# PERF 1. How do you select appropriate cloud resources and architecture for your workload? The optimal solution for a particular workload varies, and solutions often combine multiple approaches. Well-Architected workloads use multiple solutions and allow different features to improve performance. **Topics** + [ # PERF01-BP01 Learn about and understand available cloud services and features ](perf_architecture_understand_cloud_services_and_features.md) + [ # PERF01-BP02 Use guidance from your cloud provider or an appropriate partner to learn about architecture patterns and best practices ](perf_architecture_guidance_architecture_patterns_best_practices.md) + [ # PERF01-BP03 Factor cost into architectural decisions ](perf_architecture_factor_cost_into_architectural_decisions.md) + [ # PERF01-BP04 Evaluate how trade-offs impact customers and architecture efficiency ](perf_architecture_evaluate_trade_offs.md) + [ # PERF01-BP05 Use policies and reference architectures ](perf_architecture_use_policies_and_reference_architectures.md) + [ # PERF01-BP06 Use benchmarking to drive architectural decisions ](perf_architecture_use_benchmarking.md) + [ # PERF01-BP07 Use a data-driven approach for architectural choices ](perf_architecture_use_data_driven_approach.md) # PERF01-BP01 Learn about and understand available cloud services and features PERF01-BP01 Learn about and understand available cloud services and features Continually learn about and discover available services and configurations that help you make better architectural decisions and improve performance efficiency in your workload architecture. **Common anti-patterns:** + You use the cloud as a collocated data center. + You do not modernize your application after migration to the cloud. + You only use one storage type for all things that need to be persisted. + You use instance types that are closest matched to your current standards, but are larger where needed. + You deploy and manage technologies that are available as managed services. **Benefits of establishing this best practice:** By considering new services and configurations, you may be able to greatly improve performance, reduce cost, and optimize the effort required to maintain your workload. It can also help you accelerate the time-to-value for cloud-enabled products. **Level of risk exposed if this best practice is not established:** High ## Implementation guidance Implementation guidance AWS continually releases new services and features that can improve performance and reduce the cost of cloud workloads. Staying up-to-date with these new services and features is crucial for maintaining performance efficacy in the cloud. Modernizing your workload architecture also helps you accelerate productivity, drive innovation, and unlock more growth opportunities. ### Implementation steps Implementation steps + Inventory your workload software and architecture for related services. Decide which category of products to learn more about. + Explore AWS offerings to identify and learn about the relevant services and configuration options that can help you improve performance and reduce cost and operational complexity. + [ Amazon Web Services Cloud ](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/whitepapers/latest/aws-overview/amazon-web-services-cloud-platform.html) + [AWS Academy ](https://aws.amazon.com/training/awsacademy/) + [What’s New with AWS?](https://aws.amazon.com/new/) + [AWS Blog](https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/) + [AWS Skill Builder](https://skillbuilder.aws/) + [AWS Events and Webinars](https://aws.amazon.com/events/) + [AWS Training and Certifications](https://www.aws.training/) + [AWS Youtube Channel](https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCd6MoB9NC6uYN2grvUNT-Zg) + [AWS Workshops](https://workshops.aws/) + [AWS Communities](https://aws.amazon.com/events/asean/community-and-events/) + Use [Amazon Q](https://aws.amazon.com/q/) to get relevant information and advice about services. + Use sandbox (non-production) environments to learn and experiment with new services without incurring extra cost. + Continually learn about new cloud services and features. ## Resources Resources **Related documents:** + [ Overview of Amazon Web Services ](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/whitepapers/latest/aws-overview/introduction.html) + [ Amazon EC2 features ](https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/features/) + [ Learn step-by-step with an AWS Partner Learning Plan ](https://aws.amazon.com/partners/training/aws-partner-learning-plans/) + [AWS Training and Certification ](https://aws.amazon.com/training/) + [ My learning path to become an AWS solutions architect ](https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/training-and-certification/my-learning-path-to-become-an-aws-solutions-architect/) + [AWS Architecture Center](https://aws.amazon.com/architecture/) + [AWS Partner Network](https://aws.amazon.com/partners/) + [AWS Solutions Library](https://aws.amazon.com/solutions/) + [AWS Knowledge Center](https://aws.amazon.com/premiumsupport/knowledge-center/) + [Build modern applications on AWS](https://aws.amazon.com/modern-apps/) **Related videos:** + [AWS re:Invent 2023 - What’s new with Amazon EC2 ](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mjHw_wgJJ5g) + [AWS re:Invent 2022 - Reduce your operational and infrastructure costs with Amazon ECS ](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vwf0rcdXdVE) + [AWS re:Invent 2023 - Build with the efficiency, agility & innovation of the cloud with AWS](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AMrXMfYYVXs) + [AWS re:Invent 2022 - Deploy ML models for inference at high performance and low cost ](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4FqHt5bmS2o) + [This is my Architecture](https://aws.amazon.com/architecture/this-is-my-architecture/) **Related examples:** + [AWS Samples](https://github.com/aws-samples) + [AWS SDK Examples](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples) # PERF01-BP02 Use guidance from your cloud provider or an appropriate partner to learn about architecture patterns and best practices PERF01-BP02 Use guidance from your cloud provider or an appropriate partner to learn about architecture patterns and best practices Use cloud company resources such as documentation, solutions architects, professional services, or appropriate partners to guide your architectural decisions. These resources help you review and improve your architecture for optimal performance. **Common anti-patterns:** + You use AWS as a common cloud provider. + You use AWS services in a manner that they were not designed for. + You follow all guidance without considering your business context. **Benefits of establishing this best practice:** Using guidance from a cloud provider or an appropriate partner can help you to make the right architectural choices for your workload and give you confidence in your decisions. **Level of risk exposed if this best practice is not established:** Medium ## Implementation guidance Implementation guidance AWS offers a wide range of guidance, documentation, and resources that can help you build and manage efficient cloud workloads. AWS documentation provides code samples, tutorials, and detailed service explanations. In addition to documentation, AWS provides training and certification programs, solutions architects, and professional services that can help customers explore different aspects of cloud services and implement efficient cloud architecture on AWS. Leverage these resources to gain insights into valuable knowledge and best practices, save time, and achieve better outcomes in the AWS Cloud. ### Implementation steps Implementation steps + Review AWS documentation and guidance and follow the best practices. These resources can help you effectively choose and configure services and achieve better performance. + [AWS documentation](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/) (like user guides and whitepapers) + [AWS Blog](https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/) + [AWS Training and Certifications](https://www.aws.training/) + [AWS Youtube Channel](https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCd6MoB9NC6uYN2grvUNT-Zg) + Join AWS partner events (like AWS Global Summits, AWS re:Invent, user groups, and workshops) to learn from AWS experts about best practices for using AWS services. + [ Learn step-by-step with an AWS Partner Learning Plan ](https://aws.amazon.com/partners/training/aws-partner-learning-plans/) + [AWS Events and Webinars](https://aws.amazon.com/events/) + [AWS Workshops](https://workshops.aws/) + [AWS Communities](https://aws.amazon.com/events/asean/community-and-events/) + Reach out to AWS for assistance when you need additional guidance or product information. AWS Solutions Architects and [AWS Professional Services](https://aws.amazon.com/professional-services/) provide guidance for solution implementation. [AWS Partners](https://aws.amazon.com/partners/) provide AWS expertise to help you unlock agility and innovation for your business. + Use [Support](https://aws.amazon.com/contact-us/) if you need technical support to use a service effectively. [Our Support plans](https://aws.amazon.com/premiumsupport/plans/) are designed to give you the right mix of tools and access to expertise so that you can be successful with AWS while optimizing performance, managing risk, and keeping costs under control. ## Resources Resources **Related documents:** + [AWS Architecture Center](https://aws.amazon.com/architecture/) + [AWS Partner Network](https://aws.amazon.com/partners/) + [AWS Solutions Library](https://aws.amazon.com/solutions/) + [AWS Knowledge Center](https://aws.amazon.com/premiumsupport/knowledge-center/) + [AWS Enterprise Support](https://aws.amazon.com/premiumsupport/plans/enterprise/) **Related videos:** + [This is my Architecture](https://aws.amazon.com/architecture/this-is-my-architecture/) + [AWS re:Invent 2023 - Advanced event-driven patterns with Amazon EventBridge ](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6X4lSPkn4ps) + [AWS re:Invent 2023 - Implementing distributed design patterns on AWS](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pfAlmkzyaJQ) + [AWS re:Invent 2023 - Application architecture as code ](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vasvpFRPx9c) **Related examples:** + [AWS Samples](https://github.com/aws-samples) + [AWS SDK Examples](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples) + [AWS Analytics Reference Architecture ](https://github.com/aws-samples/aws-analytics-reference-architecture) # PERF01-BP03 Factor cost into architectural decisions PERF01-BP03 Factor cost into architectural decisions Factor cost into your architectural decisions to improve resource utilization and performance efficiency of your cloud workload. When you are aware of the cost implications of your cloud workload, you are more likely to leverage efficient resources and reduce wasteful practices. **Common anti-patterns:** + You only use one family of instances. + You do not evaluate licensed solutions against open-source solutions. + You do not define storage lifecycle policies. + You do not review new services and features of the AWS Cloud. + You only use block storage. **Benefits of establishing this best practice:** Factoring cost into your decision making allows you to use more efficient resources and explore other investments. **Level of risk exposed if this best practice is not established:** Medium ## Implementation guidance Implementation guidance Optimizing workloads for cost can improve resource utilization and avoid waste in a cloud workload. Factoring cost into architectural decisions usually includes right-sizing workload components and enabling elasticity, which results in improved cloud workload performance efficiency. ### Implementation steps Implementation steps + Establish cost objectives like budget limits for your cloud workload. + Identify the key components (like instances and storage) that drive cost of your workload. You can use [AWS Pricing Calculator](https://calculator.aws/#/) and [AWS Cost Explorer](https://aws.amazon.com/aws-cost-management/aws-cost-explorer/) to identify key cost drivers in your workload. + Understand [pricing models](https://aws.amazon.com/pricing/) in the cloud, such as On-Demand, Reserved Instances, Savings Plans, and Spot Instances. + Use [Well-Architected cost optimization best practices](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/wellarchitected/latest/cost-optimization-pillar/welcome.html) to optimize these key components for cost. + Continually monitor and analyze cost to identify cost optimization opportunities in your workload. + Use [AWS Budgets](https://aws.amazon.com/aws-cost-management/aws-budgets/) to get alerts for unacceptable costs. + Use [AWS Compute Optimizer](https://aws.amazon.com/compute-optimizer/) or [AWS Trusted Advisor](https://aws.amazon.com/premiumsupport/technology/trusted-advisor/) to get cost optimization recommendations. + Use [AWS Cost Anomaly Detection](https://aws.amazon.com/aws-cost-management/aws-cost-anomaly-detection/) to get automated cost anomaly detection and root cause analysis. ## Resources Resources **Related documents:** + [ What is AWS Billing and Cost Management? ](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cost-management/latest/userguide/what-is-costmanagement.html) + [ Cost Optimization with AWS](https://aws.amazon.com/aws-cost-management/cost-optimization/) + [ Choosing an AWS cost management strategy ](https://aws.amazon.com/getting-started/decision-guides/cost-management-on-aws-how-to-choose/) + [ A Beginner’s Guide to AWS Cost Management ](https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/aws-cloud-financial-management/beginners-guide-to-aws-cost-management/) + [A Detailed Overview of the Cost Intelligence Dashboard](https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/aws-cloud-financial-management/a-detailed-overview-of-the-cost-intelligence-dashboard/) + [AWS Architecture Center](https://aws.amazon.com/architecture/) + [AWS Solutions Library](https://aws.amazon.com/solutions/) + [AWS Knowledge Center](https://aws.amazon.com/premiumsupport/knowledge-center/) **Related videos:** + [This is my Architecture](https://aws.amazon.com/architecture/this-is-my-architecture/) + [AWS re:Invent 2023 - What’s new with AWS cost optimization ](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EOUTf2Dxo0Y) + [AWS re:Invent 2023 - Optimize cost and performance and track progress toward mitigation ](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=keAfy8f84E0) + [AWS re:Invent 2023 - AWS storage cost-optimization best practices ](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8LVKNHcA6RY) + [AWS re:Invent 2023 - Optimize costs in your multi-account environments ](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ie_Mqb-eC4A) **Related examples:** + [AWS Compute Optimizer Demo code ](https://github.com/awslabs/ec2-spot-labs/tree/master/aws-compute-optimizer) + [ Cost Optimization Workshop ](https://catalog.us-east-1.prod.workshops.aws/workshops/11959269-3506-4bcb-aa2a-f257709cb8ca/en-US) + [ Cloud Financial Management Technical Implementation Playbooks ](https://catalog.workshops.aws/awscff/en-US) + [ Startup optimization: Tuning application performance for maximum efficiency ](https://catalog.workshops.aws/performance-tuning/en-US) + [ Serverless Optimization Workshop (Performance and Cost) ](https://catalog.us-east-1.prod.workshops.aws/workshops/2d960419-7d15-44e7-b540-fd3ebeb7ce2e/en-US) + [ Scaling cost effective architectures ](https://catalog.us-east-1.prod.workshops.aws/workshops/f238037c-8f0b-446e-9c15-ebcc4908901a/en-US) # PERF01-BP04 Evaluate how trade-offs impact customers and architecture efficiency PERF01-BP04 Evaluate how trade-offs impact customers and architecture efficiency When evaluating performance-related improvements, determine which choices impact your customers and workload efficiency. For example, if using a key-value data store increases system performance, it is important to evaluate how the eventually consistent nature of this change will impact customers. **Common anti-patterns:** + You assume that all performance gains should be implemented, even if there are tradeoffs for implementation. + You only evaluate changes to workloads when a performance issue has reached a critical point. **Benefits of establishing this best practice:** When you are evaluating potential performance-related improvements, you must decide if the tradeoffs for the changes are acceptable with the workload requirements. In some cases, you may have to implement additional controls to compensate for the tradeoffs. **Level of risk exposed if this best practice is not established:** High ## Implementation guidance Implementation guidance Identify critical areas in your architecture in terms of performance and customer impact. Determine how you can make improvements, what trade-offs those improvements bring, and how they impact the system and the user experience. For example, implementing caching data can help dramatically improve performance but requires a clear strategy for how and when to update or invalidate cached data to prevent incorrect system behavior. ### Implementation steps Implementation steps + Understand your workload requirements and SLAs. + Clearly define evaluation factors. Factors may relate to cost, reliability, security, and performance of your workload. + Select architecture and services that can address your requirements. + Conduct experimentation and proof of concepts (POCs) to evaluate trade-off factors and impact on customers and architecture efficiency. Usually, highly-available, performant, and secure workloads consume more cloud resources while providing better customer experience. Understand the trade-offs across your workload’s complexity, performance, and cost. Typically, prioritizing two of the factors comes at the expense of the third. ## Resources Resources **Related documents:** + [Amazon Builders’ Library](https://aws.amazon.com/builders-library) + [Quick KPIs](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/quicksight/latest/user/kpi.html) + [Amazon CloudWatch RUM](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonCloudWatch/latest/monitoring/CloudWatch-RUM.html) + [X-Ray Documentation](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/xray/latest/devguide/aws-xray.html) + [ Understand resiliency patterns and trade-offs to architect efficiently in the cloud ](https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/architecture/understand-resiliency-patterns-and-trade-offs-to-architect-efficiently-in-the-cloud/) **Related videos:** + [Optimize applications through Amazon CloudWatch RUM](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NMaeujY9A9Y) + [AWS re:Invent 2023 - Capacity, availability, cost efficiency: Pick three ](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E0dYLPXrX_w) + [AWS re:Invent 2023 - Advanced integration patterns & trade-offs for loosely coupled systems ](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FGKGdUiZKto) **Related examples:** + [Measure page load time with Amazon CloudWatch Synthetics](https://github.com/aws-samples/amazon-cloudwatch-synthetics-page-performance) + [Amazon CloudWatch RUM Web Client](https://github.com/aws-observability/aws-rum-web) # PERF01-BP05 Use policies and reference architectures PERF01-BP05 Use policies and reference architectures Use internal policies and existing reference architectures when selecting services and configurations to be more efficient when designing and implementing your workload. **Common anti-patterns:** + You allow a wide variety of technology that may impact the management overhead of your company. **Benefits of establishing this best practice:** Establishing a policy for architecture, technology, and vendor choices allows decisions to be made quickly. **Level of risk exposed if this best practice is not established:** Medium ## Implementation guidance Implementation guidance Having internal policies in selecting resources and architecture provides standards and guidelines to follow when making architectural choices. Those guidelines streamline the decision-making process when choosing the right cloud service and can help improve performance efficiency. Deploy your workload using policies or reference architectures. Integrate the services into your cloud deployment, then use your performance tests to verify that you can continue to meet your performance requirements. ### Implementation steps Implementation steps + Clearly understand the requirements of your cloud workload. + Review internal and external policies to identify the most relevant ones. + Use the appropriate reference architectures provided by AWS or your industry best practices. + Create a continuum consisting of policies, standards, reference architectures, and prescriptive guidelines for common situations. Doing so allows your teams to move faster. Tailor the assets for your vertical if applicable. + Validate these policies and reference architectures for your workload in sandbox environments. + Stay up-to-date with industry standards and AWS updates to make sure your policies and reference architectures help optimize your cloud workload. ## Resources Resources **Related documents:** + [AWS Architecture Center](https://aws.amazon.com/architecture/) + [AWS Partner Network](https://aws.amazon.com/partners/) + [AWS Solutions Library](https://aws.amazon.com/solutions/) + [AWS Knowledge Center](https://aws.amazon.com/premiumsupport/knowledge-center/) + [AWS Architecture Blog ](https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/architecture/category/events/reinvent/) **Related videos:** + [This is my Architecture](https://aws.amazon.com/architecture/this-is-my-architecture/) + [AWS re:Invent 2022 - Accelerate value for your business with SAP & AWS reference architecture ](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-u3oyOy-HxU) **Related examples:** + [AWS Samples](https://github.com/aws-samples) + [AWS SDK Examples](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples) # PERF01-BP06 Use benchmarking to drive architectural decisions PERF01-BP06 Use benchmarking to drive architectural decisions Benchmark the performance of an existing workload to understand how it performs on the cloud and drive architectural decisions based on that data. **Common anti-patterns:** + You rely on common benchmarks that are not indicative of your workload’s characteristics. + You rely on customer feedback and perceptions as your only benchmark. **Benefits of establishing this best practice:** Benchmarking your current implementation allows you to measure performance improvements. **Level of risk exposed if this best practice is not established:** Medium ## Implementation guidance Implementation guidance Use benchmarking with synthetic tests to assess how your workload’s components perform. Benchmarking is generally quicker to set up than load testing and is used to evaluate the technology for a particular component. Benchmarking is often used at the start of a new project, when you lack a full solution to load test. You can either build your own custom benchmark tests or use an industry standard test, such as [TPC-DS](http://www.tpc.org/tpcds/), to benchmark your workloads. Industry benchmarks are helpful when comparing environments. Custom benchmarks are useful for targeting specific types of operations that you expect to make in your architecture. When benchmarking, it is important to pre-warm your test environment to get valid results. Run the same benchmark multiple times to verify that you’ve captured any variance over time. Because benchmarks are generally faster to run than load tests, they can be used earlier in the deployment pipeline and provide faster feedback on performance deviations. When you evaluate a significant change in a component or service, a benchmark can be a quick way to see if you can justify the effort to make the change. Using benchmarking in conjunction with load testing is important because load testing informs you about how your workload performs in production. ### Implementation steps Implementation steps + Plan and define: + Define the objectives, baseline, testing scenarios, metrics (like CPU utilization, latency, or throughput), and KPIs for your benchmark. + Focus on user requirements in terms of user experience and factors such as response time and accessibility. + Identify a benchmarking tool that is suitable for your workload. You can use AWS services like [Amazon CloudWatch](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonCloudWatch/latest/monitoring/WhatIsCloudWatch.html) or a third-party tool that is compatible with your workload. + Configure and instrument: + Set up your environment and configure your resources. + Implement monitoring and logging to capture testing results. + Benchmark and monitor: + Perform your benchmark tests and monitor the metrics during the test. + Analyze and document: + Document your benchmarking process and findings. + Analyze the results to identify bottlenecks, trends, and areas of improvement. + Use test results to make architectural decisions and adjust your workload. This may include changing services or adopting new features. + Optimize and repeat: + Adjust resource configurations and allocations based on your benchmarks. + Retest your workload after the adjustment to validate your improvements. + Document your learnings, and repeat the process to identify other areas of improvement. ## Resources Resources **Related documents:** + [AWS Architecture Center](https://aws.amazon.com/architecture/) + [AWS Partner Network](https://aws.amazon.com/partners/) + [AWS Solutions Library](https://aws.amazon.com/solutions/) + [AWS Knowledge Center](https://aws.amazon.com/premiumsupport/knowledge-center/) + [Amazon CloudWatch RUM](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonCloudWatch/latest/monitoring/CloudWatch-RUM.html) + [Amazon CloudWatch Synthetics](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonCloudWatch/latest/monitoring/CloudWatch_Synthetics_Canaries.html) + [Genomics workflows, Part 5: automated benchmarking](https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/architecture/genomics-workflows-part-5-automated-benchmarking/) + [Benchmark and optimize endpoint deployment in Amazon SageMaker AI JumpStart](https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/machine-learning/benchmark-and-optimize-endpoint-deployment-in-amazon-sagemaker-jumpstart/) **Related videos:** + [AWS re:Invent 2023 - Benchmarking AWS Lambda cold starts](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bGMEPI-va-Q&ab_channel=AWSEvents) + [Benchmarking stateful services in the cloud](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rtW4a4DvcWU&ab_channel=AWSEvents) + [This is my Architecture](https://aws.amazon.com/architecture/this-is-my-architecture/) + [Optimize applications through Amazon CloudWatch RUM](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NMaeujY9A9Y) + [Demo of Amazon CloudWatch Synthetics](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hF3NM9j-u7I) **Related examples:** + [AWS Samples](https://github.com/aws-samples) + [AWS SDK Examples](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples) + [Distributed Load Tests](https://aws.amazon.com/solutions/implementations/distributed-load-testing-on-aws/) + [Measure page load time with Amazon CloudWatch Synthetics](https://github.com/aws-samples/amazon-cloudwatch-synthetics-page-performance) + [Amazon CloudWatch RUM Web Client](https://github.com/aws-observability/aws-rum-web) # PERF01-BP07 Use a data-driven approach for architectural choices PERF01-BP07 Use a data-driven approach for architectural choices Define a clear, data-driven approach for architectural choices to verify that the right cloud services and configurations are used to meet your specific business needs. **Common anti-patterns:** + You assume your current architecture is static and should not be updated over time. + Your architectural choices are based upon guesses and assumptions. + You introduce architecture changes over time without justification. **Benefits of establishing this best practice:** By having a well-defined approach for making architectural choices, you use data to influence your workload design and make informed decisions over time. **Level of risk exposed if this best practice is not established:** Medium ## Implementation guidance Implementation guidance Use internal experience and knowledge of the cloud or external resources such as published use cases or whitepapers to choose resources and services in your architecture. You should have a well-defined process that encourages experimentation and benchmarking with the services that could be used in your workload. Backlogs for critical workloads should consist of not just user stories which deliver functionality relevant to business and users, but also technical stories which form an architecture runway for the workload. This runway is informed by new advancements in technology and new services and adopts them based on data and proper justification. This verifies that the architecture remains future-proof and does not stagnate. ### Implementation steps Implementation steps + Engage with key stakeholders to define workload requirements, including performance, availability, and cost considerations. Consider factors such as the number of users and usage pattern for your workload. + Create an architecture runway or a technology backlog which is prioritized along with the functional backlog. + Evaluate and assess different cloud services (for more detail, see [PERF01-BP01 Learn about and understand available cloud services and features](perf_architecture_understand_cloud_services_and_features.md)). + Explore different architectural patterns, like microservices or serverless, that meet your performance requirements (for more detail, see [PERF01-BP02 Use guidance from your cloud provider or an appropriate partner to learn about architecture patterns and best practices](perf_architecture_guidance_architecture_patterns_best_practices.md)). + Consult other teams, architecture diagrams, and resources, such as AWS Solution Architects, [AWS Architecture Center](https://aws.amazon.com/architecture/), and [AWS Partner Network](https://aws.amazon.com/partners/), to help you choose the right architecture for your workload. + Define performance metrics like throughput and response time that can help you evaluate the performance of your workload. + Experiment and use defined metrics to validate the performance of the selected architecture. + Continually monitor and make adjustments as needed to maintain the optimal performance of your architecture. + Document your selected architecture and decisions as a reference for future updates and learnings. + Continually review and update the architecture selection approach based on learnings, new technologies, and metrics that indicate a needed change or problem in the current approach. ## Resources Resources **Related documents:** + [AWS Solutions Library](https://aws.amazon.com/solutions/) + [AWS Knowledge Center](https://aws.amazon.com/premiumsupport/knowledge-center/) + [ Architectural Patterns to Build End-to-End Data Driven Applications on AWS](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/whitepapers/latest/build-e2e-data-driven-applications/build-e2e-data-driven-applications.html) **Related videos:** + [This is my Architecture](https://aws.amazon.com/architecture/this-is-my-architecture/) + [AWS re:Invent 2021 - Data-driven enterprise: Going from vision to value ](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_D0PF2N2AfA) + [AWS re:Invent 2022 - Delivering sustainable, high-performing architectures ](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FBc9hXQfat0) + [AWS re:Invent 2023 - Optimize cost and performance and track progress toward mitigation ](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=keAfy8f84E0) + [AWS re:Invent 2022 - AWS optimization: Actionable steps for immediate results ](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0ifvNf2Tx3w) **Related examples:** + [AWS Samples](https://github.com/aws-samples) + [AWS SDK Examples](https://github.com/awsdocs/aws-doc-sdk-examples)