# Tutorial: Loading data into Amazon Keyspaces using cqlsh
<a name="bulk-upload"></a>

This tutorial guides you through the process of migrating data from Apache Cassandra to Amazon Keyspaces using the `cqlsh COPY FROM` command. The `cqlsh COPY FROM` command is useful to quickly and easily upload small datasets to Amazon Keyspaces for academic or test purposes. For more information about how to migrate production workloads, see [Offline migration process: Apache Cassandra to Amazon Keyspaces](migrating-offline.md). In this tutorial, you'll complete the following steps: 

Prerequisites – Set up an AWS account with credentials, create a JKS trust store file for the certificate, and configure `cqlsh` to connect to Amazon Keyspaces. 

1. **Create source CSV and target table** – Prepare a CSV file as the source data and create the target keyspace and table in Amazon Keyspaces.

1. **Prepare the data** – Randomize the data in the CSV file and analyze it to determine the average and maximum row sizes.

1. **Set throughput capacity** – Calculate the required write capacity units (WCUs) based on the data size and desired load time, and configure the table's provisioned capacity.

1. **Configure cqlsh parameters** – Determine optimal values for `cqlsh COPY FROM` parameters like `INGESTRATE`, `NUMPROCESSES`, `MAXBATCHSIZE`, and `CHUNKSIZE` to distribute the workload evenly. 

1. **Run the `cqlsh COPY FROM` command ** – Run the `cqlsh COPY FROM` command to upload the data from the CSV file to the Amazon Keyspaces table, and monitor the progress.

Troubleshooting – Resolve common issues like invalid requests, parser errors, capacity errors, and cqlsh errors during the data upload process. 

**Topics**
+ [Prerequisites: Steps to complete before you can upload data using `cqlsh COPY FROM`](bulk-upload-prequs.md)
+ [Step 1: Create the source CSV file and a target table for the data upload](bulk-upload-source.md)
+ [Step 2: Prepare the source data for a successful data upload](bulk-upload-prepare-data.md)
+ [Step 3: Set throughput capacity for the table](bulk-upload-capacity.md)
+ [Step 4: Configure `cqlsh COPY FROM` settings](bulk-upload-config.md)
+ [Step 5: Run the `cqlsh COPY FROM` command to upload data from the CSV file to the target table](bulk-upload-run.md)
+ [Troubleshooting](bulk-upload-troubleshooting.md)