# Amazon EBS fast snapshot restore
Fast snapshot restore

Amazon EBS fast snapshot restore (FSR) enables you to create a volume from a snapshot that is fully initialized at creation. This eliminates the latency of I/O operations on a block when it is accessed for the first time. Volumes that are created using fast snapshot restore instantly deliver all of their provisioned performance.

To get started, enable fast snapshot restore for specific snapshots in specific Availability Zones. Each snapshot and Availability Zone pair refers to one fast snapshot restore. When you create a volume from one of these snapshots in one of its enabled Availability Zones, the volume is restored using fast snapshot restore. 

You must explicitly enable fast snapshot restore for each snapshot. For example, if you create a new snapshot from a volume that was restored from a fast snapshot restore-enabled snapshot, the new snapshot is not automatically enabled for fast snapshot restore. If you copy a snapshot that is enabled for fast snapshot restore, the snapshot copy is not automatically enabled for fast snapshot restore.

The number of volumes that you can restore with the full performance benefit of fast snapshot restore is determined by volume creation credits for the snapshot. For more information see [Amazon EBS fast snapshot restore volume creation credits](volume-creation-credits.md).

You can enable fast snapshot restore for snapshots that you own and for public and private snapshots that are shared with you.

**Topics**
+ [

## Considerations
](#fsr-considerations)
+ [

## Pricing and Billing
](#fsr-pricing)
+ [

# Amazon EBS fast snapshot restore volume creation credits
](volume-creation-credits.md)
+ [

# Configure fast snapshot restore for an Amazon EBS snapshot
](manage-fsr-enable.md)
+ [

# Check the fast snapshot restore state for an Amazon EBS snapshot
](view-fsr-enabled-snapshots.md)
+ [

# View Amazon EBS volumes restored using fast snapshot restore
](view-fast-restored-volumes.md)

## Considerations

+ Fast snapshot restore is not supported with AWS Outposts, Local Zones, and Wavelength Zones.
+ Fast snapshot restore can be enabled on snapshots with a size of 16 TiB or less.
+ Volumes provisioned with performance up to 64,000 IOPS and 1,000 MiB/s throughput receive the full performance benefit of fast snapshot restore. For volumes provisioned with performance greater than 64,000 IOPS or 1,000 MiB/s throughput, we recommend that you [initialize the volume](initalize-volume.md#ebs-initialize) to receive its full performance. 
+ You can enable up to 5 snapshots for fast snapshot restore per Region. The quota applies to snapshots that you own and snapshots that are shared with you. If you enable fast snapshot restore for a snapshot that is shared with you, it counts towards your fast snapshot restore quota. It does not count towards the snapshot owner's fast snapshot restore quota.
+ Amazon EBS emits Amazon CloudWatch events when the fast snapshot restore state for a snapshot changes. For more information, see [EBS fast snapshot restore events](ebs-cloud-watch-events.md#fast-snapshot-restore-events). 

## Pricing and Billing


You are billed for each minute that fast snapshot restore is enabled for a snapshot in a particular Availability Zone. Charges are pro-rated with a minimum of one hour. 

For example, if you enable fast snapshot restore for one snapshot in `US-East-1a` for one month (30 days), you are billed **\$1540** (`1` snapshot x `1` AZ x `720` hours x `$0.75` per hour). If you enable fast snapshot restore for two snapshots in `us-east-1a`, `us-east-1b`, and `us-east-1c` for the same period, you are billed **\$13240** (`2` snapshots x `3` AZs x `720` hours x `$0.75` per hour).

If you enable fast snapshot restore for a public or private snapshot that is shared with you, your account is billed; the snapshot owner is not billed. When a snapshot that is shared with you is deleted or unshared by the snapshot owner, fast snapshot restore is disabled for the snapshot in your account and billing is stopped. 

For more information, see [Amazon EBS pricing](https://aws.amazon.com/ebs/pricing/).

# Amazon EBS fast snapshot restore volume creation credits
Volume creation credits

The number of volumes that receive the full performance benefit of fast snapshot restore is determined by the volume creation credits for the snapshot. There is one credit bucket per snapshot per Availability Zone. Each volume that you create from a snapshot with fast snapshot restore enabled consumes one credit from the credit bucket. You must have at least one credit in the bucket to create an initialized volume from the snapshot. If you create a volume but there is less than one credit in the bucket, the volume is created without benefit of fast snapshot restore.

When you enable fast snapshot restore for a snapshot that is shared with you, you get a separate credit bucket for the shared snapshot in your account. If you create volumes from the shared snapshot, the credits are consumed from your credit bucket; they are not consumed from the snapshot owner's credit bucket.

The credit bucket size and the refill rate are based on the size of the snapshot (which is also the size of the source volume), not the size of the snapshot data. For example, if you create a snapshot from a 200 GiB volume that has 150 GiB of data, and enable it for fast snapshot restore, the credit bucket size and the refill rate are based on 200 GiB.

When you enable fast snapshot restore for a snapshot, the credit bucket starts with zero credits, and it gets filled at a set rate until it reaches its maximum credit capacity. Also, as you consume credits, the credit bucket is refilled over time until it reaches its maximum credit capacity.

 The fill rate for a credit bucket is calculated as follows:

```
MIN (10, (1024 ÷ snapshot_size_gib))
```

And the size of the credit bucket is calculated as follows:

```
MAX (1, MIN (10, (1024 ÷ snapshot_size_gib)))
```

**For example**, if you enable fast snapshot restore for a snapshot with a size of `128 GiB`, the fill rate is `0.1333` credits per minute.

```
MIN (10, (1024 ÷ 128))
 = MIN (10, 8)        
 = 8 credits per hour
 = 0.1333 credits per minute
```

And the maximum size of the credit bucket is `8` credits.

```
MAX (1, MIN (10, (1024 ÷ 128)))      
 = MAX (1, MIN (10, 8))
 = MAX (1, 8)
 = 8 credits
```

In this example, when you enable fast snapshot restore, the credit bucket starts with zero credits. After 8 minutes, the credit bucket has enough credits to create one initialized volume (`0.1333 credits × 8 minutes = 1.066 credits`). When the credit bucket is full, you can create 8 initialized volumes simultaneously (8 credits). When the bucket is below its maximum capacity, it refills with `0.1333` credits per minute.

You can use CloudWatch metrics to monitor the size of your credit buckets and the number of credits available in each bucket. For more information, see [Metrics for fast snapshot restore](using_cloudwatch_ebs.md#fast-snapshot-restore-metrics).

After you create a volume from a snapshot with fast snapshot restore enabled, you can describe the volume using [describe-volumes](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cli/latest/reference/ec2/describe-volumes.html) and check the `fastRestored` field in the output to determine whether the volume was created as an initialized volume using fast snapshot restore.

# Configure fast snapshot restore for an Amazon EBS snapshot
Configure fast snapshot restore

Fast snapshot restore is disabled for a snapshot by default. You can enable or disable fast snapshot restore for snapshots that you own and for snapshots that are shared with you. When you enable or disable fast snapshot restore for a snapshot, the changes apply to your account only.

**Note**  
When you enable fast snapshot restore for a snapshot, your account is billed for each minute that fast snapshot restore is enabled in a particular Availability Zone. Charges are pro-rated and have a minimum of one hour.

When you delete a snapshot that you own, fast snapshot restore is automatically disabled for that snapshot in your account. If you enabled fast snapshot restore for a snapshot that is shared with you, and the snapshot owner deletes or unshares it, fast snapshot restore is automatically disabled for the shared snapshot in your account.

If you enabled fast snapshot restore for a snapshot that is shared with you, and it has been encrypted using a custom CMK, fast snapshot restore is not automatically disabled for the snapshot when the snapshot owner revokes your access to the custom CMK. You must manually disable fast snapshot restore for that snapshot.

After you enable fast snapshot restore for a snapshot, it enters the `optimizing` state. Snapshots that are in the `optimizing` state provide some performance benefits when using them to restore volumes. They start to provide the full performance benefits of fast snapshot restore only after they enter the `enabled` state.

------
#### [ Console ]

**To configure fast snapshot restore**

1. Open the Amazon EC2 console at [https://console.aws.amazon.com/ec2/](https://console.aws.amazon.com/ec2/).

1. In the navigation pane, choose **Snapshots**.

1. Select the snapshot, and choose **Actions**, **Manage fast snapshot restore**.

1. The **Fast snapshot restore settings** section lists all of the Availability Zones in which you can enable fast snapshot restore for the selected snapshot. The **Current status** volume indicates whether fast snapshot restore is current enabled or disabled for each zone.

   To enable fast snapshot restore in a zone where it is currently disabled, select the zone, choose **Enable**, and then to confirm, choose **Enable**.

   To disable fast snapshot restore in a zone where it is currently enabled, select the zone, and then choose **Disable**.

1. After you have made the required changes, choose **Close**.

------
#### [ AWS CLI ]

**To enable fast snapshot restore**  
Use the [enable-fast-snapshot-restores](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cli/latest/reference/ec2/enable-fast-snapshot-restores.html) command.

```
aws ec2 enable-fast-snapshot-restores \
    --availability-zones us-east-1a us-east-1b \
    --source-snapshot-ids snap-0abcdef1234567890
```

**To disable fast snapshot restore**  
Use the [disable-fast-snapshot-restores](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cli/latest/reference/ec2/disable-fast-snapshot-restores.html) command.

```
aws ec2 disable-fast-snapshot-restores \
    --availability-zones us-east-1a \
    --source-snapshot-ids snap-0abcdef1234567890
```

The following example uses the [describe-fast-snapshot-restores](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cli/latest/reference/ec2/describe-fast-snapshot-restores.html) command to describe your disabled fast snapshot restores.

```
aws ec2 describe-fast-snapshot-restores \
    --filters Name=state,Values=disabled
```

------
#### [ PowerShell ]

**To enable fast snapshot restore**  
Use the [Enable-EC2FastSnapshotRestore](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/powershell/latest/reference/items/Enable-EC2FastSnapshotRestore.html) cmdlet.

```
Enable-EC2FastSnapshotRestore `
    -AvailabilityZone us-east-1a us-east-1b `
    -SourceSnapshotId snap-0abcdef1234567890
```

**To disable fast snapshot restore**  
Use the [Disable-EC2FastSnapshotRestore](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/powershell/latest/reference/items/Disable-EC2FastSnapshotRestore.html) cmdlet.

```
Disable-EC2FastSnapshotRestore `
    -AvailabilityZone us-east-1a `
    -SourceSnapshotId snap-0abcdef1234567890
```

The following example uses the [Get-EC2FastSnapshotRestore](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/powershell/latest/reference/items/Get-EC2FastSnapshotRestore.html) cmdlet to describe your disabled fast snapshot restores.

```
Get-EC2FastSnapshotRestore `
    -Filter @{Name="state"; Values="disabled"}
```

------

# Check the fast snapshot restore state for an Amazon EBS snapshot
Check fast snapshot restore state

Fast snapshot restore for a snapshot can be in one of the following states.
+ `enabling` — A request was made to enable fast snapshot restore.
+ `optimizing` — Fast snapshot restore is being enabled. It takes 60 minutes per TiB to optimize a snapshot. Snapshots in this state offer some performance benefit when restoring volumes.
+ `enabled` — Fast snapshot restore is enabled. Snapshots that are in this state and that have sufficient volume creation credits offer the full performance benefit when restoring volumes.
+ `disabling` — A request was made to disable fast snapshot restore, or a request to enable fast snapshot restore failed.
+ `disabled` — Fast snapshot restore is disabled. You can enable fast snapshot restore again as needed.

You can view the state of fast snapshot restore for a snapshot that you own or for a snapshot that is shared with you.

------
#### [ Console ]

**To view the state of fast snapshot restore**

1. Open the Amazon EC2 console at [https://console.aws.amazon.com/ec2/](https://console.aws.amazon.com/ec2/).

1. In the navigation pane, choose **Snapshots**.

1. Select the snapshot.

1. On the **Details** tab, **Fast snapshot restore**, indicates the state of fast snapshot restore.

------
#### [ AWS CLI ]

**To view snapshots with fast snapshot restore enabled**  
Use the [describe-fast-snapshot-restores](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cli/latest/reference/ec2/describe-fast-snapshot-restores.html) command.

```
aws ec2 describe-fast-snapshot-restores --filters Name=state,Values=enabled
```

The following is example output.

```
{
    "FastSnapshotRestores": [
        {
            "SnapshotId": "snap-0e946653493cb0447",
            "AvailabilityZone": "us-east-2a",
            "State": "enabled",
            "StateTransitionReason": "Client.UserInitiated - Lifecycle state transition",
            "OwnerId": "123456789012",
            "EnablingTime": "2020-01-25T23:57:49.596Z",
            "OptimizingTime": "2020-01-25T23:58:25.573Z",
            "EnabledTime": "2020-01-25T23:59:29.852Z"
        },
        {
            "SnapshotId": "snap-0e946653493cb0447",
            "AvailabilityZone": "us-east-2b",
            "State": "enabled",
            "StateTransitionReason": "Client.UserInitiated - Lifecycle state transition",
            "OwnerId": "123456789012",
            "EnablingTime": "2020-01-25T23:57:49.596Z",
            "OptimizingTime": "2020-01-25T23:58:25.573Z",
            "EnabledTime": "2020-01-25T23:59:29.852Z"
        }
    ]
}
```

------
#### [ PowerShell ]

**To view snapshots with fast snapshot restore enabled**  
Use the [Get-EC2FastSnapshotRestore](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/powershell/latest/reference/items/Get-EC2FastSnapshotRestore.html) cmdlet.

```
Get-EC2FastSnapshotRestore `
    -Filter @{Name="state"; Values="enabled"}
```

------

# View Amazon EBS volumes restored using fast snapshot restore
View volumes restored using fast snapshot restore

When you create a volume from a snapshot that is enabled for fast snapshot restore in the Availability Zone for the volume, it is restored using fast snapshot restore.

------
#### [ AWS CLI ]

**To view volumes that were created from a snapshot that is enabled for fast snapshot restore**  
Use the [describe-volumes](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cli/latest/reference/ec2/describe-volumes.html) command.

```
aws ec2 describe-volumes --filters Name=fast-restored,Values=true
```

The following is example output.

```
{
    "Volumes": [
        {
            "Attachments": [],
            "AvailabilityZone": "us-east-2a",
            "CreateTime": "2020-01-26T00:34:11.093Z",
            "Encrypted": true,
            "KmsKeyId": "arn:aws:kms:us-west-2:123456789012:key/8c5b2c63-b9bc-45a3-a87a-5513e232e843",
            "Size": 20,
            "SnapshotId": "snap-0abcdef1234567890",
            "State": "available",
            "VolumeId": "vol-01234567890abcdef",
            "Iops": 100,
            "VolumeType": "gp2",
            "FastRestored": true
        }
    ]
}
```

------
#### [ PowerShell ]

**To view volumes that were created from a snapshot that is enabled for fast snapshot restore**  
Use the [Get-EC2Volume](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/powershell/latest/reference/items/Get-EC2Volume.html) cmdlet.

```
Get-EC2Volume -Filter @{Name="fast-restored"; Values="true"}
```

------