RDF media types used by SPARQL in Neptune - Amazon Neptune
RDF serialization formatsSPARQL result formatsNeptune input formatsNeptune output media types

RDF media types used by SPARQL in Neptune

Resource Description Framework (RDF) data can be serialized in many different ways, most of which SPARQL can consume or output:

RDF serialization formats used by Neptune SPARQL

  • RDF/XML  –   XML serialization of RDF, defined in RDF 1.1 XML Syntax. Media type: application/rdf+xml. Typical file extension: .rdf.

  • N-Triples  –   A line-based, plain-text format for encoding an RDF graph, defined in RDF 1.1 N-Triples. Media type: application/n-triples, text/turtle, or text/plain. Typical file extension: .nt.

  • N-Quads  –   A line-based, plain-text format for encoding an RDF graph, defined in RDF 1.1 N-Quads. It is an extension of N-Triples. Media type: application/n-quads, or text/x-nquads when encoded with 7-bit US-ASCII. Typical file extension: .nq.

  • Turtle  –   A textual syntax for RDF defined in RDF 1.1 Turtle that allows an RDF graph to be completely written in a compact and natural text form, with abbreviations for common usage patterns and datatypes. Turtle provides levels of compatibility with the N-Triples format as well as SPARQL's triple pattern syntax. Media type: text/turtleTypical file extension: .ttl.

  • TriG  –   A textual syntax for RDF defined in RDF 1.1 TriG that allows an RDF graph to be completely written in a compact and natural text form, with abbreviations for common usage patterns and datatypes. TriG is an extension of the Turtle format. Media type: application/trig. Typical file extension: .trig.

  • N3 (Notation3)  –   An assertion and logic language defined in Notation3 (N3): A readable RDF syntax. N3 extends the RDF data model by adding formulae (literals which are graphs themselves), variables, logical implication, and functional predicates, and provides a textual syntax alternative to RDF/XML. Media type: text/n3. Typical file extension: .n3.

  • JSON-LD  –   A data serialization and messaging format defined in JSON-LD 1.0.Media type: application/ld+json. Typical file extension: .jsonld.

  • TriX  –   A serialization of RDF in XML, defined in TriX: RDF Triples in XML. Media type: application/trix. Typical file extension: .trix.

  • SPARQL JSON Results  –   A serialization of RDF using the SPARQL 1.1 Query Results JSON Format. Media type: application/sparql-results+json. Typical file extension: .srj.

  • RDF4J Binary Format  –   A binary format for encoding RDF data, documented in RDF4J Binary RDF Format. Media type: application/x-binary-rdf.

SPARQL result serialization formats used by Neptune SPARQL

  • SPARQL XML Results  –   An XML format for the variable binding and boolean results formats provided by the SPARQL query language, defined in SPARQL Query Results XML Format (Second Edition). Media type: application/sparql-results+xml. Typical file extension: .srx.

  • SPARQL CSV and TSV Results  –   The use of comma-separated values and tab-separated values to express SPARQL query results from SELECT queries, defined in SPARQL 1.1 Query Results CSV and TSV Formats. Media type: text/csv for comma-separated values, and text/tab-separated-values for tab-separated values. Typical file extensions: .csv for comma-separated values, and .tsv for tab-separated values.

  • Binary Results Table  –   A binary format for encoding the output of SPARQL queries. Media type: application/x-binary-rdf-results-table.

  • SPARQL JSON Results  –   A serialization of RDF using the SPARQL 1.1 Query Results JSON Format. Media type: application/sparql-results+json.

Media-Types that Neptune can use to import RDF data

Media-types supported by the Neptune bulk-loader
Media-types that SPARQL UPDATE LOAD can import

Media-Types that Neptune can use to export query results

To specify the output format for a SPARQL query response, send an "Accept: media-type" header with the query request. For example:

curl -H "Accept: application/nquads" ...
RDF media-types that SPARQL SELECT can output from Neptune
RDF media-types that SPARQL ASK can output from Neptune
RDF media-types that SPARQL CONSTRUCT can output from Neptune
RDF media-types that SPARQL DESCRIBE can output from Neptune