• Le AWS Systems Manager CloudWatch tableau de bord ne sera plus disponible après le 30 avril 2026. Les clients peuvent continuer à utiliser CloudWatch la console Amazon pour consulter, créer et gérer leurs CloudWatch tableaux de bord Amazon, comme ils le font aujourd'hui. Pour plus d'informations, consultez la [documentation Amazon CloudWatch Dashboard](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonCloudWatch/latest/monitoring/CloudWatch_Dashboards.html). Les traductions sont fournies par des outils de traduction automatique. En cas de conflit entre le contenu d'une traduction et celui de la version originale en anglais, la version anglaise prévaudra. # Restaurer un volume racine à partir du dernier instantané Le système d'exploitation d'un volume racine peut être corrompu pour diverses raisons. Par exemple, à l'issue d'une opération d'application de correctifs, le démarrage des instances peut échouer pour cause de noyau ou de registre corrompu. L'automatisation des tâches de dépannage courantes, telles que la restauration d'un volume racine à partir du dernier instantané pris avant l'opération de correction, permet de réduire les temps d'arrêt et d'accélérer les efforts de dépannage. AWS Systems Manager Les actions d'automatisation peuvent vous y aider. Automation est un outil d’ AWS Systems Manager. L'exemple de AWS Systems Manager runbook suivant exécute les actions suivantes : + Il utilise l'action d'automatisation `aws:executeAwsApi` pour récupérer les détails du volume racine de l'instance. + Il utilise l'action d'automatisation `aws:executeScript` pour récupérer le dernier instantané du volume racine. + Il utilise l'action d'automatisation `aws:branch` pour poursuivre l'automatisation si un instantané est trouvé pour le volume racine. ------ #### [ YAML ] ``` --- description: Custom Automation Troubleshooting Example schemaVersion: '0.3' assumeRole: "{{ AutomationAssumeRole }}" parameters: AutomationAssumeRole: type: String description: "(Required) The ARN of the role that allows Automation to perform the actions on your behalf. If no role is specified, Systems Manager Automation uses your IAM permissions to use this runbook." default: '' InstanceId: type: String description: "(Required) The Instance Id whose root EBS volume you want to restore the latest Snapshot." default: '' mainSteps: - name: getInstanceDetails action: aws:executeAwsApi onFailure: Abort inputs: Service: ec2 Api: DescribeInstances InstanceIds: - "{{ InstanceId }}" outputs: - Name: availabilityZone Selector: "$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].Placement.AvailabilityZone" Type: String - Name: rootDeviceName Selector: "$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].RootDeviceName" Type: String nextStep: getRootVolumeId - name: getRootVolumeId action: aws:executeAwsApi onFailure: Abort inputs: Service: ec2 Api: DescribeVolumes Filters: - Name: attachment.device Values: ["{{ getInstanceDetails.rootDeviceName }}"] - Name: attachment.instance-id Values: ["{{ InstanceId }}"] outputs: - Name: rootVolumeId Selector: "$.Volumes[0].VolumeId" Type: String nextStep: getSnapshotsByStartTime - name: getSnapshotsByStartTime action: aws:executeScript timeoutSeconds: 45 onFailure: Abort inputs: Runtime: python3.11 Handler: getSnapshotsByStartTime InputPayload: rootVolumeId : "{{ getRootVolumeId.rootVolumeId }}" Script: |- def getSnapshotsByStartTime(events,context): import boto3 #Initialize client ec2 = boto3.client('ec2') rootVolumeId = events['rootVolumeId'] snapshotsQuery = ec2.describe_snapshots( Filters=[ { "Name": "volume-id", "Values": [rootVolumeId] } ] ) if not snapshotsQuery['Snapshots']: noSnapshotFoundString = "NoSnapshotFound" return { 'noSnapshotFound' : noSnapshotFoundString } else: jsonSnapshots = snapshotsQuery['Snapshots'] sortedSnapshots = sorted(jsonSnapshots, key=lambda k: k['StartTime'], reverse=True) latestSortedSnapshotId = sortedSnapshots[0]['SnapshotId'] return { 'latestSnapshotId' : latestSortedSnapshotId } outputs: - Name: Payload Selector: $.Payload Type: StringMap - Name: latestSnapshotId Selector: $.Payload.latestSnapshotId Type: String - Name: noSnapshotFound Selector: $.Payload.noSnapshotFound Type: String nextStep: branchFromResults - name: branchFromResults action: aws:branch onFailure: Abort inputs: Choices: - NextStep: createNewRootVolumeFromSnapshot Not: Variable: "{{ getSnapshotsByStartTime.noSnapshotFound }}" StringEquals: "NoSnapshotFound" isEnd: true - name: createNewRootVolumeFromSnapshot action: aws:executeAwsApi onFailure: Abort inputs: Service: ec2 Api: CreateVolume AvailabilityZone: "{{ getInstanceDetails.availabilityZone }}" SnapshotId: "{{ getSnapshotsByStartTime.latestSnapshotId }}" outputs: - Name: newRootVolumeId Selector: "$.VolumeId" Type: String nextStep: stopInstance - name: stopInstance action: aws:executeAwsApi onFailure: Abort inputs: Service: ec2 Api: StopInstances InstanceIds: - "{{ InstanceId }}" nextStep: verifyVolumeAvailability - name: verifyVolumeAvailability action: aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty timeoutSeconds: 120 inputs: Service: ec2 Api: DescribeVolumes VolumeIds: - "{{ createNewRootVolumeFromSnapshot.newRootVolumeId }}" PropertySelector: "$.Volumes[0].State" DesiredValues: - "available" nextStep: verifyInstanceStopped - name: verifyInstanceStopped action: aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty timeoutSeconds: 120 inputs: Service: ec2 Api: DescribeInstances InstanceIds: - "{{ InstanceId }}" PropertySelector: "$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].State.Name" DesiredValues: - "stopped" nextStep: detachRootVolume - name: detachRootVolume action: aws:executeAwsApi onFailure: Abort inputs: Service: ec2 Api: DetachVolume VolumeId: "{{ getRootVolumeId.rootVolumeId }}" nextStep: verifyRootVolumeDetached - name: verifyRootVolumeDetached action: aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty timeoutSeconds: 30 inputs: Service: ec2 Api: DescribeVolumes VolumeIds: - "{{ getRootVolumeId.rootVolumeId }}" PropertySelector: "$.Volumes[0].State" DesiredValues: - "available" nextStep: attachNewRootVolume - name: attachNewRootVolume action: aws:executeAwsApi onFailure: Abort inputs: Service: ec2 Api: AttachVolume Device: "{{ getInstanceDetails.rootDeviceName }}" InstanceId: "{{ InstanceId }}" VolumeId: "{{ createNewRootVolumeFromSnapshot.newRootVolumeId }}" nextStep: verifyNewRootVolumeAttached - name: verifyNewRootVolumeAttached action: aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty timeoutSeconds: 30 inputs: Service: ec2 Api: DescribeVolumes VolumeIds: - "{{ createNewRootVolumeFromSnapshot.newRootVolumeId }}" PropertySelector: "$.Volumes[0].Attachments[0].State" DesiredValues: - "attached" nextStep: startInstance - name: startInstance action: aws:executeAwsApi onFailure: Abort inputs: Service: ec2 Api: StartInstances InstanceIds: - "{{ InstanceId }}" ``` ------ #### [ JSON ] ``` { "description": "Custom Automation Troubleshooting Example", "schemaVersion": "0.3", "assumeRole": "{{ AutomationAssumeRole }}", "parameters": { "AutomationAssumeRole": { "type": "String", "description": "(Required) The ARN of the role that allows Automation to perform the actions on your behalf. If no role is specified, Systems Manager Automation uses your IAM permissions to run this runbook.", "default": "" }, "InstanceId": { "type": "String", "description": "(Required) The Instance Id whose root EBS volume you want to restore the latest Snapshot.", "default": "" } }, "mainSteps": [ { "name": "getInstanceDetails", "action": "aws:executeAwsApi", "onFailure": "Abort", "inputs": { "Service": "ec2", "Api": "DescribeInstances", "InstanceIds": [ "{{ InstanceId }}" ] }, "outputs": [ { "Name": "availabilityZone", "Selector": "$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].Placement.AvailabilityZone", "Type": "String" }, { "Name": "rootDeviceName", "Selector": "$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].RootDeviceName", "Type": "String" } ], "nextStep": "getRootVolumeId" }, { "name": "getRootVolumeId", "action": "aws:executeAwsApi", "onFailure": "Abort", "inputs": { "Service": "ec2", "Api": "DescribeVolumes", "Filters": [ { "Name": "attachment.device", "Values": [ "{{ getInstanceDetails.rootDeviceName }}" ] }, { "Name": "attachment.instance-id", "Values": [ "{{ InstanceId }}" ] } ] }, "outputs": [ { "Name": "rootVolumeId", "Selector": "$.Volumes[0].VolumeId", "Type": "String" } ], "nextStep": "getSnapshotsByStartTime" }, { "name": "getSnapshotsByStartTime", "action": "aws:executeScript", "timeoutSeconds": 45, "onFailure": "Continue", "inputs": { "Runtime": "python3.11", "Handler": "getSnapshotsByStartTime", "InputPayload": { "rootVolumeId": "{{ getRootVolumeId.rootVolumeId }}" }, "Attachment": "getSnapshotsByStartTime.py" }, "outputs": [ { "Name": "Payload", "Selector": "$.Payload", "Type": "StringMap" }, { "Name": "latestSnapshotId", "Selector": "$.Payload.latestSnapshotId", "Type": "String" }, { "Name": "noSnapshotFound", "Selector": "$.Payload.noSnapshotFound", "Type": "String" } ], "nextStep": "branchFromResults" }, { "name": "branchFromResults", "action": "aws:branch", "onFailure": "Abort", "inputs": { "Choices": [ { "NextStep": "createNewRootVolumeFromSnapshot", "Not": { "Variable": "{{ getSnapshotsByStartTime.noSnapshotFound }}", "StringEquals": "NoSnapshotFound" } } ] }, "isEnd": true }, { "name": "createNewRootVolumeFromSnapshot", "action": "aws:executeAwsApi", "onFailure": "Abort", "inputs": { "Service": "ec2", "Api": "CreateVolume", "AvailabilityZone": "{{ getInstanceDetails.availabilityZone }}", "SnapshotId": "{{ getSnapshotsByStartTime.latestSnapshotId }}" }, "outputs": [ { "Name": "newRootVolumeId", "Selector": "$.VolumeId", "Type": "String" } ], "nextStep": "stopInstance" }, { "name": "stopInstance", "action": "aws:executeAwsApi", "onFailure": "Abort", "inputs": { "Service": "ec2", "Api": "StopInstances", "InstanceIds": [ "{{ InstanceId }}" ] }, "nextStep": "verifyVolumeAvailability" }, { "name": "verifyVolumeAvailability", "action": "aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty", "timeoutSeconds": 120, "inputs": { "Service": "ec2", "Api": "DescribeVolumes", "VolumeIds": [ "{{ createNewRootVolumeFromSnapshot.newRootVolumeId }}" ], "PropertySelector": "$.Volumes[0].State", "DesiredValues": [ "available" ] }, "nextStep": "verifyInstanceStopped" }, { "name": "verifyInstanceStopped", "action": "aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty", "timeoutSeconds": 120, "inputs": { "Service": "ec2", "Api": "DescribeInstances", "InstanceIds": [ "{{ InstanceId }}" ], "PropertySelector": "$.Reservations[0].Instances[0].State.Name", "DesiredValues": [ "stopped" ] }, "nextStep": "detachRootVolume" }, { "name": "detachRootVolume", "action": "aws:executeAwsApi", "onFailure": "Abort", "inputs": { "Service": "ec2", "Api": "DetachVolume", "VolumeId": "{{ getRootVolumeId.rootVolumeId }}" }, "nextStep": "verifyRootVolumeDetached" }, { "name": "verifyRootVolumeDetached", "action": "aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty", "timeoutSeconds": 30, "inputs": { "Service": "ec2", "Api": "DescribeVolumes", "VolumeIds": [ "{{ getRootVolumeId.rootVolumeId }}" ], "PropertySelector": "$.Volumes[0].State", "DesiredValues": [ "available" ] }, "nextStep": "attachNewRootVolume" }, { "name": "attachNewRootVolume", "action": "aws:executeAwsApi", "onFailure": "Abort", "inputs": { "Service": "ec2", "Api": "AttachVolume", "Device": "{{ getInstanceDetails.rootDeviceName }}", "InstanceId": "{{ InstanceId }}", "VolumeId": "{{ createNewRootVolumeFromSnapshot.newRootVolumeId }}" }, "nextStep": "verifyNewRootVolumeAttached" }, { "name": "verifyNewRootVolumeAttached", "action": "aws:waitForAwsResourceProperty", "timeoutSeconds": 30, "inputs": { "Service": "ec2", "Api": "DescribeVolumes", "VolumeIds": [ "{{ createNewRootVolumeFromSnapshot.newRootVolumeId }}" ], "PropertySelector": "$.Volumes[0].Attachments[0].State", "DesiredValues": [ "attached" ] }, "nextStep": "startInstance" }, { "name": "startInstance", "action": "aws:executeAwsApi", "onFailure": "Abort", "inputs": { "Service": "ec2", "Api": "StartInstances", "InstanceIds": [ "{{ InstanceId }}" ] } } ], "files": { "getSnapshotsByStartTime.py": { "checksums": { "sha256": "sampleETagValue" } } } } ``` ------