Definitions
Builders, architects, chief information/privacy officers (CIOs/CPOs), and technologists can use the following definitions as a starting point to understand commonly used Māori terms and phrases relating to protocol (tikanga), principles, and values from a Māori viewpoint (te ao Māori).
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Hapū: A collection of whānau with a shared genealogy at a smaller unit than an Iwi. A collective of hapū form an iwi.
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Iwi: A Māori community or people made up of more than one hapū.
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Kaitiakitanga: Guardianship or management of both the seen and unseen worlds – this could be extended to the digital realm where past, present, and future knowledge, culture and history is increasingly being created, shared, and preserved.
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Kotahitanga: Unity or solidarity. The state or circumstances of being one.
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Manaakitanga: Hospitality, kindness, generosity, support - the process of showing respect, generosity and care for others. This can be demonstrated in how a service is delivered to someone, their family (whānau) and communities.
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Māori data (digital): A digital record from or about Māori, the places Māori have a connection with based on their heritage. Digitised data about iwi, hapū or Māori organisation, language, culture, resources, environments or knowledge systems.
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Māori owned-businesses: There is not one single agreed definition on Māori owned or a Māori business. The following combines a few suggestions for how your organisation can determine and define Māori owned-businesses for the purposes of partnership and understanding your Māori customers:
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Ownership: Some define this as having at least 50% of each class of partnership interest owned by Māori people but this can be limited to certain situations. Alternatively, you can determine Māori ownership if it is owned or part-owned by a person or people where their whakapapa is Māori (have a verifiable Māori genealogical lineage) and a representative of the business identifies it as a Māori business.
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Self-identification: If people promote themselves as a Māori business.
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Employment: If business employs a large percentage of Māori staff.
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Values: They run their business according to potentially both traditional and contemporary aspects of Māori culture and values. Examples of this include employing whānau, welcoming visitors, and using traditional practices.
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Mātauranga Māori: Māori knowledge.
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Tangata whenua: (Māori) people of the land.
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Whakapapa: A line of descent from one's ancestry. This places oneself in a wider context, and links oneself to land and tribal groupings.
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Whānau: An extended family or community of related families who may live together in the same area.
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Whanaungatanga: Close connection between people. It could mean kinship or a sense of family connection.
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Workload: A workload is a collection of resources and code that delivers business value, such as a customer-facing application or a backend process. A workload might consist of a subset of resources in a single AWS account or be a collection of multiple resources spanning multiple AWS accounts.
