
    Properties:
      ImageId: !Ref LatestWindowsAmiId
      IamInstanceProfile: !Ref Ec2InstanceProfile
      KeyName: !Ref Ec2KeyPair
      InstanceType:
        Ref: InstanceTypeParameter
      SubnetId: !Ref PrivateSubnetA
      SecurityGroupIds:
        - Ref: EC2SecurityGroup
      BlockDeviceMappings:
        - DeviceName: /dev/sda1
          Ebs:
            VolumeSize: 50
      Tags: 
      - Key: "Name"
        Value: "Console VPCE test instance"
```

**设置网络**

1. 登录您所在组织的管理账户并打开 [CloudFormation 控制台](https://console.aws.amazon.com/cloudformation)。

1. 选择**创建堆栈**。

1. 选择**使用新资源（标准）**。上传您之前创建的 CloudFormation 模板文件，然后选择**下一步**。

1. 输入堆栈的名称（例如 **PrivateConsoleNetworkForS3**），然后选择**下一步**。

1. 对于 **VPC 和子网**，输入您的首选 IP CIDR 范围，或使用提供的默认值。如果您使用默认值，请确认它们不与您的现有 VPC 资源重叠 AWS 账户。

1. 对于 E KeyPair c **2** 参数，请从您账户中的现有 Amazon EC2 密钥对中选择一个。如果您没有现有的 Amazon EC2 密钥对，必须先创建一个密钥对，然后转至下一步。有关更多信息，请参阅《Amazon EC2 用户指南》**中的[使用 Amazon EC2 创建密钥对](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/create-key-pairs.html#having-ec2-create-your-key-pair)。

1. 选择**创建堆栈**。

1. 创建堆栈后，选择**资源**选项卡以查看已创建的资源。

**连接到 Amazon EC2 实例**

1. 登录您所在组织的管理账户并打开 [Amazon EC2 控制台](https://console.aws.amazon.com/ec2)。

1. 在导航窗格中，选择 **Instances (实例)**。

1. 在**实例**页面上，选择由模板创建的**控制台 VPCE 测试实例**。 CloudFormation 然后选择**连接**。
**注意**  
此示例使用队列管理器（一种功能）连接到您的 Windows 服务器。 AWS Systems Manager Explorer可能需要几分钟才能开始连接。

1. 在**连接到实例**页面上，选择 **RDP 客户端**，然后**使用 Fleet Manager 进行连接**。

1. 选择 **Fleet Manager 远程桌面**。

1. 要获取 Amazon EC2 实例的管理密码并使用网页界面访问 Windows 桌面，请使用与您在创建 CloudFormation 模板时使用的 Amazon EC2 密钥对关联的私钥。

1. 在 Amazon EC2 Windows 实例中， AWS 管理控制台 在浏览器中打开。

1. 使用 AWS 凭证登录后，打开 [Amazon S3 控制台](https://console.aws.amazon.com/s3)并确认您已使用 AWS 管理控制台 私有访问权限进行连接。

**测试 AWS 管理控制台 私有访问设置**

1. 登录您所在组织的管理账户并打开 [Amazon S3 控制台](https://console.aws.amazon.com/s3)。

1. 在导航栏中选择锁定私有图标，以查看所使用的 VPC 端点。以下屏幕截图显示了锁定私有图标的位置和 VPC 信息。  
![\[显示锁定图标和 AWS 管理控制台 私有访问信息的 Amazon S3 控制台。\]](http://docs.aws.amazon.com/zh_cn/awsconsolehelpdocs/latest/gsg/images/console-private-access-verify-1.png)