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Identity and Access Management for AWS CodeCommit

AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) is an AWS service that helps an administrator securely control access to AWS resources. IAM administrators control who can be authenticated (signed in) and authorized (have permissions) to use CodeCommit resources. IAM is an AWS service that you can use with no additional charge.

Audience

How you use AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) differs based on your role:

Authenticating with identities

Authentication is how you sign in to AWS using your identity credentials. You must be authenticated as the AWS account root user, an IAM user, or by assuming an IAM role.

You can sign in as a federated identity using credentials from an identity source like AWS IAM Identity Center (IAM Identity Center), single sign-on authentication, or Google/Facebook credentials. For more information about signing in, see How to sign in to your AWS account in the AWS Sign-In User Guide.

For programmatic access, AWS provides an SDK and CLI to cryptographically sign requests. For more information, see AWS Signature Version 4 for API requests in the IAM User Guide.

AWS account root user

When you create an AWS account, you begin with one sign-in identity called the AWS account root user that has complete access to all AWS services and resources. We strongly recommend that you don't use the root user for everyday tasks. For tasks that require root user credentials, see Tasks that require root user credentials in the IAM User Guide.

IAM users and groups

An IAM user is an identity with specific permissions for a single person or application. We recommend using temporary credentials instead of IAM users with long-term credentials. For more information, see Require human users to use federation with an identity provider to access AWS using temporary credentials in the IAM User Guide.

An IAM group specifies a collection of IAM users and makes permissions easier to manage for large sets of users. For more information, see Use cases for IAM users in the IAM User Guide.

IAM roles

An IAM role is an identity with specific permissions that provides temporary credentials. You can assume a role by switching from a user to an IAM role (console) or by calling an AWS CLI or AWS API operation. For more information, see Methods to assume a role in the IAM User Guide.

IAM roles are useful for federated user access, temporary IAM user permissions, cross-account access, cross-service access, and applications running on Amazon EC2. For more information, see Cross account resource access in IAM in the IAM User Guide.

Managing access using policies

You control access in AWS by creating policies and attaching them to AWS identities or resources. A policy defines permissions when associated with an identity or resource. AWS evaluates these policies when a principal makes a request. Most policies are stored in AWS as JSON documents. For more information about JSON policy documents, see Overview of JSON policies in the IAM User Guide.

Using policies, administrators specify who has access to what by defining which principal can perform actions on what resources, and under what conditions.

By default, users and roles have no permissions. An IAM administrator creates IAM policies and adds them to roles, which users can then assume. IAM policies define permissions regardless of the method used to perform the operation.

Identity-based policies

Identity-based policies are JSON permissions policy documents that you attach to an identity (user, group, or role). These policies control what actions identities can perform, on which resources, and under what conditions. To learn how to create an identity-based policy, see Define custom IAM permissions with customer managed policies in the IAM User Guide.

Identity-based policies can be inline policies (embedded directly into a single identity) or managed policies (standalone policies attached to multiple identities). To learn how to choose between managed and inline policies, see Choose between managed policies and inline policies in the IAM User Guide.

Resource-based policies

Resource-based policies are JSON policy documents that you attach to a resource. Examples include IAM role trust policies and Amazon S3 bucket policies. In services that support resource-based policies, service administrators can use them to control access to a specific resource. You must specify a principal in a resource-based policy.

Resource-based policies are inline policies that are located in that service. You can't use AWS managed policies from IAM in a resource-based policy.

Access control lists (ACLs)

Access control lists (ACLs) control which principals (account members, users, or roles) have permissions to access a resource. ACLs are similar to resource-based policies, although they do not use the JSON policy document format.

Amazon S3, AWS WAF, and Amazon VPC are examples of services that support ACLs. To learn more about ACLs, see Access control list (ACL) overview in the Amazon Simple Storage Service Developer Guide.

Other policy types

AWS supports additional policy types that can set the maximum permissions granted by more common policy types:

Multiple policy types

When multiple types of policies apply to a request, the resulting permissions are more complicated to understand. To learn how AWS determines whether to allow a request when multiple policy types are involved, see Policy evaluation logic in the IAM User Guide.

CodeCommit resource-based policies

CodeCommit does not support resource-based policies.

Authorization based on CodeCommit tags

You can attach tags to CodeCommit resources or pass tags in a request to CodeCommit. To control access based on tags, you provide tag information in the condition element of a policy using the codecommit:ResourceTag/key-name, aws:RequestTag/key-name, or aws:TagKeys condition keys. For more information about tagging CodeCommit resources, see Example 5: Deny or allow actions on repositories with tags. For more information about tagging strategies, see Tagging AWS Resources.

CodeCommit also supports policies based on session tags. For more information, see Session Tags.

Using tags to provide identity information in CodeCommit

CodeCommit supports the use of session tags, which are key-value pair attributes that you pass when you assume an IAM role, use temporary credentials, or federate a user in AWS Security Token Service (AWS STS). You can also associate tags with an IAM user. You can use the information provided in these tags to make it easier to identify who made a change or caused an event. CodeCommit includes the values for tags with the following key names in CodeCommit events:

If this information is provided, CodeCommit includes it in events sent to Amazon EventBridge and Amazon CloudWatch Events. For more information, see Monitoring CodeCommit events in Amazon EventBridge and Amazon CloudWatch Events.

To use session tagging, roles must have policies that include the sts:TagSession permission set to Allow. If you are using federated access, you can configure display name and email tag information as part of your setup. For example, if you're using Azure Active Directory, you might provide the following claim information:

You can use the AWS CLI to pass session tags for displayName and emailAddress using AssumeRole. For example, a user who wants to assume a role named Developer who wants to associate her name Mary Major might use the assume-role command similar to the following:

aws sts assume-role \
--role-arn arn:aws:iam::123456789012:role/Developer \
--role-session-name Mary-Major \
–-tags Key=displayName,Value="Mary Major" Key=emailAddress,Value="mary_major@example.com" \
--external-id Example987

For more information, see AssumeRole.

You can use the AssumeRoleWithSAML operation to return a set of temporary credentials that include displayName and emailAddress tags. You can use these tags when you access CodeCommit repositories. This requires that your company or group has already integrated your third-party SAML solution with AWS. If so, you can pass SAML attributes as session tags. For example, if you wanted to pass identity attributes for a display name and email address for a user named Saanvi Sarkar as session tags:

<Attribute Name="https://aws.amazon.com/SAML/Attributes/PrincipalTag:displayName">
  <AttributeValue>Saanvi Sarkar</AttributeValue>
</Attribute>
<Attribute Name="https://aws.amazon.com/SAML/Attributes/PrincipalTag:emailAddress">
  <AttributeValue>saanvi_sarkar@example.com</AttributeValue>
</Attribute>

For more information, see Passing Session Tags using AssumeRoleWithSAML.

You can use the AssumeRoleWithIdentity operation to return a set of temporary credentials that include displayName and emailAddress tags. You can use these tags when you access CodeCommit repositories. To pass session tags from OpenID Connect (OIDC), you must include the session tags in the JSON Web Token (JWT). For example, the decoded JWP token used to call AssumeRoleWithWebIdentity that includes the displayName and emailAddress session tags for a user named Li Juan:

{
    "sub": "lijuan",
    "aud": "ac_oic_client",
    "jti": "ZYUCeREXAMPLE",
    "iss": "https://xyz.com",
    "iat": 1566583294,
    "exp": 1566583354,
    "auth_time": 1566583292,
    "https://aws.amazon.com/tags": {
        "principal_tags": {
            "displayName": ["Li Juan"],
            "emailAddress": ["li_juan@example.com"],
        },
        "transitive_tag_keys": [
            "displayName",
            "emailAddress"
        ]
    }
}

For more information, see Passing Session Tags using AssumeRoleWithWebIdentity.

You can use the GetFederationToken operation to return a set of temporary credentials that include displayName and emailAddress tags. You can use these tags when you access CodeCommit repositories. For example, to use the AWS CLI to get a federation token that includes the displayName and emailAddress tags:

aws sts get-federation-token \
--name my-federated-user \
–-tags key=displayName,value="Nikhil Jayashankar" key=emailAddress,value=nikhil_jayashankar@example.com

For more information, see Passing Session Tags using GetFederationToken.

CodeCommit IAM roles

An IAM role is an entity within your Amazon Web Services account that has specific permissions.

Using temporary credentials with CodeCommit

You can use temporary credentials to sign in with federation, assume an IAM role, or to assume a cross-account role. You obtain temporary security credentials by calling AWS STS API operations such as AssumeRole or GetFederationToken.

CodeCommit supports using temporary credentials. For more information, see Connecting to AWS CodeCommit repositories with rotating credentials.

Service-linked roles

Service-linked roles allow AWS services to access resources in other services to complete an action on your behalf. Service-linked roles appear in your IAM account and are owned by the service. An IAM administrator can view but not edit the permissions for service-linked roles.

CodeCommit does not use service-linked roles.

Service roles

This feature allows a service to assume a service role on your behalf. This role allows the service to access resources in other services to complete an action on your behalf. Service roles appear in your IAM account and are owned by the account. This means that an IAM administrator can change the permissions for this role. However, doing so might break the functionality of the service.

CodeCommit does not use service roles.

AWS CodeCommit identity-based policy examples

By default, IAM users and roles don't have permission to create or modify CodeCommit resources. They also can't perform tasks using the AWS Management Console, AWS CLI, or AWS API. An IAM administrator must create IAM policies that grant users and roles permission to perform specific API operations on the specified resources they need. The administrator must then attach those policies to the IAM users or groups that require those permissions.

For examples of policies, see the following:

To learn how to create an IAM identity-based policy using these example JSON policy documents, see Creating Policies on the JSON Tab in the IAM User Guide.

Policy best practices

Identity-based policies determine whether someone can create, access, or delete CodeCommit resources in your account. These actions can incur costs for your AWS account. When you create or edit identity-based policies, follow these guidelines and recommendations:

For more information about best practices in IAM, see Security best practices in IAM in the IAM User Guide.

Using the CodeCommit console

To access the AWS CodeCommit console, you must have a minimum set of permissions. These permissions must allow you to list and view details about the CodeCommit resources in your Amazon Web Services account. If you create an identity-based policy that is more restrictive than the minimum required permissions, the console won't function as intended for entities (IAM users or roles) with that policy.

To ensure that those entities can still use the CodeCommit console, also attach the following AWS managed policy to the entities. For more information, see Adding Permissions to a User in the IAM User Guide:

For more information, see Using identity-based policies (IAM Policies) for CodeCommit.

You don't need to allow minimum console permissions for users that are making calls only to the AWS CLI or the AWS API. Instead, allow access to only the actions that match the API operation that you're trying to perform.

Allow users to view their own permissions

This example shows how you might create a policy that allows IAM users to view the inline and managed policies that are attached to their user identity. This policy includes permissions to complete this action on the console or programmatically using the AWS CLI or AWS API.

{
    "Version": "2012-10-17",		 	 	 
    "Statement": [
        {
            "Sid": "ViewOwnUserInfo",
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": [
                "iam:GetUserPolicy",
                "iam:ListGroupsForUser",
                "iam:ListAttachedUserPolicies",
                "iam:ListUserPolicies",
                "iam:GetUser"
            ],
            "Resource": ["arn:aws:iam::*:user/${aws:username}"]
        },
        {
            "Sid": "NavigateInConsole",
            "Effect": "Allow",
            "Action": [
                "iam:GetGroupPolicy",
                "iam:GetPolicyVersion",
                "iam:GetPolicy",
                "iam:ListAttachedGroupPolicies",
                "iam:ListGroupPolicies",
                "iam:ListPolicyVersions",
                "iam:ListPolicies",
                "iam:ListUsers"
            ],
            "Resource": "*"
        }
    ]
}

Viewing CodeCommit repositories based on tags

You can use conditions in your identity-based policy to control access to CodeCommit resources based on tags. For an example policy that demonstrates how to do this, see Example 5: Deny or allow actions on repositories with tags.

For more information, see IAM JSON Policy Elements: Condition in the IAM User Guide.

Troubleshooting AWS CodeCommit identity and access

Use the following information to help you diagnose and fix common issues that you might encounter when working with CodeCommit and IAM.

I Am not authorized to perform an action in CodeCommit

If the AWS Management Console tells you that you're not authorized to perform an action, then you must contact your administrator for assistance. Your administrator is the person that provided you with your sign-in credentials.

For more information, see Permissions required to use the CodeCommit console

I Am not authorized to perform iam:PassRole

If you receive an error that you're not authorized to perform the iam:PassRole action, your policies must be updated to allow you to pass a role to CodeCommit.

Some AWS services allow you to pass an existing role to that service instead of creating a new service role or service-linked role. To do this, you must have permissions to pass the role to the service.

The following example error occurs when an IAM user named marymajor tries to use the console to perform an action in CodeCommit. However, the action requires the service to have permissions that are granted by a service role. Mary does not have permissions to pass the role to the service.

User: arn:aws:iam::123456789012:user/marymajor is not authorized to perform: iam:PassRole

In this case, Mary's policies must be updated to allow her to perform the iam:PassRole action.

If you need help, contact your AWS administrator. Your administrator is the person who provided you with your sign-in credentials.

I want to view my access keys

After you create your IAM user access keys, you can view your access key ID at any time. However, you can't view your secret access key again. If you lose your secret key, you must create a new access key pair.

Access keys consist of two parts: an access key ID (for example, AKIAIOSFODNN7EXAMPLE) and a secret access key (for example, wJalrXUtnFEMI/K7MDENG/bPxRfiCYEXAMPLEKEY). Like a user name and password, you must use both the access key ID and secret access key together to authenticate your requests. Manage your access keys as securely as you do your user name and password.

When you create an access key pair, you are prompted to save the access key ID and secret access key in a secure location. The secret access key is available only at the time you create it. If you lose your secret access key, you must add new access keys to your IAM user. You can have a maximum of two access keys. If you already have two, you must delete one key pair before creating a new one. To view instructions, see Managing access keys in the IAM User Guide.

I'm an administrator and want to allow others to access CodeCommit

To allow others to access CodeCommit, you must grant permission to the people or applications that need access. If you are using AWS IAM Identity Center to manage people and applications, you assign permission sets to users or groups to define their level of access. Permission sets automatically create and assign IAM policies to IAM roles that are associated with the person or application. For more information, see Permission sets in the AWS IAM Identity Center User Guide.

If you are not using IAM Identity Center, you must create IAM entities (users or roles) for the people or applications that need access. You must then attach a policy to the entity that grants them the correct permissions in CodeCommit. After the permissions are granted, provide the credentials to the user or application developer. They will use those credentials to access AWS. To learn more about creating IAM users, groups, policies, and permissions, see IAM Identities and Policies and permissions in IAM in the IAM User Guide.

I want to allow people outside of my Amazon Web Services account to access my CodeCommit resources

For more information, see Configure cross-account access to an AWS CodeCommit repository using roles.